2696 Magion

2696 Magion, provisional designation 1980 HB, is a dark background asteroid and a slow rotator from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 21 kilometers (13 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 16 April 1980, by Slovak astronomer Ladislav Brožek at the Kleť Observatory in former Czechoslovakia.[1] The X-type asteroid has an ambiguous rotation period of 480 hours and is possibly a tumbler.[6] It was named for the first Czechoslovak satellite, Magion 1, launched in 1978.[2]

2696 Magion
Discovery [1]
Discovered byL. Brožek
Discovery siteKleť Obs.
Discovery date16 April 1980
Designations
(2696) Magion
Named after
Magion 1 [2]
(Czechoslovak satellite)
1980 HB · 1951 SK
1953 GC · 1978 TN7
main-belt [1][3] · (inner)
background [4][5] · Phocaea [6]
Orbital characteristics [3]
Epoch 23 March 2018 (JD 2458200.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc66.41 yr (24,255 d)
Aphelion2.7287 AU
Perihelion2.1712 AU
2.4499 AU
Eccentricity0.1138
3.83 yr (1,401 d)
35.557°
0° 15m 25.2s / day
Inclination25.350°
186.23°
283.31°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
10.06 km (calculated)[6]
20.18±1.0 km[7]
20.83±5.49 km[8]
21.388±0.121 km[9]
22.74±0.53 km[10]
23.824±8.215 km[11]
25.418±0.186 km[12]
480±6 h[13][lower-alpha 1]
0.0345±0.0036[12]
0.038±0.004[9]
0.04±0.03[8]
0.0421±0.0397[11]
0.054±0.003[10]
0.0687±0.008[7]
0.23 (assumed)[6]
X [14] · S (assumed)[6]
12.00[7][10][12]
12.20[3][6][11]
12.39[8]
12.48±0.02[14]

    Orbit and classification

    Magion is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population when applying the hierarchical clustering method to its proper orbital elements.[4][5] Based on osculating Keplerian orbital elements, the asteroid has also been considered a member of the Phocaea family (701),[6] a large family with two thousand members, named after 25 Phocaea.

    It orbits the Sun in the inner asteroid belt at a distance of 2.2–2.7 AU once every 3 years and 10 months (1,401 days; semi-major axis of 2.45 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.11 and an inclination of 25° with respect to the ecliptic.[3] The body's observation arc begins with its first observation as 1951 SK at Goethe Link Observatory in September 1951, more than 28 years prior to its official discovery observation at Kleť.[1]

    Physical characteristics

    Magion has been characterized as an X-type asteroid by Pan-STARRS large-scale survey.[14] It is also an assumed S-type asteroid based on its family classification.[6]

    Rotation period and slow rotator

    In May 2007, a rotational lightcurve of Magion was obtained from photometric observations by astronomers Adrián Galád, Leonard Kornoš and Štefan Gajdoš at Modra Observatory in Slovakia. Lightcurve analysis gave an exceptionally long but ambiguous rotation period of 480±6 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.31 magnitude (U=2).[13] Alternative periods are 474 and 360 hours, respectively.[lower-alpha 1] Due to its long period, this slow rotator ranks among to the Top 100 of its kind. It may also be a tumbler, yet no strong evidence has been found (T0).[6][lower-alpha 2]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Magion measures between 20.18 and 25.418 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.0345 and 0.0687.[7][8][9][10][11][12]

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a high albedo of 0.23 – derived from 25 Phocaea, the parent body of the Phocaea family – and consequently calculates a much smaller diameter of 10.06 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.2.[6]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after "Magion 1", the first Czechoslovak artificial satellite, launched with Interkosmos 18 mission on 24 October 1978. The satellite studied the interactions between Earth's magnetosphere and its ionosphere, and it examined the special structure of extremely low frequency waves.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 28 January 1983 (M.P.C. 7620).[15]

    Notes
    1. Lightcurve plot of (2696) Magion taken by Galad and Pravec at Modra in June 2007, with an ambiguous rotation period 474 (or 350) hours. Quality code of 2. Summary figures at the LCDB.
    2. PAR = 0. See (2696) Magion at the LCDB. Definition by the LCDB for PAR = 0: The tumbling damping time scale is long enough that tumbling might be expected, but observations are not sufficient to substantiate either tumbling or not tumbling (from NOTES (single letter flag(s)).

    References
    1. "2696 Magion (1980 HB)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2696) Magion". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2696) Magion. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 220. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2697. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2696 Magion (1980 HB)" (2018-02-25 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
    4. "Small Bodies Data Ferret". Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0. Archived from the original on 2 August 2017. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
    5. "Asteroid 2696 Magion – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
    6. "LCDB Data for (2696) Magion". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 12 April 2018.
    7. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    8. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv:1606.08923. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63.
    9. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv:1109.4096. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
    10. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    11. Masiero, Joseph R.; Nugent, C.; Mainzer, A. K.; Wright, E. L.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; et al. (October 2017). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Three: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 154 (4): 10. arXiv:1708.09504. Bibcode:2017AJ....154..168M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa89ec.
    12. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    13. Galad, Adrian; Kornos, Leonard; Gajdos, Stefan (January 2009). "Lightcurves of Eight Selected Asterois from Modra". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 36 (1): 13–15. Bibcode:2009MPBu...36...13G. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
    14. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007.
    15. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 12 April 2018.

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