2044 Wirt

2044 Wirt, provisional designation 1950 VE, is a binary[7] Phocaea asteroid and Mars-crosser, approximately 6.7 kilometers in diameter. The minor-planet moon has an estimated diameter of 1.89 kilometer.

2044 Wirt
Discovery [1]
Discovered byC. A. Wirtanen
Discovery siteLick Obs.
Discovery date8 November 1950
Designations
(2044) Wirt
Named after
Carl Wirtanen
(discoverer himself)[2]
1950 VE
Mars-crosser[1][3] · Phocaea [4][5]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc66.44 yr (24,269 days)
Aphelion3.1989 AU
Perihelion1.5634 AU
2.3812 AU
Eccentricity0.3434
3.67 yr (1,342 days)
53.286°
0° 16m 5.52s / day
Inclination23.970°
53.646°
50.474°
Known satellites1[6][7] (⌀: 2 km; p: 19.0 h)
Earth MOID0.6559 AU
Physical characteristics
Dimensions6.65 km (calculated)[4]
6.66±0.6 km (IRAS:2)[8]
3.6895±0.0003 h[9]
3.6898 h[10]
3.6900±0.0003 h[11]
3.690±0.00005 h[6]
0.1907±0.038 (IRAS:2)[8]
0.23 (assumed)[4]
S[4]
12.838±0.002 (R)[9] · 13.1[1][4] · 13.3[8]

    The asteroid was discovered on 8 November 1950, by American astronomer Carl Wirtanen at Lick Observatory on Mount Hamilton, California, and later named after the discoverer himself.[3]

    Orbit and classification

    Wirt is both a member of the main-belt's Phocaea family (701) and a Mars-crossing asteroid, whose orbit crosses that of Mars.[1][3][4][5] It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.6–3.2 AU once every 3 years and 8 months (1,342 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.34 and an inclination of 24° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

    The asteroid's observation arc begins two weeks after its official discovery with the first recorded observation at Lick Observatory on 22 November 1950.[3]

    Physical characteristics

    Wirt has been characterized as a stony S-type asteroid.[4]

    Rotation period

    Between 2005 and 2010, several rotational lightcurve were obtained for this asteroid from photometric observations taken by astronomers Donald Pray, Petr Pravec, Peter Kušnirák, Walter Cooney, Rui Goncalves and Raoul Behrend, as well as at the Palomar Transient Factory. The lightcurves gave a well-defined rotation period between 3.689 and 3.690 hours with a brightness variation between 0.12 and 0.26 magnitude (U=n.a./3/3/3/3/2).[6][7][9][10][11]

    Satellite

    During the photometric observations in December 2005, a minor-planet moon in orbit of Wirt was discovered. The binary asteroid has diameter ratio of 0.25, and the moon's orbital period is 18.97 hours. It measures approximately 1.89 kilometer in diameter.[6][7][10]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the survey carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the asteroid measures 6.66 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.19,[8] while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.23 and calculates a diameter of 6.65 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 13.1.[4]

    Naming

    It was named after American astronomer Carl Wirtanen (1910–1990), a discoverer of minor planets and comets, who was a long-time contributor of astrometric observations at Lick Observatory. It is one of the rare cases where the asteroid had been named after its discoverer. Wirtanen is known for several surveys conducted at Lick Observatory such as the Lick proper motion program with respect to galaxies and the Shane-Wirtanen survey.[2] The official naming citation was published by the MPC on 1 January 1981 (M.P.C. 5688).[12]

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2044 Wirt (1950 VE)" (2017-05-03 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 10 June 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2044) Wirt". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2044) Wirt. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 166. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2045. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "2044 Wirt (1950 VE)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
    4. "LCDB Data for (2044) Wirt". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 15 November 2016.
    5. "Asteroid 2044 Wirt – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 26 October 2019.
    6. Pravec, P.; Scheirich, P.; Vokrouhlický, D.; Harris, A. W.; Kusnirák, P.; Hornoch, K.; et al. (March 2012). "Binary asteroid population. 2. Anisotropic distribution of orbit poles of small, inner main-belt binaries". Icarus. 218 (1): 125–143. Bibcode:2012Icar..218..125P. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2011.11.026. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
    7. "Electronic Telegram No. 353". IAU Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. 6 January 2006. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
    8. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    9. Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
    10. Pray, D.; Pravec, P.; Kusnirak, P.; Cooney, W.; Gross, J.; Terrell, D.; et al. (January 2006). "(2044) Wirt". Central Bureau Electronic Telegrams. 353 (353): 1. Bibcode:2006CBET..353....1P. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
    11. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (2044) Wirt". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
    12. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 15 November 2016.

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