1010 Marlene

1010 Marlene (prov. designation: A923 VH or 1923 PF) is a carbonaceous background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 47 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 12 November 1923, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany.[14] The asteroid was named after German actress and singer Marlene Dietrich.[2]

1010 Marlene
Modelled shape of Marlene from its lightcurve
Discovery [1]
Discovered byK. Reinmuth
Discovery siteHeidelberg Obs.
Discovery date12 November 1923
Designations
(1010) Marlene
Named after
Marlene Dietrich
(German actress and singer)[2]
1923 PF · 1937 NB1
1950 CJ · 1950 EY
A903 UD · A908 VA
1923 PF
main-belt · (outer) [3]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc113.61 yr (41,495 days)
Aphelion3.2329 AU
Perihelion2.6278 AU
2.9303 AU
Eccentricity0.1033
5.02 yr (1,832 days)
265.92°
0° 11m 47.4s / day
Inclination3.9070°
98.747°
279.74°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions43.38 km (derived)[3]
43.47±1.1 km[4]
46.37±0.51 km[5]
46.876±0.165 km[6]
47.07±0.75 km[7]
49.74±17.50 km[8]
51.085±0.156 km[9]
29.0±0.4 h[10]
31.06±0.02 h[11][lower-alpha 1]
31.0651±0.0005 h[12]
31.066±0.005 h[13]
0.03±0.02[8]
0.0468±0.0119[9]
0.047±0.007[5]
0.0540 (derived)[3]
0.056±0.002[7]
0.0647±0.003[4]
C [3]
10.40[4][7][9] · 10.60[3][5][8] · 10.7[1]

    Classification and orbit

    Marlene is not a member of any known asteroid family. It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.6–3.2 AU once every 5.02 years (1,832 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.10 and an inclination of 4° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

    The asteroid was first identified as A903 UD at the discovering observatory in October 1903. The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg in January 1924, more than two months after its official discovery observation.[14]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after German-born Marlene Dietrich (1901–1992), actor, singer and high-profile entertainer during World War II. The name was proposed by astronomer Gustav Stracke. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 97).[2]

    Physical characteristics

    Marlene is an assumed carbonaceous C-type asteroid.[3]

    Rotation period

    Photometric measurements of Marlene – made by American astronomer Brian Warner at the Palmer Divide Observatory (716), Colorado, in February 2005 – showed a lightcurve with a longer-than average rotation period of 31.06±0.02 hours and a brightness variation of 0.32±0.02 in magnitude (U=2+).[11][lower-alpha 1] Most asteroids have periods shorter than 20 hours.

    Another lightcurve, obtained by French amateur astronomer René Roy, gave a period of 29.0 hours and an amplitude of 0.17 magnitude (U=2).[10]

    Spin axis

    In 2013 and 2016, an international study modeled a lightcurve with a concurring period of 31.0651 and 31.066 hours, respectively. The study also determined two spin axis of (299.0°, 42.0°) and (106.0°, 47.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β) (U=n.a.).[12][13]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Marlene measures between 43.47 and 51.085 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.03 and 0.0647.[4][5][6][7][8][9]

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.054 and a diameter of 43.38 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.6.[3]

    Notes
    1. Lightcurve plot of 1010 Marlene, Palmer Divide Observatory, Brian D. Warner (2005)

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1010 Marlene (1923 PF)" (2017-06-05 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1010) Marlene". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1010) Marlene. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 87. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1011. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (1010) Marlene". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 30 August 2017.
    4. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    5. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
    6. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
    7. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    8. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
    9. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    10. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1010) Marlene". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
    11. Warner, Brian D. (September 2005). "Asteroid lightcurve analysis at the Palmer Divide Observatory – winter 2004-2005". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 32 (3): 54–58. Bibcode:2005MPBu...32...54W. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
    12. Hanus, J.; Durech, J.; Oszkiewicz, D. A.; Behrend, R.; Carry, B.; Delbo, M.; et al. (February 2016). "New and updated convex shape models of asteroids based on optical data from a large collaboration network". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 586: 24. arXiv:1510.07422. Bibcode:2016A&A...586A.108H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527441.
    13. Hanus, J.; Durech, J.; Broz, M.; Warner, B. D.; Pilcher, F.; Stephens, R.; et al. (June 2011). "A study of asteroid pole-latitude distribution based on an extended set of shape models derived by the lightcurve inversion method". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 530: 16. arXiv:1104.4114. Bibcode:2011A&A...530A.134H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201116738. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
    14. "1010 Marlene (1923 PF)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 30 August 2017.

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