Al-Rashid Billah

Abu Ja'far al-Mansur al-Rashid bi'llah ibn al-Mustarshid bi'llah (1109 – 6 June 1138) (Arabic: أبو جعفر المنصور الراشد بالله بن المسترشد بالله‎) was the Abbasid caliph in Baghdad from 1135 to 1136. He succeeded his father al-Mustarshid in the year 1135 as the thirtieth Abbasid caliph.

Ar-Rashid bi'llah الراشد بالله
Khalīfah Amir al-Mu'minin
Mausoleum of Ar-Rashid bi-llāh known as al-Rashid mausoleum
30th Caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad
Reign	29 August 1135 – 17 August 1136
Predecessor	Al-Mustarshid
Successor	Al-Muqtafi
Born	1109 Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphate now Iraq
Died	6 June 1138 (aged 29) Isfahan, Abbasid Caliphate, now Iran
Burial	Al-Rashid Mausoleum
Consort	Umm al-Ja'far
Issue	Ja'far ibn al-Rashid
Era name and dates Later Abbasid era: 12th century
Dynasty	Abbasid
Father	Al-Mustarshid
Mother	Umm al-Sada
Religion	Sunni Islam

Biography

Death of Ar-Rashid's father Al-Mustarshid bi-llah who was Assassinated in the year 1135 CE

Like his father, al-Mustarshid, ar-Rashid made another failed attempt at independence from Seljuk Turks. To avenge his father's death, he insulted the envoy of sultan Ghiyath ad-Din Mas'ud who came to demand a heavy largess, incited the mob to plunder his palace, and then, supported by Zengi, who was equally hostile to the sultan because of the murder of Dubais ibn Sadaqah, set up a rival sultan. Mas'ud hastened to the rebellious capital and laid siege to it. Baghdad, well defended by the river and its canals, resisted the attack; but in the end the caliph and Zengi, hopeless of success, escaped to Mosul. The sultan's power restored, a council was held, the caliph deposed, and his uncle al-Muqtafi was appointed as the new caliph.

Ar-Rashid fled to Isfahan where he was assassinated by a team of four Nizari Ismailis (Assassins) in June 1138. This was celebrated in Alamut for a week.[1]

Death

Ar-Rashid was assassinated by a team of four Nizari Shia Ismailis (Assassins) in June 1138.

A Mausoleum was built on his last resting place known as Al-Rashid Mausoleum is a historical mausoleum in Isfahan city. It dates back to the Later Abbasid era of Seljuqs and is located on the northern bank of Zayanderud beside the Shahrestan bridge. This structure is the burial place of Al-Rashid the 30th Abbasid Caliph, who left his palace and fled from Baghdad to Isfahan, when Mahmud captured Baghdad. Two years later, Al-Rashid was stabbed and killed by Hashshashins in 1138. The only decorative element of the mausoleum is a stucco Kufic inscription.[2]

See also

• Ahmad ibn Nizam al-Mulk a Persian vizier of his father Al-Mustarshid.

References

1. Daftary, Farhad (1992). The Isma'ilis: Their History and Doctrines. Cambridge University Press. p. 384. ISBN 978-0-521-42974-0.
2. Hosseyn Yaghoubi (2004). Arash Beheshti (ed.). Rāhnamā ye Safar be Ostān e Esfāhān(Travel Guide for the Province Isfahan) (in Persian). Rouzane. p. 118. ISBN 964-334-218-2.

• This text is adapted from William Muir's 1924 book The Caliphate: Its Rise, Decline, and Fall, which is in the public domain.