ACAT2

Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, cytosolic, also known as cytosolic acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ACAT2 (acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 2) gene[5]

ACAT2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1WL4, 1WL5
Identifiers
Aliases	ACAT2, acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 2
External IDs	OMIM: 100678 MGI: 87871 HomoloGene: 55855 GeneCards: ACAT2
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 6 (human)[1] Band 6q25.3 Start 159,762,045 bp[1] End 159,779,112 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 17 (mouse)[2] Band 17 A1|17 8.73 cM Start 12,942,890 bp[2] End 12,960,747 bp[2]
Gene ontology Molecular function • transferase activity • transferase activity, transferring acyl groups • catalytic activity • GO:0001948 protein binding • transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups • acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase activity • acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase activity Cellular component • cytoplasm • nucleolus • extracellular exosome • cell nucleus • mitochondrion • cytosol Biological process • metabolism • lipid metabolism • fatty acid beta-oxidation • cholesterol biosynthetic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	39	110460
Ensembl	ENSG00000120437	ENSMUSG00000023832
UniProt	Q9BWD1	Q8CAY6
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_005891 NM_001303253	NM_009338
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001290182 NP_005882	NP_033364
Location (UCSC)	Chr 6: 159.76 – 159.78 Mb	Chr 17: 12.94 – 12.96 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 2 is an acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase enzyme.

Gene

This gene shows complementary overlapping with the 3-prime region of the TCP1 gene in both mouse and human. These genes are encoded on opposite strands of DNA, as well as in opposite transcriptional orientation.[5]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000120437 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000023832 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. "Entrez Gene: acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 2".

External links

• Human ACAT2 genome location and ACAT2 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

Further reading

• Locke JA, Wasan KM, Nelson CC, Guns ES, Leon CG (Jan 2008). "Androgen-mediated cholesterol metabolism in LNCaP and PC-3 cell lines is regulated through two different isoforms of acyl-coenzyme A:Cholesterol Acyltransferase (ACAT)". The Prostate. 68 (1): 20–33. doi:10.1002/pros.20674. PMID 18000807. S2CID 40860952.
• Reynolds CA, Hong MG, Eriksson UK, Blennow K, Wiklund F, Johansson B, Malmberg B, Berg S, Alexeyenko A, Grönberg H, Gatz M, Pedersen NL, Prince JA (May 2010). "Analysis of lipid pathway genes indicates association of sequence variation near SREBF1/TOM1L2/ATPAF2 with dementia risk". Human Molecular Genetics. 19 (10): 2068–78. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddq079. PMC 2860895. PMID 20167577.
• He X, Lu Y, Saha N, Yang H, Heng CK (Dec 2005). "Acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase-2 gene polymorphisms and their association with plasma lipids and coronary artery disease risks". Human Genetics. 118 (3–4): 393–403. doi:10.1007/s00439-005-0055-3. PMID 16195894. S2CID 13637004.
• Yamada Y, Matsuo H, Warita S, Watanabe S, Kato K, Oguri M, Yokoi K, Metoki N, Yoshida H, Satoh K, Ichihara S, Aoyagi Y, Yasunaga A, Park H, Tanaka M, Nozawa Y (Nov 2007). "Prediction of genetic risk for dyslipidemia". Genomics. 90 (5): 551–8. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2007.08.001. PMID 17919884.
• Kursula P, Sikkilä H, Fukao T, Kondo N, Wierenga RK (Mar 2005). "High resolution crystal structures of human cytosolic thiolase (CT): a comparison of the active sites of human CT, bacterial thiolase, and bacterial KAS I". Journal of Molecular Biology. 347 (1): 189–201. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2005.01.018. PMID 15733928.
• Lu Y, Dollé ME, Imholz S, van 't Slot R, Verschuren WM, Wijmenga C, Feskens EJ, Boer JM (Dec 2008). "Multiple genetic variants along candidate pathways influence plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations". Journal of Lipid Research. 49 (12): 2582–9. doi:10.1194/jlr.M800232-JLR200. PMID 18660489.
• Parini P, Jiang ZY, Einarsson C, Eggertsen G, Zhang SD, Rudel LL, Han TQ, Eriksson M (Nov 2009). "ACAT2 and human hepatic cholesterol metabolism: identification of important gender-related differences in normolipidemic, non-obese Chinese patients". Atherosclerosis. 207 (1): 266–71. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.04.010. PMC 2784173. PMID 19467657.
• Pramfalk C, Angelin B, Eriksson M, Parini P (Dec 2007). "Cholesterol regulates ACAT2 gene expression and enzyme activity in human hepatoma cells". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 364 (2): 402–9. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.10.028. PMID 17950700.
• Suzuki Y, Yamashita R, Shirota M, Sakakibara Y, Chiba J, Mizushima-Sugano J, Nakai K, Sugano S (Sep 2004). "Sequence comparison of human and mouse genes reveals a homologous block structure in the promoter regions". Genome Research. 14 (9): 1711–8. doi:10.1101/gr.2435604. PMC 515316. PMID 15342556.
• Yoshida T, Kato K, Yokoi K, Watanabe S, Metoki N, Satoh K, Aoyagi Y, Nishigaki Y, Nozawa Y, Yamada Y (May 2009). "Association of candidate gene polymorphisms with chronic kidney disease in Japanese individuals with hypertension". Hypertension Research. 32 (5): 411–8. doi:10.1038/hr.2009.22. PMID 19282863.
• Matsumoto K, Fujiwara Y, Nagai R, Yoshida M, Ueda S (Feb 2008). "Expression of two isozymes of acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase-1 and -2 in clear cell type renal cell carcinoma". International Journal of Urology. 15 (2): 166–70. doi:10.1111/j.1442-2042.2007.01947.x. PMID 18269457. S2CID 205487158.
• Yao XM, Wang CH, Song BL, Yang XY, Wang ZZ, Qi W, Lin ZX, Chang CC, Chang TY, Li BL (Dec 2005). "Two human ACAT2 mRNA variants produced by alternative splicing and coding for novel isoenzymes". Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica. 37 (12): 797–806. doi:10.1111/j.1745-7270.2005.00118.x. PMID 16331323.
• Ohta T, Takata K, Katsuren K, Fukuyama S (Jun 2004). "The influence of the acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase-1 gene (-77G-->A) polymorphisms on plasma lipid and apolipoprotein levels in normolipidemic and hyperlipidemic subjects". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 1682 (1–3): 56–62. doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2004.01.008. PMID 15158756.
• Ruaño G, Bernene J, Windemuth A, Bower B, Wencker D, Seip RL, Kocherla M, Holford TR, Petit WA, Hanks S (Feb 2009). "Physiogenomic comparison of edema and BMI in patients receiving rosiglitazone or pioglitazone". Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry. 400 (1–2): 48–55. doi:10.1016/j.cca.2008.10.009. PMID 18996102.
• Jiang ZY, Jiang CY, Wang L, Wang JC, Zhang SD, Einarsson C, Eriksson M, Han TQ, Parini P, Eggertsen G (Jan 2009). "Increased NPC1L1 and ACAT2 expression in the jejunal mucosa from Chinese gallstone patients". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 379 (1): 49–54. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.11.131. PMID 19071091.
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, Li H, Taylor P, Climie S, McBroom-Cerajewski L, Robinson MD, O'Connor L, Li M, Taylor R, Dharsee M, Ho Y, Heilbut A, Moore L, Zhang S, Ornatsky O, Bukhman YV, Ethier M, Sheng Y, Vasilescu J, Abu-Farha M, Lambert JP, Duewel HS, Stewart II, Kuehl B, Hogue K, Colwill K, Gladwish K, Muskat B, Kinach R, Adams SL, Moran MF, Morin GB, Topaloglou T, Figeys D (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Molecular Systems Biology. 3 (1): 89. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMC 1847948. PMID 17353931.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.