Bamba Sutherland

Princess Bamba Sutherland (29 September 1869 – 10 March 1957) was the last surviving member of the family that had ruled the Sikh Empire in the Punjab. After a childhood in England, she settled in Lahore, the capital of what had been her father's kingdom, where she was said to have "lived like an alien".[1]

Princess Bamba Duleep Singh
Princess of Punjab
Singh at her debut, Buckingham Palace, 1894
BornBamba Sofia Jindan Duleep Singh
(1869-09-29)29 September 1869
London, England, United Kingdom
Died10 March 1957(1957-03-10) (aged 87)
Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
Burial
Christian Cemetery, Gulbarg, Lahore
SpouseDavid Waters Sutherland
Full name
Bamba Sofiá Jindan
FatherDuleep Singh
MotherBamba Müller

Life

Born as Bamba Sofia Jindan Duleep Singh was the eldest daughter of Maharaja Duleep Singh and his first wife Bamba Müller. She was born on 29 September 1869 in London. She led an unusual life as her father (the ruler of the Punjab) had been brought to Britain as a child under the care of the East India Company, after the close of the Second Anglo-Sikh War and the subsequent annexation of the Punjab on 29 March 1849.[2]

Maharajah Duleep Singh, father. c. 1875.

Bamba's father was forcibly separated from his mother and brought up as a Christian. When Duleep returned from burying his mother in India he married an illegitimate girl who was working at a missionary school in Cairo. He brought her back to England as his wife and they lived a life of luxury and were known to Queen Victoria. Bamba was their first daughter and was named after her mother, her maternal grandmother and her paternal grandmother respectively.[1] The name "Bamba" means pink in Arabic. Her mother was brought up in Cairo and was of German and Abyssinian descent.[3]

Bamba's grandmother, Jind Kaur, suffered a poor life in after escaping India for Nepal after Bamba's father was taken from her. Eventually she was allowed to rejoin her son in England. Duleep collected her after special permission was given. Duleep was allowed by the British to visit India for the second time to bury his mother's ashes after she died in Britain, although the body had to remain at Kensal Green Cemetery for nearly a year whilst this was agreed. His mother's ashes were not allowed to be buried in Lahore but had to be placed in a memorial in Bombay.[4]

Bamba lived at Elveden Hall until her mother died from kidney failure. She and the rest of her brothers and sisters were placed in the care of Arthur Oliphant, whose own father Lt Col. James Oliphant was her father's equerry.[5] There she completed her schooling until she went to Somerville College at Oxford and in the United States at a medical college in Chicago, Illinois.[6]

India

When Bamba decided to visit India, she placed an advertisement to hire a companion. The lady selected was a Hungarian, Marie Antoinette Gottesmann, whose father was an Austro-Hungarian government official from the Catholic upper class circles of Budapest, with the cultural interests requested. The two of them made a number of visits to India settling in Lahore and Shimla. Whilst with the princess, Marie Antoinette met and married Umrao Singh Sher-Gil and they went to live in Hungary. Amrita Sher-Gil, a notable painter, was their daughter.[1] Bamba settled alone in Lahore and in 1915 married the Principal of King Edward Medical College in Lahore - Dr David Waters Sutherland.[1]

In 1924 permission was finally given for her grandmother's ashes to be buried in Lahore. It was Bamba who supervised their transfer from Bombay where they had been placed when her father visited India. Her grandmother had actually died in 1863, but it had taken a year to get permission for her body to be returned to India.[4] Her father met Bamba's mother in Cairo on his way back from burying his mother's ashes. Bamba deposited the ashes in the memorial to Maharaja Ranjit Singh, her grandfather.

Sutherland was widowed in Lahore when her husband died in 1939. She was reported to dream of her former glory. The home she lived in was affectionately called Gulzar (Rose Palace) and had a garden of exclusive rose varieties she cultivated herself. Her will specified that red roses be placed on her grave from time to time. She was the last survivor of a royal family who would have owned the Punjab. When she finally died it was said that her funeral was arranged by the United Kingdom Deputy High Commissioner in Lahore.[1]

Her grave in Lahore

Legacy

Sutherland died on 10 March 1957 in Pakistan.[7] As the last surviving member of the dynasty, Bamba left a large quantity of important historical items to her secretary, Pir Karim Bakhsh Supra of Lahore. The collection consists of eighteen paintings, fourteen watercolours, 22 paintings on ivory and a number of photos and other articles. The collection was sold to the Pakistan government and it is kept in Lahore Fort. It is known as the Princess Bamba Collection.[8]

A translation of the Persian distich on her gravestone has been translated as:

The difference between royalty and servility vanishes,
The moment the writing of destiny is encountered,
If one opens the grave,
None would be able to discern rich from poor.

Ancestry

References
  1. Kang, Kanwarjit Singh (20 September 2009). "The Princess who died unknown". The Sunday Tribune. Retrieved 13 March 2010.
  2. The tragic life of Maharaja Dalip Singh By Reeta Sharma, The Tribune, February 20, 1999
  3. Maharani Bamba Duleep Singh Archived September 19, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, DuleepSingh.com, accessed March 2010
  4. Maharani Jindan Kaur Archived 2011-07-21 at the Wayback Machine, Anglo Sikh Heritage Trail, accessed March 2010
  5. Sir John Login and Duleep Singh
  6. Singh, Gurhapal (2006). Sikhs in Britain: the making of a community p.45. Darshan Singh Tatla. Zed Books. pp. 274. ISBN 978-1-84277-717-6. Retrieved 13 March 2010. bamba sutherland.
  7. Khalid, Haroon (16 November 2015). "Royal Kohinoor: Why Pakistan should enter the debate but won't". Dawn. Ranjit Singh was born in the Pakistani city of Gujranwala. His last surviving granddaughter, Bamba Sutherland, died a Pakistani
  8. Princess Bamba Collection, accessed March 2010
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