Arms Control and Disarmament Act of 1961

The Arms Control and Disarmament Act of 1961, 22 U.S.C. § 2551, was created to establish a governing body for the control and reduction of apocalyptic armaments with regards to protect a world from the burdens of armaments and the scourge of war. The Act provided an important aspect for the Kennedy Administration's foreign policy which was coherent with the United States national security policy.

Arms Control and Disarmament Act of 1961
Long titleAn Act to establish a United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency.
NicknamesArms Control and Disarmament Act
Enacted bythe 87th United States Congress
EffectiveSeptember 26, 1961
Citations
Public law87-297
Statutes at Large75 Stat. 631
Codification
Titles amended22 U.S.C.: Foreign Relations and Intercourse
U.S.C. sections created22 U.S.C. ch. 35 § 2551
Legislative history

The H.R. 9118 legislation was passed by the United States 87th Congressional session and signed by the 35th President of the United States John F. Kennedy on September 26, 1961.[1][2]

Provisions of the Act

The Arms Control and Disarmament Act established the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (ACDA).[3] The U.S. federal organization developed the formulation and implementation of the United States arms control and disarmament policy. The agency provided information and recommendations with regards to U.S. economic, foreign, and national security policies to executive and legislative officials of the United States government.[4]

The Act established several core functions for the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency;

  • Conduct, coordinate, and support the research of the formulation for the arms control and disarmament policy.
  • Management and preparation of the United States participation in international negotiations for the arms control and disarmament peace process.
  • Coordination and dissemination of United States public information concerning arms control and disarmament policy.
  • Operation and preparation, as appropriate, for the United States participation in control systems of domestic and international arms control and disarmament activities.

Titles of the Act

The federal statute was penned as four titles created as Chapter 35 within Title 22 which defines the United States foreign policies for international relations and intercourse records.

Title I — Short Title, Purpose, and Definitions
22 U.S.C. § 2551 ~ Purpose of Act
22 U.S.C. § 2552 ~ Definitions of Act

Title II — Organization
22 U.S.C. § 2561 ~ Establishment of agency
22 U.S.C. § 2562 ~ Director
22 U.S.C. § 2563 ~ Deputy Director
22 U.S.C. § 2564 ~ Assistant Directors
22 U.S.C. § 2565 ~ Bureaus, Offices, and Divisions
22 U.S.C. § 2566 ~ General Advisory Committee

Title III — Functions
22 U.S.C. § 2571 ~ Research
22 U.S.C. § 2572 ~ Patents
22 U.S.C. § 2573 ~ Policy formulation
22 U.S.C. § 2574 ~ Negotiations and related functions
22 U.S.C. § 2575 ~ Coordination

Title IV — General Provisions
22 U.S.C. § 2581 ~ General authority
22 U.S.C. § 2582 ~ Foreign Service Reserve and staff officers
22 U.S.C. § 2583 ~ Contracts or expenditures
22 U.S.C. § 2584 ~ Conflict of interest and dual compensation laws
22 U.S.C. § 2585 ~ Security requirements
22 U.S.C. § 2586 ~ Comptroller General audit
22 U.S.C. § 2587 ~ Transfer of activities and facilities to agency
22 U.S.C. § 2588 ~ Use of funds
22 U.S.C. § 2589 ~ Appropriation
22 U.S.C. § 2590 ~ Report to Congress

Amendments to 1961 Act

Chronological timeline of authorizations for U.S. Congressional legislation related to United States arms control and disarmament provisions.

Date of Enactment Public Law Number U.S. Statute Citation U.S. Legislative Bill U.S. Presidential Administration
November 26, 1963 P.L. 88-186 77 Stat. 341 S. 777 Lyndon B. Johnson
May 22, 1965 P.L. 89-27 79 Stat. 117 H.R. 2998 Lyndon B. Johnson
May 23, 1968 P.L. 90-314 82 Stat. 129 H.R. 14940 Lyndon B. Johnson
May 12, 1970 P.L. 91-246 84 Stat. 207 S. 3544 Richard M. Nixon
July 8, 1974 P.L. 93-332 88 Stat. 289 H.R. 12799 Richard M. Nixon
August 17, 1977 P.L. 95-108 91 Stat. 871 H.R. 6179 Jimmy E. Carter
December 2, 1983 P.L. 98-202 97 Stat. 1381 H.R. 2906 Ronald W. Reagan
December 24, 1987 P.L. 100-213 101 Stat. 1444 H.R. 2689 Ronald W. Reagan
December 11, 1989 P.L. 101-216 103 Stat. 1853 H.R. 1495 George H.W. Bush

See also
Armed Forces Special Weapons ProjectNuclear disarmament
Arms Export Control ActNuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978
Atomic Energy Act of 1954Soviet Nuclear Threat Reduction Act of 1991
Foreign Military Sales Act of 1968Strategic and Critical Materials Stock Piling Act of 1939
Foreign Military Sales Act of 1971Symington Amendment
Nuclear arms raceUranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act

References
  1. Kennedy, John F. (September 26, 1961). "Remarks in New York City Upon Signing Bill Establishing the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency - September 26, 1961". Internet Archive. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Service. pp. 626–627.
  2. "Trip to New York City: Bill signing - HR 9118 Public Law 87-297, Arms Control and Disarmament Act, 11:30AM". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum.
  3. Kennedy, John F. (June 29, 1961). "Letter to the President of the Senate and to the Speaker of the House Proposing the Establishment of a United States Disarmament Agency - June 29, 1961". Internet Archive. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Service. pp. 486–488.
  4. Peters,Gerhard; Woolley, John T. "John F. Kennedy: "Executive Order 11044 - Interagency Coordination of Arms Control and Disarmament Matters," August 20, 1962". The American Presidency Project. University of California - Santa Barbara.
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