1033 Simona

1033 Simona, provisional designation 1924 SM, is a stony Eoan asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 20 kilometers in diameter. The asteroid was discovered by George Van Biesbroeck in 1924, who named it after his daughter Simona.

1033 Simona
Discovery [1]
Discovered byG. van Biesbroeck
Discovery siteYerkes Obs.
Discovery date4 September 1924
Designations
(1033) Simona
Named after
Simona Van Biesbroeck
(discoverer's daughter)[2]
1924 SM · 1937 CG
main-belt · Eos [3]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc80.76 yr (29,498 days)
Aphelion3.3538 AU
Perihelion2.6474 AU
3.0006 AU
Eccentricity0.1177
5.20 yr (1,898 days)
268.12°
0° 11m 22.56s / day
Inclination10.664°
188.95°
217.96°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions19.195±0.194 km[4]
20.247±0.260 km[5]
20.29±6.38 km[6]
23.72±1.70 km[7]
24.71 km (derived)[3]
9.6 h[8]
10.07±0.06 h[9]
0.1050 (derived)[3]
0.12±0.10[6]
0.125±0.019[7]
0.1725±0.0201[5]
0.196±0.041[4]
S [3]
11.0[5][7] · 11.1[1][3][6]

    Discovery

    Simona was discovered on 4 September 1924, by Belgian–American astronomer George Van Biesbroeck at Yerkes Observatory in Wisconsin, United States.[10] On the following night, it was independently discovered by Soviet astronomer Sergey Belyavsky at Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula.[2] As an anomaly, the asteroid's astrometric discovery record from 1924, 1924 SM, is missing in the observational history table provided by the Minor Planet Center. The first given observation is from 30 August 1938, made at Heidelberg Observatory.[10]

    Orbit and classifications

    Simona is a member of the Eos family, a collisional outer-belt family of untypical stony asteroids. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.6–3.4 AU once every 5 years and 2 months (1,898 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.12 and an inclination of 11° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] The body's observation arc begins almost 13 years after its official discovery observation, with its identification 1937 CG at Uccle Observatory in February 1937.[10]

    Physical characteristics

    Lightcurves

    In September 2007, photometric observations at the Oakley Observatory in Indiana, United States, gave a fragmentary lightcurve with a rotation period of 10.07 hours and a brightness variation of 0.15 magnitude (U=1+).[9]

    Another fragmentary lightcurve of Simona was obtained by French amateur astronomer René Roy in August 2012. Lightcurve analysis gave a period of 9.6 hours with an amplitude of 0.02 magnitude (U=n.a.).[8]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Simona measures between 19.195 and 23.72 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.12 and 0.196.[4][5][6][7] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.1050 and a diameter of 24.71 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.1.[3]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after the discoverer's daughter Simona Titus (née Van Biesbroeck). The official naming citation was published by Paul Herget in The Names of the Minor Planets (H 98).[2]

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1033 Simona (1924 SM)" (2016-08-23 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 30 June 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1033) Simona". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1033) Simona. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 89. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1034. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (1033) Simona". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 30 June 2017.
    4. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Retrieved 30 June 2017.
    5. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    6. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Retrieved 30 June 2017.
    7. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    8. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1033) Simona". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 30 June 2017.
    9. Shipley, Heath; Dillard, Alex; Kendall, Jordan; Reichert, Matthew; Sauppe, Jason; Shaffer, Nelson; et al. (September 2008). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Oakley Observatory - September 2007". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 35 (3): 99–102. Bibcode:2008MPBu...35...99S. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 30 June 2017.
    10. "1033 Simona (1924 SM)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 30 June 2017.

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