Anthracite, Alberta

Anthracite is a ghost town located within Banff National Park in southern Alberta, Canada. It is named after the anthracite variety of coal.[1]

A picture of the mine site of Anthracite (foreground) and the townsite behind (left). Mount Rundle looms in the background. The photograph was taken in 1895 from the nearby hoodoos. Photo courtesy of the Centennial Museum Society of Canmore.

History

Anthracite existed from 1886 to 1904, during which time extensive coal mining operations were carried out by the Canadian Anthracite Coal Company in the surrounding Banff National Park, which is now a World Heritage Site as defined by the United Nations. The town was one of many that sprang up around the building sites of the Canadian Pacific Railway after workers accidentally stumbled upon some hot springs in nearby Banff. By 1887 the town's population had grown to 300 and most of the town's residents originated from the eastern United States. It consisted of one general store, one hardware store, one hotel, one pool hall, one restaurant and a barber shop. Anthracite became a hotspot for illegal activities; prostitution and the illegal consumption of alcohol were commonplace The local Justice of the Peace brought the most popular brothel owner in Anthracite before a court and fined her the then-extraordinary amount of $200 for liquor sale violations.[2] After much bad luck during the local mine's operation, the Canadian Anthracite Coal Company closed the mine in 1890. It was reopened the next year when W. H. McNeill agreed to finance the coal company, but after a series of floods and more bad luck, McNeill moved his operations to nearby Canmore. It was deserted in 1904 and in the 1930s mining in the surrounding region was banned by the government.[2][3][4]

Today

Anthracite is located at approximately 51°11′33″N 115°29′38″W. In 1997, John Pearson, a former Parks Canada employee and last living resident of Anthracite revealed to a Banff newspaper that he had heard a rumour in the 1960s that a child had drowned in the nearby Cascade River in 1883 and that the child's body was buried in the Anthracite area. A government investigation followed and authorities concluded that it was probable that there was an unmarked grave in the town and marked the burial site with a plaque.[3][4]

References
  1. Place-names of Alberta. Ottawa: Geographic Board of Canada. 1928. p. 12.
  2. Banff and Canmore Archived October 20, 2009, at the Wayback Machine: When Coal Was King. Retrieved June 1, 2009.
  3. Anthracite Archived 2009-03-06 at the Wayback Machine - Ghost Towns of Alberta. Retrieved June 1, 2009.
  4. Anthracite - Canadian Ghost Towns. Retrieved June 1, 2009.
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