Bayandur (tribe)

Bayundur
Bayındır
	Tamgha of Bayundur, which represents Falcon according Mahmud al-Kashgari
Regions with significant populations
	Iran, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Turkmenistan
Languages
	Oghuz Turkic
Religion
	Islam
Related ethnic groups
	Oghuz Turks

The Bayandur (Azerbaijani: Bayandur, Turkish: Bayındır, Turkmen: Baýyndyr) or Bayundur, is one of the 24 Oghuz Turkic tribes. Originally one of the 7 original tribes that made up the Kimek confederation, they later joined the Oghuz Turks.[1] The Bayandur originated from Central Asia.

The Bayandur tribe is notorious for leading the Aq Qoyunlu tribal confederation, that ruled parts of present-day Eastern Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, most of Iran, and Iraq.[2]

History

Selçukname variant

The Bayandur are known from Arab and Persian sources.[3]

The Bayandur were one of the 7 original tribes that made up the Kimek confederation, along with the Imur[4]/Imi,[5] Imak[4][5] Tatar, Kipchak, Lanikaz and Ajlad.[6] The Kimek tribes originated in the Central Asian steppes, and had migrated to the territory of present-day Kazakhstan.[4] The Bayandur, as part of the Kimek, were mentioned by Gardizi.[7]

The Bayandur left the Kimek and joined the Oghuz. After disintegrating, half of the tribe united with the Kipchaks.[1] While part of the Oghuz, they were mentioned by Kashgari.[7] They were described in the Russian Annals on 11th-century events while part of the Kipchaks.[3]

Bayundur today

Today in Turkmenistan, there is a village called Baýyndyroý in the Köneürgenç district (Daşoguz province), and a spring called Bagandar in Garrygala (Balkan province). There are also urugs (small clans) called Baýyndyr among the Turkmen tribes of Gokleng and Çandyr.[8]

References

Elena Vladimirovna Boĭkova; R. B. Rybakov (2006). Kinship in the Altaic World: Proceedings of the 48th Permanent International Altaistic Conference, Moscow 10-15 July, 2005. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 54–. ISBN 978-3-447-05416-4.
electricpulp.com. "AQ QOYUNLŪ – Encyclopaedia Iranica". www.iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 25 March 2018.
Pletneva 1990.
Agajanov 1992, p. 69.
Kimball 1994.
See Agajanov 1992, p. 69 and Kimball 1994
Bosworth 2017.
Ataniyazov, S. The Genealogy of the Turkmens (in Turkmen). Turan-1 Publishing House, Ashgabat, 1994. p. 61

Sources

Agajanov, S. G. (1992). "The States of the Oghuz, the Kimek and the Kipchak". History of Civilizations of Central Asia, Volume IV: The Age of Achievement AD 750 to the End of the Fifteenth Century. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 61–76. ISBN 978-81-208-1595-7.
C. Edmund Bosworth (15 May 2017). The Turks in the Early Islamic World. Taylor & Francis. pp. 192–. ISBN 978-1-351-88087-9.
Pletneva S.A., "Kipchaks", Moscow, "Science", 1990, p. 74, ISBN 5-02-009542-7
Kimball L., "The Vanished Kimak Empire", Western Washington U., 1994, pp. 371–373

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[BoĭkovaRybakov2006-1] Elena Vladimirovna Boĭkova; R. B. Rybakov (2006). Kinship in the Altaic World: Proceedings of the 48th Permanent International Altaistic Conference, Moscow 10-15 July, 2005. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 54–. ISBN 978-3-447-05416-4.

[2] tricpulp.com. "AQ QOYUNLŪ – Encyclopaedia Iranica". www.iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 25 March 2018.

[FOOTNOTEPletneva1990-3] Pletneva 1990.

[FOOTNOTEAgajanov199269-4] Agajanov 1992, p. 69.

[FOOTNOTEKimball1994-5] Kimball 1994.

[6] See Agajanov 1992, p. 69 and Kimball 1994

[FOOTNOTEBosworth2017-7] Bosworth 2017.

[8] Ataniyazov, S. The Genealogy of the Turkmens (in Turkmen). Turan-1 Publishing House, Ashgabat, 1994. p. 61