Armor "Pambato" Division

The Armor "Pambato" Division[3] formerly known as the Mechanized Infantry Division,[4] is one of the primary units of the Philippine Army[5] stationed at Camp O'Donnell, Brgy. Sta. Lucia, Capas, Tarlac, Philippines.[6] One of the Philippine Army's Major Units or PAMUs, the Armor (Pambato) Division is a combined arms organization composed of tank, cavalry and mechanized infantry. The "Armor family" is a combination of strength and flexibility ready to undertake anything that lies ahead of them.

Armor Division
ActiveJune 16, 1976 – present
Country Philippines
BranchPhilippine Army
TypeCavalry
RoleConventional Warfare, Anti-Guerrilla Operations
Size2 brigades
Part ofPhilippine Army (Since 1976)
Garrison/HQCamp O'Donnell, Brgy. Sta. Lucia, Capas, Tarlac, Philippines
Nickname(s)Pambato Division
AnniversariesJune 16
Engagements
Websitehttps://armorpambato.com/about
Commanders
Current
commander		BGen Efren P. Baluyot AFP[1]
Notable
commanders		LTGen Gilbert I. Gapay AFP[2]

History

The Armor "Pambato" Division[7] traces its origins to the cavalry units raised by the Spanish Army raised during the long years of colonial rule and the revolution. These units are the following:[8]

  • Colonial Horse Guards Squadron (raised 1755, first cavalry unit to be raised in the islands)
  • Colonial Dragoons Regiment (raised 1772 as a Squadron, later raised into a Regiment, the first in the islands, stood down 1860)
  • Aguilar Hussars Cavalry Militia Regiment (Colonial Militia) (raised 1804)
  • 1st (Philippine) Chassuer Squadron (raised 1860, later became the 31st Cavalry Regiment "Philippine Cavalry")
  • 2nd (Spanish) Lancer Squadron (raised 1860)
  • cavalry units raised during the Philippine Revolution by the Katipunan during 1896–1898, and in 1898, cavalry units were organised led by Captain Lorenzo Zialcita. Other separate groups include the Esquadrones de-Voluntarios from Northern Mindanao.
  • Presidential Cavalry Squadron raised in late 1898 for the defense of the President and his First Family.

The Philippine Revolutionary Army, starting in 1898, officially included the cavalry as one of its arms.

During the American occupation, a full cavalry regiment, the 26th Cavalry Regiment, Philippine Scouts, was formed in 1922 to provide a cavalry regiment to the regular forces of the Philippine Scouts. This regiment was based in Fort Stostenburg, Angeles, Pampanga. With the formation of the AFP in 1935 came the formation of the 1st Cavalry Regiment under the 1st Infantry Division, Philippine Army. But, just as during the revolutionary period, was assigned to Malacanang Palace with the duties of the protection of the President, the First Family, and the palace complex. At the same time, the concept of armored forces was being introduced to the AFP.[9] An old Renault FT 17 tank used during the First World War became the first armored vehicle to be used in the Philippines, albeit only for training purposes. This is the very tank featured in the modern cavalry insignia used by the PA.

During the Second World War's opening days, the 26th Cavalry staged the final cavalry charge in US Army history on Jan. 16, 1942, while fighting the Japanese in Morong, Bataan. (The 1st Cavalry Regiment later stood down in March of the same year.) During the stages of the defense of Bataan, for the first time, tanks and armored vehicles were used in battle in the Philippines, replacing the horses. Units using them including the 194th and 192nd Tank Battalions and the 17th Ordnance Company (Armored), United States Army, which later became the Provisional Tank Group, USSAFE (using M3 Stuarts, Universal Carriers and M3 Gun Motor Carriages) and the 2nd Provisional Tank Battalion of the 2nd Regular Division, PA, USSAFE (also using the Bren gun carriers).[10]

After the war, M4 Shermans, among other vehicles, formed the basis of the armored and mechanized forces of the PA. The 1st and 2nd Light Tank Companies were raised in 1946 to provide the starting blocks for armored warfare in the country. The Philippine Army also created and organised of Battalion Combat Teams (BCT), that saw action during the Korean War, as part of the Philippine Expeditionary Forces to Korea, such as the 10th BCT Tank Company, where they participated the Battle of Yultong, led by Conrado Yap. After the war in Korea, on March 1, 1954, the 1st Cavalry Squadron was organised.

Later, a tank training company was formed in Pampanga to train PA servicemen in armored warfare techniques.[11] Such as the Division Reconnaissance Company, which was soon upgraded as the 1st Tank Battalion in 1960. On April 1, 1974, the 1st Light Armor Battalion was organised under the 1st Infantry Division, which led t to the creation of more related units in other brigades and battalions in the Philippine Army. These units were then part of major infantry divisions until the creation of the Philippine Army Light Armor Regiment (PALAR) on August 16, 1976, integrating all armored units within one single unit.[12]

Origin of moniker "Pambato"

The Philippine Army Light Armor Regiment (PALAR) was upgraded to the Light Armor Brigade on March 19, 1986, and had major organisational changes until in 2006, it was again upgraded to Light Armor Division, renamed as Mechanized Infantry Division in 2011 and finally redesignated as the Armor (Pambato) Division in 2019.  

The moniker "Pambato" was first used in 1976 during its PALAR days. It was said then that Pambato means "piling yunit ng hukbong katihan na panlaban sa larangan ng pakikidigma". This is pronounced "pambato" with stress at the second syllable "ba" synonymous with "panlaban" which is translated in English as "bet" or the single best unit/person/item amongst a group in the same category, in the hope of winning the field or game they are playing.

Units

The following are the combat units that are under the Mechanized Infantry Division.[13]

Brigades
  • 1st Mechanized Infantry (Maasahan) Brigade
  • 2nd Mechanized Infantry (Magbalantay) Brigade

Battalions
  • 1st Mechanized Infantry (Lakan) Battalion
  • 2nd Mechanized Infantry (Makasag) Battalion
  • 3rd Mechanized Infantry (Makatarungan) Battalion
  • 4th Mechanized Infantry (Kalasag) Battalion
  • 5th Mechanized Infantry (Kaagapay) Battalion

Cav Bn
  • 1st Cavalry (Tagapanguna) Battalion
  • 2nd Cavalry (Kaagapay) Battalion

Companies/troops (separate)
  • 1st Light Armored Cavalry (Rapido) Troop
  • 2nd Light Armored Cavalry (Tagapaglingkod) Troop
  • 3rd Light Armored Cavalry (Katapangan) Troop
  • 4th Light Armored Cavalry (Karangalan) Troop
  • 5th Light Armored (Kasangga) Cavalry Troop
  • 6th Light Armored (Paghiluigyon) Cavalry Troop
  • 7th Light Armored (Masasarigan) Cavalry Troop

Aviation units
  • Army Aviation "Hiraya" Regiment

Support
  • Headquarters & Headquarters Service Battalion
  • Army Aviation (Bagwis) Battalion
  • Signal (Kalatas) Company
  • Engineer Combat (Sambisig)Company
  • Armor Maintenance (Masinop)Battalion
  • Armor School

Assets

The Mechanized Infantry Division integrates infantry operations with mechanized units:[14][15]

Future Assets:

Former assets:

Operations

References
  1. https://www.mintfo.com/news-sourced/army-armor-division-celebrates-founding-anniversary-2/19474/
  2. "New Army chief Gapay officially takes command of 'growing' force".
  3. September 23, Trixie Joy B. Manalili Published on; 2019. "PH Army re-designates MID to Armor Division". pia.gov.ph. Retrieved 2020-06-27.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  4. Mangosing, Frances (2019-09-18). "Philippine Army rebrands primary armored unit". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved 2020-06-27.
  5. "PA's Armor Pambato Division showcases modern equipment". www.ptvnews.ph. Retrieved 2020-06-27.
  6. Share; Twitter; Twitter; Twitter. "PH Armor Division showcases new capabilities, equipment". www.pna.gov.ph. Retrieved 2020-06-27.
  7. http://www.lightarmordivision.net.ph/
  8. "2nd Cavalry Squadron". 2nd Cavalry Squadron. Retrieved 2020-06-27.
  9. Rafer, PFC Ma Florence D. "Army Commanding General visits Armor Division". www.army.mil.ph. Retrieved 2020-06-27.
  10. "lightarmordivision.net.ph". ww12.lightarmordivision.net.ph. Retrieved 2020-06-27.
  11. maghuyop, florencio. "Armor Division celebrates 43rd Founding Anniversary". www.army.mil.ph. Retrieved 2020-06-27.
  12. https://armorpambato.com/media/2
  13. "Commander's Corner". 2ND CAVALRY SQUADRON. Retrieved 2020-06-27.
  14. Andolong, Arsenio (February 9, 2016). "Philippine Army receives 114 Armored Tanks" (PDF). Department of National Defense (Philippines). Retrieved June 27, 2020.
  15. Resource, Philippine Defense. "M113 Firepower Upgrade Project (Horizon 1) of the Philippine Army". Philippine Defense Resource. Retrieved 2020-06-27.
  16. "Armor Division activates 'Alisto' Company". Philippines News. Retrieved 2020-06-27.
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