1409 Isko

1409 Isko, provisional designation 1937 AK, is a carbonaceous background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 35 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 8 January 1937, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany.[12] The asteroid was named after Ise Koch, wife of astronomer Fritz Kubach.[2]

1409 Isko
Discovery [1]
Discovered byK. Reinmuth
Discovery siteHeidelberg Obs.
Discovery date8 January 1937
Designations
(1409) Isko
Named after
Ise Koch [2]
(wife of astronomer)
Fritz Kubach
1937 AK · 1933 FG
1935 SZ1 · 1951 GN
A900 UD
main-belt · (middle) [3]
background [4]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc116.70 yr (42,623 days)
Aphelion2.8258 AU
Perihelion2.5258 AU
2.6758 AU
Eccentricity0.0561
4.38 yr (1,599 days)
250.81°
0° 13m 30.72s / day
Inclination6.7090°
177.56°
207.79°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions34.62±11.47 km[5]
34.66±9.67 km[6]
35.34 km (derived)[3]
35.54±1.7 km[7]
37.23±0.48 km[8]
38.46±8.82 km[9]
11.6426±0.0007 h[10]
0.032±0.016[9]
0.04±0.03[6]
0.05±0.05[5]
0.0514 (derived)[3]
0.074±0.002[8]
0.0805±0.008[7]
C [11] · C/S (assumed)[3]
10.60[7][8] · 10.89±0.29[11] · 11.10[1][3][6] · 11.15[5] · 11.42[9]

    Orbit and classification

    Isko is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population.[4] It orbits the Sun in the central asteroid belt at a distance of 2.5–2.8 AU once every 4 years and 5 months (1,599 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.06 and an inclination of 7° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

    The body's observation arc begins with its first identification as A900 UD at Heidelberg in October 1900, more than 36 years prior to its official discovery observation.[12]

    Physical characteristics

    Isko has been characterized as a carbonaceous C-type asteroid by Pan-STARRS photometric survey.[11]

    Rotation period

    In December 2001, a rotational lightcurve of Isko was obtained from photometric observations by French amateur astronomers Laurent Bernasconi and René Roy. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 11.6426 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.20 magnitude (U=2).[10]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Isko measures between 34.62 and 38.46 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.032 and 0.0805.[5][6][7][8][9]

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0514 and a diameter of 35.34 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.1.[3]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after Ise Koch, wife of German astronomer Fritz Kubach (1912–1945)(de) The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 127).[2]

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1409 Isko (1937 AK)" (2017-07-03 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1409) Isko". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1409) Isko. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 113. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1410. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (1409) Isko". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 25 October 2017.
    4. "Asteroid 1409 Isko – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
    5. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv:1606.08923. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
    6. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
    7. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    8. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    9. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
    10. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1409) Isko". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
    11. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
    12. "1409 Isko (1937 AK)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 25 October 2017.

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