Anwar Chitayat

Anwar Chitayat (born August 21, 1927) is the former founder, CEO and chairman of Anorad Corp., which was acquired in 1998 by Rockwell Automation.[1] [2] [3] Mr. Chitayat holds over 95 patents in Electronics, Semiconductors and Automation including Nanotechnology, Interferometry and Linear motors.[4] His achievements in High technology were honored by SEMI (year 2000) at their highest honor for Lifetime Achievement, reserved for individuals who repeatedly enable and lead the technology industry throughout their professional career.[5]

Anwar's innovative discoveries in Linear motor Technology and its High performance positioning systems applications attracted global interest from hundreds of industrial technology manufacturers, including major Fortune 500 companies. Ford Motor Company held 10% shares at Anorad to promote their "Factory of the Future" with High Velocity Machine Tools (HVM), which was followed up by Chrysler. Companies such as IBM, Motorola, Applied Materials, and KLA Tencor have also used Anorad's tools to improve their factory automation technology in Semiconductor fabrication plants. Products such as Anorad's brushless linear motors enabled them to produce products faster at higher precision.[6]

Today, brushless linear motor products are being manufactured globally by tens of companies and being used in hundreds of thousands of types of high-performance automation process equipment, including Semiconductors, Electronics, Optical instruments, Machine tools, Automotive, Aerospace, Metrology, Drug discovery and general Automation industries.

FORTUNE Cover Page Photo, November 25, 1996

Early life

Anwar Chitayat was born on August 21, 1927 by the Tigris River in Baghdad, Iraq. His father, Kadoury Chitayat, was a legal documentation writer. His mother, Katoon Chitayat, raised a family of five children, encouraging each of them to excel. At the age of 17, Anwar completed his high school education and took a national scholastic achievement test. His score was the highest in the country. In recognition of this achievement, the Iraqi government awarded Anwar a scholarship to study in the USA. Anwar was accepted to Denver University; he graduated in 1951 with two B.Sc. degrees. One degree was in Mechanical Engineering and one was in Electrical Engineering. In 1952 he was drafted into the United States Army and was stationed at a radar military base in Alaska. After completing his military service in 1954, Anwar became a U.S. citizen and entered graduate studies at the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn (now Polytechnic Institute of New York University); there he earned an M.Sc. degree in Electrical Engineering.

Education
  • B.Sc. Mechanical Engineering, University of Denver
  • B.Sc. Electrical Engineering, University of Denver
  • M.Sc. Electrical Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, (now Polytechnic Institute of New York University)

Engineering leadership career

Leadership Style

Anwar possessed an extraordinary ability to understand and solve a broad spectrum of industrial-automation problems; these were related to various combinations of high-speed and high-precision manufacturing processes. [7] Anwar's vision directed him to innovative, unique Electro-optics machine solutions that met customers' rigorous requirements. [8] His common-sense style of explaining his solutions inspired customers to get on board even when doing so meant taking risks.

Anwar's leadership style with his employees was similarly straightforward and tough, yet fair and patient. While Anwar expected his engineers to perform at their best, and provided critical feedback when they did not meet his standards, he always communicated in an educational style without raising his voice.

For example, when he hired Boaz Eidelberg as his director of Linear Motor business development, Anwar asked Eidelberg to come up with a plan. Eidelberg explained that he planned to reach out to machine builders, understand their needs, develop technology solutions, and then try to sell those solutions. Anwar patiently explained why he believed that Eidelberg's strategy would not be effective: He said, "It will be too risky for them to integrate it with their machines. If I were you, I would first try to sell your solutions to CNC manufacturers. They will integrate your ideas with their product lines and then sell your solutions to their customers." The rest was history. Years later, after Anwar sold Anorad to Rockwell Automation and shared 20% of his profit with his employees, most of the employees said that if Anwar wanted to start a new company, they would be delighted to work for him again.[9]

Anorad's Reputation Among Its Customers

The following story typifies Anorad's relationships with its customers. When FANUC, one of the world's largest CNC manufacturers, decided to license linear motor technology, after observing this technology in automotive transfer lines demonstrations, they contacted four potential suppliers from among all prominent engineering firms in the world. FANUC meticulously researched these potential suppliers' patents and concluded that Anorad, with over 50 related patents, was the best company for the challenge. Next Dr. Seiuemon Inaba, FANUC's legendary founder and CEO, visited Anorad with several members of his team. The visit included a plant tour focusing on multiple high-performance positioning systems on the shop floor. Each of these systems was already in operation; the engineer in charge of each explained its construction and performance. These explanations and the discussions that followed were translated into Japanese for the visitors. A few weeks later a message from Dr. Inaba reached Chitayat: "We are pleased to inform you that we have decided to team up with Anorad in linear motor technology licensing. We found that your patents are strong but more than that, I have never seen a company where so many employees expressed so much enthusiasm for their work. Therefore I am sure that if we do business with you, we will not go wrong." FANUC next invited Mr. Chitayat to make a VIP visit to its headquarters in order to sign the contract. The signing ceremony took place in a beautiful setting overlooking Mount Fuji. Japanese media covered the event extensively. [10]

Notable Projects (from among hundreds of projects during Anorad's 30 years in business)
  • IBM Poughkeepsie - Anorad's first customer
  • Ford Motor Company - Factory of the Future
  • Giddings and Lewis - High-Velocity Machine Tool (HVM)
  • International Paper - Fluid packaging
  • Hughes - Aircraft Simulator
  • Kulicke and Soffa - Wire Bonding
  • Motorola - Assembly Line Gantries
  • Orbotech - PCB Inspection

Notable Patents and Discoveries (from among over 50 Anorad patents)

Linear motors - Brushless linear motor discovery

Flat linear motor Patent number: 5723917 Abstract: A flat linear motor has a single row of permanent magnets mounted upon backplate and an armature having non-overlapping flat coils encapsulated in a block of epoxy resin mounted upon an armature backplate comprised of a magnetic material and having anchoring recesses or protrusions. The armature backplate serves to provide magnetic circuits of low magnetic resistance in the flat linear motor thereby increasing a force generated by the linear motor. A length of the armature backplate is a non-integral number of a pitch length of the permanent magnets so as to reduce clogging. The three non-overlapping flat coils are comprised of square wire windings which provide increased thermal conduction. An embodiment of the invention employs software commutation wherein a position sensing device is used by a controller to determine a position of the armature from which a field polarity is found by means of a formula or a look-up table. March 3, 1998 [11]

Nanometer X–Y positioning for scanning and stepping

This paper describes new developments in X–Y stages for scanning or stepping and use in vacuum. The requirement for high dynamic stiffness is analyzed as to its effects on positioning accuracy in dynamically moving stages (scanning) and on settling time for stepping applications. Novel solutions are described to increase the accuracy and stability of the X–Y stages to perform in the nanometer range: (1) the use of piezoelectric locking systems to directly lock the product to the beam producing source (to reduce vibration to the subnanometer level); (2) through‐the‐chamber wall linear motor drives, where the X–Y stages are located inside the vacuum chamber and linear motor drives are located outside the vacuum chamber; (3) the use of low friction ways with a mirror surface finish so that high smoothness and extremely constant velocity is achieved; and (4) how the combination of these new techniques has resulted in practical systems for nanometer fabrication and inspection. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology July 1989.[12]

Interferometer for angular and linear measurements

Patent number US3551055A The present invention combines in a single apparatus means for measuring the linear distance, the yaw angle and the pitch angle of the movable member with the same instrument and without any additional set up and aligning of different interferometer instruments. Accordingly, a principal object of the invention is to provide new and improved interferometer means for measuring linear distance to, and angular movement of a movable member. Another object of the invention is to provide new and improved interferometer means having three modes of operation, a first mode to measure the linear distance, a second mode to measure the yaw angle, and a third mode to measure pitch angle of a movable member. Another object of the invention is to provide new and improved interferometer means for measuring linear and angular movement of a movable member comprising, first and second retroreflector prism members mounted on said rotatable member on opposite sides of the center of rotation of said rotatable member, a fixed beam source, fixed means to split said beam from said source into first and second beams, said fixed means being adapted to transmit said first beam to one of said retroreflector members. 1970-12-29

Honorary recognitions
  • Hall of Fame - EY Entrepreneur Of The Year [13]

"Anwar Chitayat, Anorad Corporation, 1997 Technology Award Winner"
"For three decades EY and the Entrepreneur Of The Year awards have honored entrepreneurial men and women and the companies they build and grow."

  • Year 2000 SEMI Award North America - "Anwar Chitayat, Innovator and Developer of the Brushless Linear Motor, Enabling Equipment" [14]

"The highest honor achievable through the 2,000-member trade organization SEMI is the Lifetime Achievement Award. The Honor is reserved for those individuals who repeatedly enable and lead the industry, technologically, throughout their professional career in developing new and emerging technologies expected to have significant future value to the semiconductor industry."

  • Pulp & Paper Canada Announcement [15]

"Anwar Chitayat, founder and former chief executive officer of Milwaukee, WI-based Anorad Corp., a Rockwell Automation business unit, has been awarded the 2000 SEMI Award for Enabling Equipment. The award is given to people who have made significant technical contributions to the semiconductor industry."

  • Year 2009 Long Island Technology Hall of Fame (stonybrook.edu)[16]

"The objectives of the Long Island Technology Hall of Fame are to recognize, honor and preserve the contributions, exceptional accomplishments, and dedication of historical figures or current leaders in science or technology who have had, or are having, an impact on Long Island."

Personal life

Anwar Chitayat was born in Iraq and raised in a family of five brothers and sisters. At the age of 17 he went to study engineering in the USA, after which he served in the United States Army and became a U.S. citizen. His family members migrated from Iraq to Israel, the United States, England, Hong Kong, and Japan, where they initiated business entrepreneurship operations. They have maintained close contact with one another throughout the years. Anwar was married twice during his professional career. With his first wife, Deanna, he has two daughters, Mara and Aimee. With his second wife, Connie, he has three children: Duri, Adrienne, and Olivia. After the acquisition of his company, Anorad, by Rockwell Automation, Anwar married Ann. They initially lived in Fort Salonga, New York and then moved to Florida, where Anwar joined a local club of retired executives who explore and discuss global trends in science, politics, and current events. Anwar and Ann are active in local community events. His hobbies include traveling, tennis, dancing, dining, and socializing with friends over a martini and a game of Backgammon or Texas hold 'em. [17]

Ann and Anwar Chitayat, the winners of The Pap Corps, 2020 Amateur dance couples competition

Sources
  • Chitayat, Anwar (January 1964). "The Utilization of Krypton & LASER Interferometers for Photographic Mansuration". Photo-Optical Data Reduction. 2: 9. Bibcode:1964SPIE....2....9C.
  • Chitayat, Anwar (September 1964). "The Utilization Of Krypton And Laser Interferometers For Photographic Mansuration". Proceedings of the SPIE. Photo-Optical Data Reduction. 2: 89–99. Bibcode:1964SPIE....2...89C. doi:10.1117/12.970698. S2CID 121697092.
  • Sweet, AR.; Chitayat, A. (June 1, 1967). "RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF A PROTOTYPE LASER POINT MARKING INSTRUMENT". Semantic Scholar.
  • Chitayat, Anwar (May 18, 1998). "Linear Motors Come Into Their Own" Design News
  • Chitayat, Anwar ( Volume 11,1987) " Linear Motors Provide Fast and Precise Motion" official proceedings of the international motor conference
  • Chitayat, Anwar (July 3-5, 1994). "Nanometer X-Y positioning states for scanning and stepping" Proceedings Of The International Symposium On Manufacturing
  • Chitayat, Anwar (March 6-12, 2009) "Long Island technology hall of fame" Long Island Business News
  • Paul Schreiber (September 14, 1967) "Watching Over We The People" Newsday
  • Brown, Stewart F (November 25, 1996) "The Fast New World Of Flat Motors" Fortune
  • Chitayat, Anwar (June 1967). "Review of recent applications of laser interferometers in automatic checkout correction and control". IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics. 3 (6): 263. Bibcode:1967IJQE....3..263C. doi:10.1109/JQE.1967.1074509.

References
  1. Chandler, Doug (October 1, 2003). "Rockwell acquisition adds linear motors". Business Management.
  2. "Rockwell Automation buys Anorad, sees linear motor expansion". Control Engineering. October 1, 1998.
  3. "Rockwell Automation Completes Acquisition of Anorad Corporation". The Auto Channel. November 6, 1998.
  4. "Patents by Inventor Anwar Chitayat". Justia.
  5. "SEMI AWARD NORTH AMERICA RECIPIENTS". SEMI. Innovator and Developer of the Brushless Linear Motor
  6. BROWN, STUART (November 25, 1996). "The Fast New World of FLATMOTORS" (PDF). Fortune (Cover Page).
  8. Lewis, John (January 4, 1999). "Dual-axis linear drive adds a new twist to pick-and-place". Design News.
  9. Paquette, Carole (March 15, 1998). "Casual Friday' Dress Becoming Everyday Thing". The New York Times.
  10. Eidelberg, Boaz (October 2020). "In memory of a great technology leader". LinkedIn.
  11. Chitayat, Anwar (March 3, 1998). "Flat linear motor". Google Patents.
  12. Chitayat, Anwar (November 1989). "Nanometer X-Y positioning stages for scanning and stepping". Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology. 7 (6): 1412–1417. Bibcode:1989JVSTB...7.1412C. doi:10.1116/1.584547.
  13. "Celebrating Entrepreneurs for more than 30 years". EY Hall of Fame.
  14. "Year 2000 SEMI Award North America". semi. 2000. Anwar Chitayat, Innovator and Developer of the Brushless Linear Motor, Enabling Equipment
  15. "News – 01-DEC-00". Pulp & Paper Canada. December 1, 2000.
  16. "Long Island Technology Hall of Fame". 2009. Honoring Those who are leaders in Technology, Anwar Chitayat
  17. "footloose-cancer-free-2020". The Bocca Raton Observer. Feb 2020.
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