BMW M47

The BMW M47 and Rover Group M47R are straight-4 Diesel engines. Variants were manufactured by BMW from 1998 to 2007. BMW gradually adopted high-pressure common rail fuel injection systems over the lifetime of the M47.

Models
EngineDisplacementPower at rpmTorque at rpmRedlineYear
M47D202.0 L; 119.1 cu in (1,951 cc)100 kW (134 hp) at 4,000280 N⋅m (207 lb⋅ft) at 1,75047501998
85 kW (114 hp) at 4,000265 N⋅m (195 lb⋅ft) at 1,7502001
M47R100 kW (134 hp) at 4,000280 N⋅m (207 lb⋅ft) at 1,75047501999
85 kW (114 hp) at 4,000265 N⋅m (195 lb⋅ft) at 1,750
M47TUD202.0 L; 121.7 cu in (1,995 cc)100 kW (134 hp) at 4,000280 N⋅m (207 lb⋅ft) at 1,7502001
110 kW (148 hp) at 4,000330 N⋅m (243 lb⋅ft) at 2,000-2,50046002003
M47TU2D2090 kW (121 hp) at 4,000280 N⋅m (207 lb⋅ft) at 2,0002004
100 kW (134 hp) at 4,000280 N⋅m (207 lb⋅ft) at 1,750-2,0002005
120 kW (161 hp) at 4,000340 N⋅m (251 lb⋅ft) at 2,000-2,7502004
   BMW M47 engine
BMW M47 built into a BMW E87
Overview
ManufacturerBMW
Production1999–2007
Layout
ConfigurationStraight-4
Displacement
  • 2.0 L; 119.1 cu in (1,951 cc)
  • 2.0 L; 121.7 cu in (1,995 cc)
Cylinder bore84 mm (3.31 in)
Piston stroke
  • 88 mm (3.46 in)
  • 90 mm (3.54 in)
RPM range
Redline4750
Combustion
TurbochargerYes
Fuel systemCommon rail direct injection
Fuel typeDiesel fuel (DIN EN 590)
Cooling systemWater-cooled
Output
Power output85–120 kW (114–161 hp)
Torque output265–340 N⋅m (195–251 lb⋅ft)
Chronology
PredecessorBMW M41
SuccessorBMW N47
Rover G-Series (Rover)

M47D20

The original M47 diesel engine featured non-common-rail direct fuel injection and a 2.0 L; 119.1 cu in (1,951 cc) block. First seen in 1998, the M47D20 produced 100 kW (134 hp) and 280 N⋅m (207 lb⋅ft) in its original 320d/520d guise, and 85 kW (114 hp) with 265 N⋅m (195 lb⋅ft) in the 318d variant. All M47 engines have one Swirl and one Tangential intake port per cylinder, which can each improve performance under different conditions. These features are not to be confused with swirl flaps,[1] which were introduced in the M47TUD20.

Applications:

  • 85 kW (114 hp) and 265 N⋅m (195 lb⋅ft)
  • 100 kW (134 hp) and 280 N⋅m (207 lb⋅ft)

M47R

Rover Group (UK) and Steyr (Austria), worked together to modify the M47D20 to create a transverse configuration for use in the Rover 75 front wheel drive saloon, as well as their all-wheel-drive Land Rover Freelander. The same engine was later deployed by MG Rover in the Rover 75 Tourer and MG ZT. The M47R ("M47 Rail") differs from the original design by the introduction of common-rail technology, a transverse orientation, different turbochargers and more sophisticated systems for temperature management. However, the core 2.0 L; 119.1 cu in (1,951 cc) heads of the M47R and M47D20 are the same. Combining a common-rail system with a relatively small engine capacity created engine temperature problems. More hardware was added to help control temperatures which also helped to escalate weight, fuel consumption, and manufacturing costs. The BMW Steyr plant manufactured and supplied M47R engines with the same power output as the M47D20 from 1999 to 2006.

Applications:

M47TUD20

The all wheel drive BMW X3 and rear wheel drive BMW 320d models, built approximately between September 2001 and December 2004, were fitted with the M47TU ("M47 Technical Update"). The exact production week is not known, and was probably later than Production Week 33 in 2001 (e.g. one cannot rely on a UK 51 plate registered BMW 320d to have the M47TU).

The engine capacity was expanded to 2.0 L; 121.7 cu in (1,995 cc), and it retained the common-rail injector system that had proven popular in the smaller M47R and larger M57 engines. These changes empowered BMW to increase torque and improve fuel consumption, especially at lower revs. However, these modifications added 50 kg (110 lb) to overall weight and emissions raised accordingly. In the UK, the new characteristics of the M47TU were sufficient to lift the BMW 320d into the next highest insurance bracket, and the next highest band for Vehicle Excise Duty (Road Tax).

The M47TU was regarded as so good that BMW made it available in the 320Cd Coupé.

The M47TUD20 introduced new common failure points. Chief among these was a new 'swirl flap' mechanism embedded in the inlet manifold. This consisted of a number of butterfly valves within each individual inlet tract, which are secured to an actuating rod via two small screws. It has become clear that over time these screws can come loose via vibration etc. When this happens they can end up being drawn into the respective cylinder, causing significant damage to piston, cylinder head and valves. If unlucky further damage can be caused to the turbo if the screw then makes its way through the exhaust valve into the manifold and subsequently into the turbo. These failures have occurred in such quantity that a number of specialist BMW magazines have featured articles on the problem including information on how to remove the swirl flaps.[1][2] For those who wish to perform some preventive maintenance on the M47TUD20 engine, there are companies who supply and/or fit blanking plugs to allow the removal of these swirl flaps altogether. BMW addressed the problem by introducing stronger swirl flaps and larger diameter spindles - made from plastic - in 2006.

Applications:

  • 85 kW (114 hp) and 280 N⋅m (207 lb⋅ft)
  • 110 kW (148 hp) and 330 N⋅m (243 lb⋅ft)

M47TU2D20

The engine was updated again in 2004 as the M47TU2D20. Still at 2.0 L; 121.7 cu in (1,995 cc), it produced more power across the range.

Applications:

See also

References
  1. "BMW diesel engine swirl flaps". BMWForums.info. 2012. Archived from the original on 2013-01-24. Retrieved 2013-02-02.
  2. "Diesel Manifold Flaps" (PDF). www.total-bmw-mag.co.uk. 2009. p. 81. Retrieved 2013-02-02.
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