Baebia gens

The gens Baebia was a plebeian family in ancient Rome. The first member of the gens who obtained the consulship was Gnaeus Baebius Tamphilus, in 182 BC. During the later Republic, the Baebii were frequently connected with the patrician family of the Aemilii.[1][2]

Praenomina

The Baebii used the praenomina Quintus, Gnaeus, Marcus, Lucius, Gaius, and Aulus.[1]

Branches and cognomina

The cognomina of the Baebii are Dives, Herennius, Sulca, and Tamphilus. The last is the only surname which appears on coins, where it is written Tampilus. All of the consuls and most of the praetors of this gens during the Republic belonged to this branch of the family.[1][3]

Members

This list includes abbreviated praenomina. For an explanation of this practice, see filiation.

Baebii Tamphili

• Quintus Baebius Tamphilus, envoy sent to Hannibal at Saguntum in 219 BC, and then to Carthage.[4][5]
• Gnaeus Baebius Q. f. Cn. n. Tamphilus, praetor in 199 BC, was assigned to Cisalpine Gaul, where he was defeated by the Insubres; the consul Lucius Cornelius Lentulus replaced him, and sent Baebius to Rome. consul in 182, Baebius fought against the Ligures with some success.[6]
• Marcus Baebius Q. f. Cn. n. Tamphilus, consul in 181 BC.
• Gnaeus Baebius (Cn. f. Q. n.) Tamphilus, praetor urbanus in 168 BC, and in the following year one of five legates sent into Illyricum.[7]
• Marcus Baebius Q. f. Tamphilus, triumvir monetalis in 137 BC.
• (Marcus) Baebius (Tamphilus), tribune of the plebs in 103 BC. Attempted to veto the agrarian law of his colleague, Saturninus, who had proposed that veterans should be granted parcels of land in the province of Africa; Baebius was stoned and forced to flee. Possibly the same Marcus Baebius who was put to death by Marius in 87 BC.[8][9][10][11]
• Gaius Baebius Tamphilus, appears on a coin of uncertain date.[1]

Other Baebii of the Republic

• Quintus Baebius Herennius, tribune of the plebs in 217 BC. He was a relative by marriage of Gaius Terentius Varro, and actively supported his candidacy for the consulship against the senatorial elite (patres) who objected to Varro's humble origins. According to Livy, Baebius criticized the emergence of a new elite forged from the patricians and plebeian nobiles, altering the traditional conflict of the orders.[12][13][14][15]
• Lucius Baebius, one of the ambassadors sent by Scipio Africanus to Carthage in 202 BC. He was afterwards left by Scipio in command of the camp.[16][17][18]
• Quintus Baebius, tribune of the plebs in 200 BC, opposed a motion to declare war on Philip of Macedon, and accused the Senate of warmongering; perhaps the eldest brother of the consular Baebii.[8][19]
• Lucius Baebius Dives, praetor in 189 BC, received Hispania Ulterior as his province, but was slain by the Ligures on his way.[20]
• Marcus Baebius, one of the three commissioners sent into Macedonia in 186 BC, to investigate the charges brought by the Maronitae and others against Philip.[21]
• Quintus Baebius Sulca, one of the ambassadors sent to Ptolemaeus Philometor of Egypt in 173 BC.[22][23]
• Lucius Baebius, one of three commissioners sent into Macedonia in 168 BC, to inspect the state of affairs there, before Lucius Aemilius Paullus invaded the country.[24]
• Aulus Baebius, a prefect under the command of Lucius Aemilius Paullus in 167 BC. He was left in command of a garrison at Demetrias, and became involved in the internal political struggles of the Aetolians. He used Roman soldiers to surround a meeting of the Aetolian Senate, and allowed Aetolian soldiers to massacre five hundred and fifty attendees. Proscriptions and exiles followed. Paullus may have been complicit, for he received complaints circumspectly, took no action against the Aetolian leaders, and censured Baebius only for allowing Roman soldiers to take part. Baebius was afterwards condemned at Rome.[8][25][26]
• Gaius Baebius, tribune of the plebs in 111 BC, bribed by Jugurtha to quash the investigation of Gaius Memmius.[27][28]
• Gaius Baebius, appointed by Lucius Julius Caesar in 89 BC. as his successor in the command in the Social War.[29]
• Marcus Baebius, put to death by Marius and Cinna when they entered Rome in 87 BC. Instead of being killed by any weapon, Baebius was literally torn to pieces by the hands of his enemies.[30][31]
• Marcus Baebius, a brave man, slain by order of Lucius Calpurnius Piso in Macedonia, in 57 BC.[32][33]
• Aulus Baebius, an eques of Asta, in Hispania, deserted the Pompeian party in the Spanish War, and went over to Caesar, in 45 BC.[34]
• Baebius, a senator, who served under Publius Vatinius in Illyria. On the murder of Caesar, in 44 BC, the Illyrians rose against Vatinius, and cut off Baebius and five cohorts which he commanded.[35]
• Gaius Baebius, military tribune in 31 BC.

Baebii under the Empire

Numerous Baebii are known from the Imperial era, particularly from inscriptions. Baebii with the praenomen Lucius are found concentrated around Saguntum in Hispania.[36]

• Baebius Massa, formerly governor of Baetica, for the maladministration of which he was condemned in AD 93; but he avoided punishment through the favour of the emperor Domitian, under whom he became a notorious informer.[37][38][39]
• Lucius Baebius Avitus, enrolled in the senate by Vespasian, and procurator of Lusitania.[40]
• Lucius Baebius Honoratus, consul suffectus in AD 85.[41]
• Publius Baebius Italicus, consul suffectus in AD 90.[41]
• Lucius Baebius Tullius, consul suffectus in AD 95, and proconsul of Asia from 110 to 111.[41]
• Quintus Baebius Macer, consul suffectus in AD 103, and praefectus urbi in 117.[42][43]
• Baebius Marcellinus, aedile in 203 AD, was unjustly and for a ridiculous reason condemned to death.[44]
• Lucius Baebius Juncinus, equestrian officer, and father or ancestor of L. Baebius Aurelius Juncinus.[45]
• Baebius Macrinus, a rhetorician, mentioned along with Julius Frontinus and Julius Granianus, as one of the teachers of the emperor Alexander Severus.[46]
• Lucius Baebius Aurelius Juncinus, prefect of Egypt from AD 213 to 215.[47]
• Baebius Macer, praetorian prefect in the reign of Valerian.[48]
• Lucius Baebius Cassianus, of the tribus Voltinia in southern Gaul.[49][50]

See also

• List of Roman gentes

References

1. Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor.
2. John Briscoe, "The Second Punic War: The Elections for 216 B.C.," in Cambridge Ancient History: Rome and the Mediterranean to 133 B.C. (Cambridge University Press, 1989, reprinted 2003, 2nd ed.), vol. 8, p. 80. online.
3. Elizabeth Rawson, "Sallust on the Eighties?" Classical Quarterly 37 (1987), p. 166.
4. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xxi. 6, 9, 18.
5. Marcus Tullius Cicero, Philippicae, v. 10.
6. Broughton, vol. I, pp. 327, 381.
7. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xliv. 17, xlv. 17.
8. T. Robert S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic (1952).
9. Auctor, De viris illustribus, 73.
10. P.A. Brunt, "The Settlement of Marian Veterans," in The Fall of the Roman Republic and Related Essays (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988, reprinted 2004), p. 278. online
11. Andrew Lintott, "Political History, 146–95 B.C.," in Cambridge Ancient History: The Last Age of the Roman Republic, 146–43 B.C. (Cambridge University Press, 1994, 2nd ed., reprinted 2003), vol. 9, p. 95. online.
12. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xxii. 34.
13. Pauly, August Friedrich von; Wissowa, Georg; Kroll, Wilhelm; Witte, K. (Kurt); Pauly, August Friedrich von (1893). Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft. Neue Bearbeitung unter Mitwirkung zahlreicher Fachgenossen. Stuttgart, Druckenmüller Verlag. p. 2730.
14. J.F. Lazenby, Hannibal's War: A Military History of the Second Punic War (University of Oklahoma Press, 1978), p. 74. online
15. C.J. Smith, The Roman Clan: The gens from Ancient Ideology to Modern Anthropology (Cambridge University Press, 2006), p. 330. online. For the passage, see Kurt A. Raaflaub, Social Struggles in Archaic Rome: New Perspectives on the Conflict of the Orders (Blackwell, 1986, 2005), p. 318. online.
16. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xxx. 25.
17. Polybius, The Histories, xv. 1, 4.
18. Smith, William (1870). Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. 1. Boston, Little. p. 452.
19. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xxxi. 6.
20. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xxxvii. 47, 50, 57.
21. Polybius, The Histories, xxxiii. 6.
22. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xlii. 6.
23. Jane D. Chaplin, Livy: Rome's Mediterranean Empire: Books Forty-One to Forty-Five and the Periochae (Oxford University Press, 2007), pp. 20 and 27. online.
24. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xliv. 18.
25. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xlv. 28, 31
26. John D. Grainger, The League of the Aitolians (Brill 1999), pp. 529–530. online. For more on this incident, see Erich S. Gruen, The Hellenistic World and the Coming of Rome (University of California Press, 1986), p. 515. online.
27. Gaius Sallustius Crispus, Jugurthine War, 33, 34.
28. Pauly, August Friedrich von; Wissowa, Georg; Kroll, Wilhelm; Witte, K. (Kurt); Pauly, August Friedrich von (1893). Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft. Neue Bearbeitung unter Mitwirkung zahlreicher Fachgenossen. Stuttgart, Druckenmüller Verlag. p. 2729.
29. Appianus, Bellum Civile, i. 48.
30. Appianus, Bellum Civile, i. 72.
31. Florus, Epitome de T. Livio Bellorum Omnium Annorum DCC libri duo, iii. 21.
32. Marcus Tullius Cicero, In Pisonem, 36.
33. Smith, William (1870). Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. 1. Boston, Little. p. 453.
34. Gaius Julius Caesar (attributed), De Bello Hispaniensis, 26.
35. Appianus, The Illyrian Wars, 13.
36. Françoise Des Boscs-Plateaux, Un parti hispanique à Rome?: ascension des élites hispaniques et pouvoir politique d'Auguste à Hadrien (Casa de Velázquez, 2005), p. 599. online.
37. Tacitus, Historiae, iv. 50, Agricola, 45.
38. Pliny the Younger, Epistulae, vii. 33.
39. Juvenal, Satirae, i. 34.
40. Géza Alföldy, "Spain," in Cambridge Ancient History: The High Empire A.D. 70–192 (Cambridge University Press, 2000), vol. 11, p. 454. online.
41. Paul Gallivan, "The Fasti for A. D. 70–96", Classical Quarterly, 31 (1981), pp. 186–220.
42. Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus, Epistulae, iv. 9. § 16.
43. Aelius Spartianus, Hadrian, 5.
44. Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus, Roman History, lxxvi. 8, 9.
45. CIL X, 6976 = ILS 1434.
46. Aelius Lampridius, Alexander Severus, 3.
47. William Linn Westermann, The slave systems of Greek and Roman antiquity (American Philosophical Society, 1955), p. 131. online.
48. Flavius Vopiscus, Aurelian, 12.
49. CIL XII, 2934.
50. Michel Provost, Carte archeologique de la Gaule: Le Gard (1999), p. 386. online.

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1870). Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. Missing or empty |title= (help)