École nationale de la France d'Outre-Mer

The École nationale de la France d'outre-mer (ENFOM; French for "National School of Overseas France") was a French grande école, providing training for future colonial administrators. It was situated in Paris, avenue de l'Observatoire, 2.

Explorer Auguste Pavie (third from left, standing) and Pierre Lefèvre-Pontalis in 1893 with Cambodian interpreters trained at the École coloniale.

Created under the name École coloniale ("Colonial School") in 1889, it succeeded the École cambodgienne ("Cambodian School") – established in 1885 – and took the ENFOM name in 1934 (it was still referred to as La Colo in colloquial terms). On 23 June 1956, it was subject to the French Fourth Republic's "Africanization" of colonial administration policy: the number of its African and Malagasy students equaled that of Metropolitan France ones.

In 1959, it became the Institut des hautes études d'Outre-Mer (IHEOM), and offered training to administrators of African countries that were members of the French Community (including Madagascar). In 1966, IHEOM was replaced by the Institut international d’administration publique (IIAP) that trained future leaders from Third World countries. It was ultimately merged into the École nationale d'administration in 2002.

Staff

Directors

Etienne Aymonier (linguist, explorer and archeologist) : 1889–1926
Georges Hardy : 1926–1933
Robert Delavignette : 1934–1946
Paul Mus, author
François Luchaire : 1959–1964
Jean Baillou : 1965-
Henri Roson
Jean-Pierre Puissochet
Michel Franc
Didier Maus

Deans

Léopold Sédar Senghor, first president of Senegal and poet of the Negritude movement

Alumni

Abdou Diouf, second President of Senegal
Enrique Peñalosa, Mayor of Bogotá, Colombia
Félix Éboué, colonial administrator
Pierre Messmer, French Prime Minister and colonial administrator
Adamou Ndam Njoya, Cameroonian politician
Phetsarath Rattanavongsa, Prime Minister of Laos
Paul Biya, president of Cameroon[1]

References

Thomas Deltombe, Manuel Domergue, Jacob Tatsitsa, François Gèze, Ambroise Kom, Achille Mbembe et Odile Tobner (4 October 2011). "La guerre coloniale du Cameroun a bien eu lieu". Le Monde. Retrieved 6 October 2011.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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[1] Thomas Deltombe, Manuel Domergue, Jacob Tatsitsa, François Gèze, Ambroise Kom, Achille Mbembe et Odile Tobner (4 October 2011). "La guerre coloniale du Cameroun a bien eu lieu". Le Monde. Retrieved 6 October 2011.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)