1496 Turku

1496 Turku, provisional designation 1938 SA1, is a Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 8 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 22 September 1938, by astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at the Iso-Heikkilä Observatory in Turku, Finnland.[11] The asteroid was named for the Finnish city of Turku.[2]

1496 Turku
Shape of Turku modelled from its lightcurve
Discovery [1]
Discovered byY. Väisälä
Discovery siteTurku Obs.
Discovery date22 September 1938
Designations
(1496) Turku
Named after
Turku [2] (Finnish city)
1938 SA1 · 1928 QN
1928 RE · 1950 EC
1954 MH · 1957 HB
main-belt · (inner)
Flora [3] · background [4]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc88.02 yr (32,148 days)
Aphelion2.5631 AU
Perihelion1.8490 AU
2.2060 AU
Eccentricity0.1619
3.28 yr (1,197 days)
90.547°
0° 18m 2.88s / day
Inclination2.5005°
294.38°
0.9272°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions7.47±0.31 km[5]
7.758±0.072 km[6]
7.973±0.018 km[7]
8.19 km (calculated)[3]
6.47±0.01 h[8]
6.47375±0.00001 h[9]
0.1930±0.0196[7]
0.203±0.024[6]
0.24 (assumed)[3]
0.347±0.043[5]
S (assumed)[3]
12.40[5] · 12.42±0.25[10] · 12.6[1][3] · 12.9[7]

    Orbit and classification

    Turku is a member of the Flora family (402), a giant asteroid family and the largest family of stony asteroids in the main belt.[3] It is, however, a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population when applying the Hierarchical Clustering Method to its proper orbital elements.[4]

    It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.8–2.6 AU once every 3 years and 3 months (1,197 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.16 and an inclination of 3° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] The body's observation arc begins with its first identification as 1928 QN at Johannesburg Observatory in August 1928, more than 10 years prior to its official discovery observation at Turku.[11]

    Physical characteristics

    Turku is an assumed S-type asteroid, which is also the Flora family's overall spectral type.[3]

    Rotation period and poles

    In April 2006, a rotational lightcurve of Turku was obtained from photometric observations by French amateur astronomer Laurent Bernasconi. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 6.47 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.51 magnitude, indicative of a non-spherical shape (U=3-).[8]

    A 2016-published lightcurve, using modeled photometric data from the Lowell Photometric Database, gave a concurring period of 6.47375 hours, as well as a spin axis of (75.0°, −75.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β).[9]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Turku measures between 7.47 and 7.973 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.1930 and 0.347.[5][6][7]

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.24 – derived from 8 Flora, the largest member and namesake of the Flora family – and calculates a diameter of 8.19 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.6.[3]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after Finnish city of Turku, location of the discovering observatory and home of the discoverer Yrjö Väisälä. In ancient times, Turku was the capital of Finland.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center in January 1956 (M.P.C. 1350).[12]

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1496 Turku (1938 SA1)" (2016-08-23 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 27 September 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1496) Turku". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1496) Turku. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 119. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1497. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (1496) Turku". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 27 September 2017.
    4. "Asteroid 1496 Turku – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
    5. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 27 September 2017.
    6. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Retrieved 27 September 2017.
    7. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    8. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1496) Turku". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 27 September 2017.
    9. Durech, J.; Hanus, J.; Oszkiewicz, D.; Vanco, R. (March 2016). "Asteroid models from the Lowell photometric database". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 587: 6. arXiv:1601.02909. Bibcode:2016A&A...587A..48D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527573.
    10. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 27 September 2017.
    11. "1496 Turku (1938 SA1)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 27 September 2017.
    12. Schmadel, Lutz D. "Appendix – Publication Dates of the MPCs". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Addendum to Fifth Edition (2006–2008). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 221. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-01965-4. ISBN 978-3-642-01964-7.

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