3401 Vanphilos

3401 Vanphilos, provisional designation 1981 PA, is a stony, eccentric asteroid and sizeable Mars-crosser, approximately 7 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 1 August 1981, by and at Harvard's Oak Ridge Observatory (Agassiz Station) in Massachusetts, United States.[3]

3401 Vanphilos
Discovery [1]
Discovered byHarvard College Obs.
Discovery siteOak Ridge Obs.
(Agassiz Stn.)
Discovery date1 August 1981
Designations
(3401) Vanphilos
Named after
Vanessa Hall
Philip Osborne
(friends of G. V. Williams)[2]
1981 PA · 1946 DA
Mars crosser [1][3][4]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc70.38 yr (25,708 days)
Aphelion3.2195 AU
Perihelion1.5147 AU
2.3671 AU
Eccentricity0.3601
3.64 yr (1,330 days)
264.28°
0° 16m 14.16s / day
Inclination21.797°
322.38°
108.64°
Mars MOID0.1190 AU
Physical characteristics
Dimensions7.023±1.045 km[5]
7.10±4.56 km[6]
10.30 km (calculated)[4]
4.225±0.001 h[7]
4.226±0.001 h[8]
4.2261±0.0005 h[lower-alpha 1]
4.227±0.005 h[9]
0.20 (assumed)[4]
0.31±0.15[6]
0.377±0.198[5]
SMASS = S [1] · S [4]
12.29±0.27[10] · 12.3[1][4][5] · 12.65[6]

    Orbit and classification

    Vanphilos orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.5–3.2 AU once every 3 years and 8 months (1,330 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.36 and an inclination of 22° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] In 1946, it was first identified as 1946 DA at the Finnish Turku Observatory, extending the body's observation arc by 35 years prior to its official discovery at Harvard.[3]

    Physical characteristics

    In the SMASS taxonomy, Vanphilos is characterized as a common S-type asteroid.[1]

    Rotation period

    In February and March 2008, three rotational lightcurves of Vanphilos were obtained from photometric observations by astronomers Petr Pravec, James W. Brinsfield and Robert Stephens. Light-curve analysis gave a well defined rotation period of 4.225 and 4.226 hours, respectively, with a change in brightness between 0.50 and 0.54 magnitude (U=3/3/3).[7][8][lower-alpha 1]

    In August 2014, astronomer Brian Warner derived a concurring period of 4.227 hours with an amplitude of 0.62 magnitude from his observations taken at the Palmer Divide Station in Colorado (U=3).[9] Light-curve plots were published on-line by the Ondřejov Observatory and the Center for Solar System Studies.[lower-alpha 2][lower-alpha 3]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Vanphilos measures 7.02 and 7.10 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo of 0.377 and 0.31, respectively.[5][6] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for stony asteroids of 0.20 and calculates a diameter of 10.30 kilometers, as the lower the body's albedo (reflectivity), the larger its diameter, at a constant absolute magnitude.[4]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named for Vanessa Hall and Philip Osborne, by astronomer G. V. William to celebrate their marriage on 3 August 1991.[2] The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 25 August 1991 (M.P.C. 18644).[11]

    Notes
    1. Pravec (2008) web: rotation period 4.2261±0.0005 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.51 mag and quality code of 3. Summary figures for (3401) Vanphilos at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL) and Pravec, P.; Wolf, M.; Sarounova, L. (2008) at Ondřejov Observatory
    2. Online published Lightcure plots of (3401) Vanphilos at the Center for Solar System Studies (CS3) in 2014
    3. Online published lightcure plot of (3401) Vanphilos at Ondřejov Observatory in 2008

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 3401 Vanphilos (1981 PA)" (2016-07-09 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 17 June 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(3401) Vanphilos". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (3401) Vanphilos. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 283. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_3401. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "3401 Vanphilos (1981 PA)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
    4. "LCDB Data for (3401) Vanphilos". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 10 January 2017.
    5. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
    6. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv:1606.08923. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
    7. Brinsfield, James W. (September 2008). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Via Capote Observatory: First Quarter 2008". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 35 (3): 119–122. Bibcode:2008MPBu...35..119B. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
    8. Stephens, Robert D. (September 2008). "Asteroids Observed from GMARS and Santana Observatories - Late 2007 and Early 2008". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 35 (3): 126–128. Bibcode:2008MPBu...35..126S. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
    9. Warner, Brian D. (January 2015). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at CS3-Palmer Divide Station: 2014 June-October". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 42 (1): 54–60. Bibcode:2015MPBu...42...54W. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
    10. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
    11. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 10 January 2017.

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