2197 Shanghai

2197 Shanghai, provisional designation 1965 YN, is a carbonaceous Themistian asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 22 kilometers in diameter.

2197 Shanghai
Discovery [1]
Discovered byPurple Mountain Obs.
Discovery sitePurple Mountain Obs.
Discovery date30 December 1965
Designations
(2197) Shanghai
Named after
Shanghai (Chinese city)[2]
1965 YN · 1942 VN
1955 DA · 1964 UN
1967 JT · 1975 SD
main-belt · Themis [3]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc62.10 yr (22,682 days)
Aphelion3.5508 AU
Perihelion2.7595 AU
3.1551 AU
Eccentricity0.1254
5.60 yr (2,047 days)
60.923°
0° 10m 33.24s / day
Inclination2.4980°
56.369°
70.991°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions20.198±0.136 km[1][4]
20.20±0.14 km[3][4]
22.23 km (derived)[3]
23.88±0.70 km[5]
5.9384±0.0023 h[6]
5.99±0.05 h[7]
0.0898 (derived)[3]
0.106±0.007[5]
0.119±0.014[4]
C [3]
11.20[5] · 11.40[4] · 11.304±0.001 (R)[6] · 11.5[1][3] · 11.54±0.19[8]

    The asteroid was discovered on 30 December 1965, by astronomers at the Purple Mountain Observatory in Nanking, China, and named after the city of Shanghai.[2][9]

    Orbit and classification

    Shanghai is a member of the Themis family, a dynamical family of outer-belt asteroids with nearly coplanar ecliptical orbits. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.8–3.6 AU once every 5 years and 7 months (2,047 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.13 and an inclination of 2° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

    Physical characteristics

    The dark body has been characterized as a C-type asteroid.[3]

    Rotation period

    In December 2010, a rotational lightcurve of Shanghai was obtained for this asteroid from photometric observations taken at the U.S. Palomar Transient Factory in California. It gave a rotation period of 5.9384 hours with a brightness variation of 0.16 magnitude (U=2).[6]

    One month later in January 2011, a similar period of 5.99 hours with an amplitude of 0.16 magnitude was derived by French amateur astronomer Pierre Antonini (U=2).[7]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Shanghai measures 20.2 and 23.9 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.119 and 0.106, respectively.[4][5] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0898 and a diameter of 22.2 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 11.5.[3]

    Naming

    This minor planet is named after Shanghai, the most populous city of China (pop. 24 million as of 2014). Located in the Yangtze River Delta in eastern China, it has the world's busiest container port.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 June 1981 (M.P.C. 6059).[10]

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2197 Shanghai (1965 YN)" (2017-03-31 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2197) Shanghai". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2197) Shanghai. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 179. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2198. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (2197) Shanghai". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 1 September 2016.
    4. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 1 September 2016.
    5. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    6. Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. Retrieved 1 September 2016.
    7. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (2197) Shanghai". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 1 September 2016.
    8. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 1 September 2016.
    9. "2197 Shanghai (1965 YN)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 1 September 2016.
    10. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 1 September 2016.

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