2-Methyl-2-nitrosopropane

2-Methyl-2-nitrosopropane (MNP or t-nitrosobutane) is the organic compound with the formula (CH3)3CNO. It is a blue liquid that is used in chemical research as a spin trap, i.e. it binds to radicals.

2-Methyl-2-nitrosopropane
Names
IUPAC name
2-Methyl-2-nitrosopropane[1]
Other names
tert-Nitrosobutane
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
Abbreviations NMP
ChemSpider
MeSH tert-nitrosobutane
UNII
Properties
C4H9NO
Molar mass 87.122 g·mol−1
Appearance Blue liquid
Related compounds
Related compounds
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Preparation and structure

t-BuNO is prepared by the following sequence:[2]

(CH3)3CNH2 → (CH3)3CNO2
(CH3)3CNO2 → (CH3)3CNHOH
(CH3)3CNHOH → (CH3)3CNO

The freshly distilled compound is a blue volatile liquid. Like other nitroso compounds, it features a bent C-N=O linkage. Upon standing at room temperature, the blue liquid converts to the colourless solid that is the dimer (m.p. 74-75 °C). In solution, this dimer quickly reverts to the blue monomer.[3]

Reactions

It can be used as a spin trap. This molecule traps unstable free radicals to form stable paramagnetic nitroxide radicals that can be detected and analyzed by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. It is particularly useful for trapping carbon-centered tyrosyl radicals.[4] It has also been used in organic chemistry as electrophile to transform sulfones into aldehydes.[5]

MNP is also an efficient regulator of the radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate through the 'pseudoliving' chain mechanism.[6]

See also

References
  1. "tert-nitrosobutane - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 26 March 2005. Identification and Related Records. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
  2. Calder, A.; Forrester, A. R.; Hepburn, S. P. "2-Methyl-2-nitrosopropane and Its Dimer". Organic Syntheses. 52: 77.; Collective Volume, 6, p. 803
  3. John C. Stowell (1971). "tert-Alkylnitroso compounds. Synthesis and dimerization equilibriums". J. Org. Chem. 36 (20): 3055–3056. doi:10.1021/jo00819a038.
  4. David P. Barr; Michael R. Gunther; Leesa J. Deterding; Kenneth B. Tomer; Ronald P. Mason (1996). "ESR Spin-trapping of a Protein-derived Tyrosyl Radical from the Reaction of Cytochrome c with Hydrogen Peroxide". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (26): 15498–15503. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.26.15498. PMID 8663160. Archived from the original on 2009-05-14. Retrieved 2009-04-06.
  5. Rodrigo, Eduardo; Alonso, Inés; Cid, M. Belén (2018-09-21). "A Protocol To Transform Sulfones into Nitrones and Aldehydes". Organic Letters. 20 (18): 5789–5793. doi:10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02483. ISSN 1523-7060. PMID 30207472.
  6. Dmitry F Grishin; Lyudmila L Semyonycheva; Elena V Kolyakina (1999). "2-Methyl-2-nitrosopropane as a new regulator of the polymer chain growth". Mendeleev Communications. 9 (6): 250–251. doi:10.1070/mc1999v009n06ABEH001161.
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