1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane

1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b, also known by trade names including Freon-142b) is a hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) with the chemical formula CH3CClF2. It is primarily used as a refrigerant.[2]

1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane
Names
IUPAC name
1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane
Other names
Freon 142b; R-142b; HCFC-142b; Chlorodifluoroethane
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.811
UNII
Properties
C2H3ClF2
Molar mass 100.49 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless gas[1]
Melting point −130.8 °C (−203.4 °F; 142.3 K)[1]
Boiling point −9.6 °C (14.7 °F; 263.5 K)[1]
Slight[1]
Hazards
Main hazards Asphyxiant
632 °C (1,170 °F; 905 K)[1]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

For the most part, concentrations of HCFCs in the atmosphere match the emission rates that are reported by industries. The exception to this is HCFC-142b which has a higher concentration than the emission rates suggest it should.[3] The Montreal Protocol calls for an end to the production of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons(HCFCs) to mitigate the destruction of the stratospheric ozone layer.

Uses

HCFC-142b is used as a blowing agent for foam plastics production, as a refrigerant, and as feedstock to make polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).[4] It was mainly used to replace the CFCs that had been initially banned by the Montreal Protocol, but now HCFCs are also banned due to their ozone-depletion ability. The EPA states that CFCs and HCFCs can now only be used in processes that result in the transformation or destruction of the HCFCs, such as using HCFC-142b as feedstock to make PVDF.[5] They can also be used in equipment that was manufactured before January 1, 2010. The point of these new regulations is to phase-out HCFCs in much the same way that CFCs were phased out. Its production in non article 5 countries like the United States was banned on January 1, 2020 under the Montreal Protocol.

Production history

According to the Alternative Fluorocarbons Environmental Acceptability Study (AFEAS), in 2006 global production (excluding India and China who did not report production data) of HCFC-142b was 33,779 metric tons and an increase in production from 2006 to 2007 of 34%.[6]

References
  1. Record in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
  2. "Safety Data Sheet for 1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 October 2018. Retrieved 24 February 2018.
  3. "Good news from the stratosphere, sort of: Accumulating HCFCs won't stop ozone-hole mending". Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2018-02-13.
  4. "Phaseout of Class II Ozone-Depleting Substances". Environmental Protection Agency.
  5. U.S. Government Publishing Office Federal Register 2005 November 4, Protection of Stratospheric Ozone: Notice of Data Availability; Information Concerning the Current and Predicted Use of HCFC-22 and HCFC-142b Pages 67172 - 67174 [FR DOC # 05-22036].
  6. "Production and Sales of Fluorocarbons - AFEAS". Archived from the original on 2015-09-28. Retrieved 2018-02-13.
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