681

Year 681 (DCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 681 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Millennium:	1st millennium
Centuries:	6th century 7th century 8th century
Decades:	660s 670s 680s 690s 700s
Years:	678 679 680 681 682 683 684

681 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	681 DCLXXXI
Ab urbe condita	1434
Armenian calendar	130 ԹՎ ՃԼ
Assyrian calendar	5431
Balinese saka calendar	602–603
Bengali calendar	88
Berber calendar	1631
Buddhist calendar	1225
Burmese calendar	43
Byzantine calendar	6189–6190
Chinese calendar	庚辰年 (Metal Dragon) 3377 or 3317     — to — 辛巳年 (Metal Snake) 3378 or 3318
Coptic calendar	397–398
Discordian calendar	1847
Ethiopian calendar	673–674
Hebrew calendar	4441–4442
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	737–738
- Shaka Samvat	602–603
- Kali Yuga	3781–3782
Holocene calendar	10681
Iranian calendar	59–60
Islamic calendar	61–62
Japanese calendar	N/A
Javanese calendar	573–574
Julian calendar	681 DCLXXXI
Korean calendar	3014
Minguo calendar	1231 before ROC 民前1231年
Nanakshahi calendar	−787
Seleucid era	992/993 AG
Thai solar calendar	1223–1224
Tibetan calendar	阳金龙年 (male Iron-Dragon) 807 or 426 or −346     — to — 阴金蛇年 (female Iron-Snake) 808 or 427 or −345

Remains of Monkwearmouth–Jarrow Abbey

Events

Byzantine Empire

• Byzantine–Bulgarian War: Emperor Constantine IV is forced to acknowledge the Bulgar state in Moesia, and to pay protection money to avoid further inroads into Byzantine Thrace.[1] Consequently, Constantine creates the Theme of Thrace of the Byzantine Empire (located in the south-eastern Balkans).[2]
• Constantine IV has his brothers Heraclius and Tiberius mutilated, so they will be unable to rule. He orders that their images no longer appear on any coinage, and that their names be removed from official documentation.[3] Constantine raises his son Justinian II to the throne as joint emperor (Augustus).
• Autumn – A military revolt breaks out in the Anatolic Theme (modern Turkey). The Byzantine army marches to Chrysopolis, and sends a delegation across the straits of the Hellespont to Constantinople, demanding that the two brothers should remain co-emperors alongside Constantine IV.[4]
• Constantine IV agrees to a compromise, and persuades the army to return to their barracks in Anatolia. He invites the leaders of the rebellion to come to Constantinople and consult the Senate as to how to implement the terms. On their arrival, he arrests the leaders and has them hung at Sycae.[5]

Europe

• January 9 – Twelfth Council of Toledo: King Erwig of the Visigoths initiates a council, in which he implements diverse measures against the Jews. Laws against violence to slaves are suppressed.

Britain

• King Æthelwalh of Sussex gives Wilfrid, exiled bishop of York, lands in Selsey to found a cathedral, named Selsey Abbey.
• King Ecgfrith of Northumbria requests that the monks of Monkwearmouth found a new monastery at Jarrow (or 682).

Arabian Empire

• A Muslim Arab army led by Uqba ibn Nafi reaches Morocco, before being forced back into Cyrene by the Berbers.[6]
• Armenians, Albanians, and Iberians rise in rebellion against the Umayyad Caliphate (approximate date).

Asia

• In Japan the Asuka Kiyomihara Code is commenced under Emperor Tenmu.
• Kutluk Khan revolts and establishes the Second Turkic Khaganate.
• Kusakabe, second son of Tenmu, is made crown prince.
• Sinmun becomes king of the Korean kingdom of Silla.[7]

Religion

• January 10 – Pope Agatho dies at Rome of plague after a 2½-year reign, in which he has persuaded Constantine IV to abolish the tax heretofore levied at the consecration of a newly elected pope.
• September 16 – The Sixth Ecumenical Council (see 680) ends at Constantinople. The council reaffirms the Orthodox doctrines of the Council of Chalcedon in 451, and condemns monothelitism.[8]

Births

• Fujiwara no Fusasaki, Japanese counselor (d. 737)
• Pei Yaoqing, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty (d. 743)

Deaths

• January 10 – Pope Agatho
• Ebroin, Mayor of the Palace of Neustria (or 680)
• Hao Chujun, general of the Tang Dynasty (b. 607)
• Jayavarman I, king of Chenla (Cambodia)
• Munmu, king of Silla (Korea)[7]
• Queen Jaui
• Queen Munmyeong

References

1. Norwich, p. 326
2. Kazhdan, p. 501
3. Dumbarton Oaks, p. 513
4. Bury, p. 308
5. Bury, p. 309
6. Spencer C. Tucker (2010). A Global Chronology of Conflict: "From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East", p. 205. ISBN 978-1-85109-672-5
7. "List of Rulers of Korea". www.metmuseum.org. Retrieved April 25, 2019.
8. Canduci, p. 198