Arthur Jenkins (politician)

Arthur Jenkins (3 February 1882 – 25 April 1946) was a Welsh coal-miner, trade unionist and Labour politician who served as Vice-President of the South Wales Miners' Federation and MP for Pontypool. He was the father of the Labour (and later Liberal Democrat) politician Roy Jenkins.

Arthur Jenkins
Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Education
In office 4 August 1945 – 30 October 1945
Prime Minister	Clement Attlee
Preceded by	Thelma Cazalet-Keir
Succeeded by	David Hardman
Member of Parliament for Pontypool
In office 14 November 1935 – 25 April 1946
Preceded by	Thomas Griffiths
Succeeded by	Daniel Granville West
Personal details
Born	3 February 1882 Varteg, Monmouthshire, Wales
Died	25 April 1946 (aged 64)
Political party	Labour
Spouse(s)	Hattie Harris ​ (m. 1911)​
Children	1, Roy
Education	Ruskin College

Early life and education

Jenkins was born at Varteg, near Abersychan in Monmouthshire to Thomas Jenkins and his wife, Eliza Perry. He left school at the age of 12 to work in the coal mine at Viponds, where he became actively engaged in trade union work. He attended night school, learning enough to gain a scholarship from the Eastern Valley Miners educational group to attend Ruskin College. In 1909 he went on strike over the dismissal of the militant Marxist teacher Dennis Hird. Partly in disgust at the way socialists were treated in higher education, he transferred to the Central Labour College, and from there to the campus in London. He had not completed his studies at Ruskin when he left for Paris to continue his studies there, at the Sorbonne.

In 1910 he returned to Wales to work as a miner and teach evening classes in the village of Garndiffaith.

Family

On 2 October 1911 Jenkins married Hattie Harris (1886-1953), the daughter of a local steelworks manager from Blaenavon who worked in a music shop in Pontypool.

They had one son, Roy Harris Jenkins (1920–2003), who followed his father into politics, serving as Home Secretary and Chancellor of the Exchequer under Harold Wilson and later as President of the European Commission. In 1981 he helped to found the Social Democratic Party and later oversaw its merger with the Liberal Party to form the Liberal Democrats. He was also Chancellor of the University of Oxford.

Trade union work and political career

Jenkins became active in local politics, representing the Labour Party on Monmouthshire County Council. He was also a strongly militant socialist, agitating for rapid and violent change. During the General Strike of 1926 he was arrested on disputed charges, hauled before the magistrate and sent to prison for nine months, although this did not prevent him from returning to the National Executive Committee of the Labour Part.

Throughout the 1920s and 1930s Jenkins continued to promote the sectional interests of miners and the Labour movement. He was the agent for the Eastern Valleys District of the South Wales Miners' Federation from 1921 to 1933 before serving as Vice-President of the Federation.

At the 1935 general election he was chosen as the Labour Party candidate for Pontypool, one of the party's safest seats, to replace Thomas Griffiths. With the rise of totalitarian dictatorships during 1930s his interests spread from coal and unemployed miners to poverty more generally and education, as well as foreign affairs. In 1937 his views on rearmament and the threat of global conflict attracted the attention of the Labour leader, Clement Attlee, for whom he worked as Parliamentary Private Secretary.

In March 1945 he was appointed Parliamentary Under-Secretary at the Ministry of Town and Country Planning.[1] Suffering from illness he was forced to retire from the Attlee ministry in October 1945, before he was able to assume his position in the Cabinet.

He died at St Thomas' Hospital in London on 25 April 1946.

Indemnity Act 1941

During the Second World War Jenkins worked on industrial tribunals for the Royal Ordnance Factory, Glascoed, for which he needed legal dispensation from parliamentary privilege because he was an MP. He accepted the chairmanship of a local appeals board created under the Essential Work (General Provisions) Order, 1941, for ROF Glascoed. The role entitled him to a small payment per sitting, which, however, he did not accept. Nevertheless, the position was deemed to be an office for profit under the Crown, therefore leading to Jenkins vacating his seat in Parliament.[2]

Although the House of Commons Disqualification (Temporary Provisions) Act of 1941 had been brought in to remedy such situations, it applied to MPs who had accepted offices of profit between the start of the war and the passing of the Act. Jenkins took up the chairmanship of the appeals board after the Act was passed. The Act also permitted the Prime Minister to issue a certificate to an MP, to permit him or her to take up an office for profit without losing his or her seat. Unfortunately Jenkins had not done this before taking up the chairmanship, and therefore he was no longer an MP.[3] The Conservative MP Sir William Davison remarked that "it does seem hard and unnecessary that he should be pilloried by losing his seat and incurring penalties".[4]

The Indemnity Act therefore operated to restore Jenkins to his seat.

Further reading

• Campbell, John (2014). Roy Jenkins, a Well-Rounded Life. Jonathan Cape. ISBN 978-0-224-08750-6.
• Jenkins, Roy (1991). A Life at the Centre. Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-55164-8.

References

1. "Lord Jenkins of Hillhead". Guardian.com. 6 January 2003. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
2. "Arthur Jenkins Indemnity Bill". 9 December 1941. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
3. "Jenkins, Arthur". newruskinarchives. 24 November 2013. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
4. "Arthur Jenkins Indemnity Bill". 9 December 1941. Retrieved 8 September 2018.

• "Pontypool constituency". Archived from the original on 10 August 2009. Retrieved 8 September 2018.

External links

• Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Arthur Jenkins