4997 Ksana

4997 Ksana, provisional designation 1986 TM, is a carbonaceous Palladian asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 10 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 6 October 1986, by Russian astronomer Lyudmila Karachkina at Crimean Astrophysical Observatory on the Crimean peninsula.[12] The asteroid was named for Russian chemist Kseniya Nessler.[2]

4997 Ksana
Discovery [1]
Discovered byL. G. Karachkina
Discovery siteCrimean Astrophysical Obs.
Discovery date6 October 1986
Designations
(4997) Ksana
Named after
Kseniya A. Nessler
(Russian chemist)[2]
1986 TM
main-belt · (outer) [3]
Pallas [4]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc30.57 yr (11,165 days)
Aphelion3.8162 AU
Perihelion1.9285 AU
2.8723 AU
Eccentricity0.3286
4.87 yr (1,778 days)
97.646°
0° 12m 9s / day
Inclination32.828°
10.897°
57.447°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions7.36±2.79 km[5]
9.860±0.160 km[6][7]
9.97±0.33 km[8]
10±1 km[9]
14.64 km (calculated)[3]
3.4342±0.0003 h[10]
0.057 (assumed)[3]
0.16±0.03[9]
0.271±0.206[5]
0.312±0.022[8]
0.3157±0.0548[7]
0.316±0.055[6]
SMASS = B [1] · B [3]
11.9[3][7][8] · 12.70[5][9] · 12.79±0.30[11] · 13.0[1]

    Orbit and classification

    Ksana is a small member of the Pallas family (801), a small asteroid family of carbonaceous B-type asteroids.[4][13]:23 It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 1.9–3.8 AU once every 4 years and 10 months (1,778 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.33 and an inclination of 33° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] As no precoveries were taken, the asteroid's observation arc begins with its discovery observation in 1986.[12]

    Physical characteristics

    On the SMASS taxonomic scheme, Ksana is a B-type asteroid, which are primitive, volatile-rich asteroids.[1] This also agrees with the overall spectral type of the Pallas family.[13]:23

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Ksana measures between 7.36 and 10±1 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.16 and 0.316.[5][6][7][8][9]

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for carbonaceous asteroids of 0.057 and calculates a larger diameter of 14.64 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 12.9.[3]

    Rotation period

    In February 2007, a rotational lightcurve of Ksana was obtained from photometric observations by Italian astronomer Federico Manzini at the SAS observatory in Novara, Italy. It gave it a rotation period of 3.4342±0.0003 hours with a brightness variation of 0.21 in magnitude (U=2).[10]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named by the discoverer for his friend, the Russian chemist Kseniya Andreevna Nessler, who has been an advocate against environmental pollution. The asteroid's name "Ksana" is a variation of Kseniya (Ксения), the equivalent to the romanized Xenia.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 September 1993 (M.P.C. 22505 and 22609).[14]

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 4997 Ksana (1986 TM)" (2017-05-01 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 20 June 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(4997) Ksana". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (4997) Ksana. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 430. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_4870. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (4997) Ksana". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 30 October 2016.
    4. "Asteroid 4997 Ksana – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 27 October 2019.
    5. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 30 October 2016.
    6. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv:1109.4096. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. Retrieved 30 October 2016.
    7. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    8. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    9. Alí-Lagoa, V.; de León, J.; Licandro, J.; Delbó, M.; Campins, H.; Pinilla-Alonso, N.; et al. (June 2013). "Physical properties of B-type asteroids from WISE data". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 554: 16. arXiv:1303.5487. Bibcode:2013A&A...554A..71A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220680. Retrieved 30 October 2016.
    10. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (4997) Ksana". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 30 October 2016.
    11. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 30 October 2016.
    12. "4997 Ksana (1986 TM)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 30 October 2016.
    13. Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families. Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. arXiv:1502.01628. Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 9780816532131.
    14. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 30 October 2016.

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