42 Isis

Isis, minor planet designation: 42 Isis, is a large main-belt asteroid, measuring 100.2 km in diameter with a stony (S-type) composition. It was discovered by English astronomer N.R. Pogson on 23 May 1856 at Oxford, and was his first asteroid discovery. The asteroid's name was chosen by Manuel John Johnson, director of the Radcliffe Observatory in Oxford. Although Isis is the name of an Egyptian goddess, the name was chosen in homage to Pogson's astronomer daughter, (Elizabeth) Isis Pogson.[7] In addition, the Isis is the stretch of the River Thames that runs through Oxford.[8]

42 Isis
A three-dimensional model of 42 Isis based on its light curve
Discovery
Discovered byNorman Robert Pogson
Discovery date23 May 1856
Designations
(42) Isis
Pronunciation/ˈaɪsɪs/[1]
Named after
Isis Pogson
Main belt
AdjectivesIsidian /aɪˈsɪdiən/[2]
Orbital characteristics
Epoch 31 December 2006 (JD 2454100.5)
Aphelion446.706 Gm (2.986 AU)
Perihelion283.890 Gm (1.898 AU)
365.298 Gm (2.442 AU)
Eccentricity0.223
1393.737 d (3.82 a)
121.874°
Inclination8.530°
84.398°
236.626°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions102.73±2.73 km[3]
Mass(1.58±0.52)×1018 kg[3]
Mean density
2.78±0.93 g/cm3 [3]
13.59701 h[4]
0.171 (geometric)[5]
S
9.18[6] to 13.50
7.53

    This asteroid is orbiting the Sun with a period of 3.82 years. The light curve inversion technique, when applied to photometric observations of this asteroid, show multiple local irregularities. The overall shape displays little elongation, with a ratio between the major and minor axes equal to 1.1. The measured rotation period for this model is 13.6 hours.[4] The spectrum of 42 Isis reveals the strong presence of the mineral Olivine, a relative rarity in the asteroid belt.[9]

    References
    1. Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
    2. E.g. Adriano La Regina ed. (2004) Archaeological Guide to Rome, p. 66. Cf. the pronunciation of "isidium". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.).
    3. Carry, B. (December 2012), "Density of asteroids", Planetary and Space Science, 73, pp. 98–118, arXiv:1203.4336, Bibcode:2012P&SS...73...98C, doi:10.1016/j.pss.2012.03.009. See Table 1.
    4. Torppa, Johanna; et al. (August 2003), "Shapes and rotational properties of thirty asteroids from photometric data", Icarus, 164 (2), pp. 346–383, Bibcode:2003Icar..164..346T, doi:10.1016/S0019-1035(03)00146-5.
    5. Asteroid Data Sets Archived 17 December 2009 at the Wayback Machine
    6. "AstDys (42) Isis Ephemerides". Department of Mathematics, University of Pisa, Italy. Archived from the original on 28 June 2012. Retrieved 27 June 2010.
    7. Bruck, Mary (2009), Women in Early British and Irish Astronomy, Springer, p. 157, ISBN 978-90-481-2472-5.
    8. Lutz D. Schmadel (2011). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names (Addendum to Fifth Edition: 2006–2008 ed.). Springer. ISBN 978-3-642-01966-1.
    9. Burbine, T. H.; et al. (July 2000), "The Nature of Olivine Asteroids", Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 35, pp. A35, Bibcode:2000M&PSA..35R..35B, doi:10.1111/j.1945-5100.2000.tb01796.x.
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