Attilio Maseri

Attilio Maseri OMRI KSG (born November 12, 1935) is an Italian cardiologist. Maseri is considered a leading researcher in the field of ischemic heart disease.[1] His patients have included Queen Elizabeth II and Pope John Paul II.[2]

Attilio Maseri
Born (1935-11-12) November 12, 1935
Udine, Italy
NationalityItalian
Alma materUniversity of Padua, Italy
University of Pisa, Italy
Known forcoronary artery disease
AwardsKing Faisal International Prize (1992)
Lefoulon-Delalande Prize (2004)
Scientific career
Fieldscardiology
InstitutionsUniversity of Pisa, Italy
Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy

Early life and education

Maseri, a native of Italy, graduated in 1960 with a doctorate in medicine from the University of Padua, followed by further qualifications in cardiology (1963) and nuclear medicine (1968) from the University of Pisa. During this time he worked as a research fellow at Columbia University (1965) and Johns Hopkins University (1966).[1]

Career

In 1967, he became assistant professor in the department of medicine and head of the coronary artery disease research group at the University of Pisa. In 1979 he was appointed professor of cardiovascular medicine at the Royal Postgraduate Medical School of the University of London and director of cardiology at Hammersmith Hospital. In 1991 he returned to Italy, where he became professor of cardiology at the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore in Rome and director of cardiology at the Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic. From 2001 to 2008, he was a professor of cardiology at the Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and director of the cardio-thoracic and vascular department at the San Raffaele Hospital, both in Milan.[1]

Since 2008 he has been president of the Fondazione per il Tuo Cuore (Heart Care Foundation), a division of ANMCO (the Italian Cardiological Association), which he co-founded in 1998.[3]

He has served on the editorial board of the New England Journal of Medicine.[4]

Scientific achievements

As a young scientist, one of Maseri's main goals was the measurement of coronary flow.[5] During his time in Pisa he pioneered the use of radioactive tracers, and later developed methods using positron emission tomography to study both blood flow and energy use in the heart.[1]

In Pisa he made the first clinical observations of angina as a primary complaint, not caused by excessive myocardial oxygen demand. He also demonstrated the role of coronary artery spasm in variant angina. His proof, using double crossover studies, that nitrates prevent coronary artery spasm provided the first convincing evidence for the now-widespread clinical use of coronary vasodilators as anti-ischemic drugs.[1] He further elucidated the mechanisms by which coronary artery spasm occurs in variant angina after moving to London.[1]

While at the Hammersmith Hospital, he also showed that there were differences among patients with chronic stable angina in the degree of exertion at which chest pains occurred. Moreover, that variability was caused by narrowing of the arteries in combination with vasomotor tone, but the two factors interacted in a different way than was observed in variant angina. In other studies, he demonstrated that vasoconstriction and thrombosis are jointly responsible for ischemic attacks in patients with acute myocardial infarction or unstable angina. He also identified adenosine as a major chemical mediator of ischemic cardiac pain.[1]

With his group in Rome, he developed a hypothesis of dispersed coronary microvascular dysfunction in angina patients with normal coronary angiograms, investigated the mechanisms of angina in patients with microvascular angina, and made fundamental contributions towards identifying the processes by which inflammation causes heart attacks in unstable angina.[1] After moving to Milan, he continued his clinical research using newer techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance and computer tomography to explore cardiac and coronary function.[5]

Maseri has described his primary research interest as discovering what makes one patient different from another. In the final stage of his research career, he has used the database of patients at the Fondazione per il Tuo Cuore to conduct research into individual paths to pathology.[5]

Honours and awards

Maseri is one of few physicians to be made a lifetime member of the Johns Hopkins Society of Scholars (1988).[4] In 1992 he was awarded the King Faisal International Prize in Medicine for contributions to the understanding of coronary artery disease.[6] In 1997 the American College of Cardiology presented him with its Distinguished Scientist Award.[7] In 2002 he received the Gold Medal of the European Society of Cardiology.[8] In 2004 he accepted the Grand Prix scientifique de la Fondation Lefoulon-Delalande for clinical investigations of vasomotor function in angina pectoris.[9] He was made Commander of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic in 1989,[10] and Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic in 2005.[11] John Paul II appointed him Knight Commander of the Order of St. Gregory the Great.[4]

Bibliography
  • Maseri, Attilio (1995). Ischemic heart disease : a rational basis for clinical practise and clinical research. New York: Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 978-0-443-07910-8. OCLC 32397557.
  • Bibliography of works by Attilio Maseri at WorldCat

References
  1. Conti, C Richard (2004). "Attilio Maseri". Clinical Cardiology. Wiley. 27 (6): 371–373. doi:10.1002/clc.4960270617. ISSN 0160-9289. PMC 6654358.
  2. Vecchi, Gian Guido (12 April 2013). "Emeritus Pope's Health Problems Age-related". Corriere della Sera. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
  3. "Italian heart scheme seeks 'fit'". ITALY Magazine. 23 May 2008. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
  4. "Curriculum Vitae Professor Attilio Maseri" (PDF). ANMCO. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
  5. "CardioPulse – Leaders in cardiovascular medicine: Attilio Maseri MD". European Heart Journal. Oxford University Press. 37 (16): 1260–1267. 21 April 2016. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw080. ISSN 0195-668X.
  6. "Professor Attillio Maseri". King Faisal Prize. 10 October 2012. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
  7. "List of Distinguished Fellowship Awardees" (PDF). American College of Cardiology. Retrieved 22 March 2019.
  8. "ESC Gold Medal". European Society of Cardiology. 22 March 2019. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
  9. "Historique". Fondation Lefoulon-Delalande Institut de France (in French). 12 April 2012. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
  10. "Le onorificenze della Repubblica Italiana". Il sito ufficiale della Presidenza della Repubblica (in Italian). Retrieved 23 March 2019.
  11. "Le onorificenze della Repubblica Italiana". Il sito ufficiale della Presidenza della Repubblica (in Italian). Retrieved 23 March 2019.
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