Bherumal Meharchand Advani

Bherumal Meharchand Advani (1875 or 1876 - 7 July 1950) was an Indian poet and prose writer who wrote in Sindhi. He was also a scholar, educationist, novelist, linguist and historian who authored more than 40 books.[1]

Bherumal Meharchand Advani
Born1875 or 1876
Hyderabad, Bombay Presidency, British India
Died7 July 1950 (aged 74-75)
Pune, Bombay State, India
OccupationScholar, linguist, researcher, historian, poet
NationalityIndian
Alma materUnion Academy Hyderabad, Sindh.
GenreProse, poetry

Biography

He was born in Hyderabad, Sindh (now in Pakistan). The exact date of his birth and even year of birth is not known. It is either 1875[2][3] or 1876.[4][5] His father's name was Meharchand Advani. He studied at Mission School and Union Academy Hyderabad. The Union Academy was founded by Sadhu Navalrai and Heeranand Shaukiram on 28 October 1888.[6] The aim of this school was to impart religious instruction, to spread the knowledge of Sanskrit, and to built up of a sound footing the character of the young generation. At Union Academy he learnt poetry of Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai from the renowned scholars Heeranand and Tarachand Shaukiram. He married three times. From first wife, he did not have any child. From his second marriage, he had one son and one daughter. From his third marriage, he had two daughters.[4]

He started his career as a Distillery Inspector in the Salt Department at Kotri, Sindh. He served in this Department for 28 years.[4] In 1925 he was appointed as a lecturer of Sindhi in D.J. Sindh College, Karachi.[7] Later on, he served as Chairman of Sindhi Department in the same college. He moved to India in 1949 and lived in Pune where he died on 7 July 1950.

Renowned Indian writer Hiro Thakur has written a book on his biography and contributions.[8]

Contributions

He was one of the most influential writers of Sindh during the first half of the 20th century. He is popular as a Dramatist, historian, linguist and poet. He has authored more than 40 books. Some of his most popular books are listed below. A complete list can be found elsewhere.[8]

Dramas/stories

Some of his drama and stories include:[6]

  • Ali Baba aeen Chaleeha Chora (Ali Baba and Forty Thieves), drama, 1903
  • Anand Sunrika, novel, 1910
  • Azadeea ji Kodi, translated novel
  • Bazaziun Jo Natak (Drama of cloth venders), drama, 1921
  • Bulbul Beemar (Sick Nightingale), drama, 1902
  • Golan Ja Goondar, translated novel, 1926
  • Gopi Chand, novel
  • Hiris Jo Shikar (Greedy), translation of Shakespeare's King John, 1916
  • Mohni Bai, novel
  • Muris ji Mursi, drama, 1925
  • Tilsam, translated novel, 1927
  • Varial aeen Naimat (Varial and Naimat), novel, 1910
  • Wado Pangati Muqadmu (Great Social Trial), drama 1925

Histories

His most popular books on history include:

  • Amilan jo Ahwal (A History of the Amils)[9]
  • Hindustan Ji Tareekh (A History of India), 1909
  • Qadeem Sindh (Ancient Sindh), 1944[10]
  • Sindh jay Hinduan ji Tareekh (History of Sindhi Hindus),[11] Part I & II 1946 & 1947
  • Sodhan ji Sahibi or Ranan Jo Raj (Rule of Sodhas and Reign of Ranas), 1924

Linguistic

He was a lover of Sindhi language, grammar and of social sciences. He was also well versed in Sanskrit, Arabic and Persian. As a language expert and grammarian, he authored many books including the following:[12]

  • Alif Bay Keenan Thahi (How did alphabet come into being), 1925
  • Ghareeb-ul-Lughat (Dictionary of Sindhi), 1907
  • Gulqand - Part I & II 1940 & 1945[13]
  • Pahakan Ji Peerih
  • Rītun ain Rasman jo buniyādu (Origin of Rituals and Customs)[14]
  • Sindhi Boli (Sindhi Language), 1925
  • Sindhi Bolia Ji Tareekh (History of Sindhi Language)[15]
  • Wado Sindhi Waya Karan (Advanced Sindhi Grammar), 1925

Poetry

He named himself as "Gharib" (Humble) in his poetry. His poetry may be divided into two parts: for children and for adults. One of his poetry collection for children Gulzar-e-Nazem (Garden of Poetry) was published in 1926.

Latifiyat

He was master of the poetry of Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai, the greatest Sufi poet of Sindh. His book Latifi Sair (Latif's Travel, 1929)[16] is a masterpiece in which he had depicted in detail Shah Latif's travel to Hinglaj and back to Girnar and Thar. His other books on the poetry of Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai include:

Other books

Advani authored and compiled a number of other books which include the following:

  • Bahar-e-Naser[18]
  • Chund Kalam: Shah, Sami, Sachal, Dilpat, Bedil, Bekus, Ruhal ain Deewan-i Gulaman Cunda[19]
  • Dey ain Wath[20]
  • Gulzar-e-Naser: Selection from modern prose[21]
  • Mahan-jo-Daro, one of the most ancient sites of the East which has aroused world-wide interest[22]
  • Sindh ain Sindhi[23]
  • Sindh Jo Sailani[24]

References
  1. Memon, Muhammad Saleem (2017). "ڪاڪو ڀيرومل مهرچند آڏواڻي (سنڌي ادب جو هڪ وساريل ورق)" (PDF). Kalachi Research Journal. Karachi University. 20 (2): 45–56.
  2. Prem, Dr Hidayat (2007). سنڌي ٻوليءَ جا محقق ۽ انهن جي تحقيق (Sindhi Language Researchers and their Research). Hyderabad: Sindhi Language Authority. p. 5.
  3. Garg, Ganga Ram (1992). Encyclopedia of the Hindu World, Volume I. New Delhi, India: Concept Publishing Company. p. 183. ISBN 81-7022-374-1.
  4. Hakro, Anwer Figar (2001). "غريب جي سخنوري (ڀيرومل مهرچند آڏواڻيءَ جي شاعري)". Mehran. Sindhi Adabi Board. 51 (3&4): 11.
  5. Allana, Dr Ghulam Ali (1977). سنڌي نثر جي تاريخ. Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan: Zeb Adabi Markaz. p. 186.
  6. Datta, Amaresh (1988). Encyclopedia of Indian Lirerature. New Delhi: South Asia Books. pp. 86–87. ISBN 978-8172016494.
  7. Girami, Ghulam Muhammad (1977). Bherumal Maherchand Advani. In ويا سي وينجهار. Jamshoro, Sindh: Sindhi Adabi Board. p. 02.
  8. Thakur, Hiro (1990). Bherumal Maherchand, Sindhi Writer. New Delhi, India: Sahitya Akademi. ISBN 8172010389.
  9. "Amilan-jo-Ahwal (A history of the Amils)". www.saibaba-fund.org. Retrieved 22 April 2020.
  10. Advani, Bherumal Maherchand (2004). قديم سنڌ (The Ancient Sindh). Jamshoro: Sindhi Adabi Board.
  11. Das, Sisir Kumar (2006); History of Indian Literature: 1911-1956, pp. 803, Sahitya Akademi, New Delhi
  12. Pirzado, Anwer (2009). Sindhi Language and Literature - A Brief Account. Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan: Sindhi Language Authority. p. 33.
  13. Advani, Bherumal Maherchand (1931). Gulqandu : Sindhī pahāk̄ā ʻain iṣt̤alāḥ samjhāṇīʼa sametu. Karachi, Sindh. OCLC 500014044.
  14. Ād̤vāṇī, Bherūmalu Mahircand (1918). Rītun ʻain rasman jo buniyādu (in Sindhi). Bherumal Meharchand Advani.
  15. Advani, Bherumal Maherchand (1956). Sindhī b̤olī unna jī tārīk̲h̲. Hyderabad: Sindhi Adabi Board. pp. 354 pages. OCLC 498751990.
  16. Culture, Tourism, Antiquities & Archive Department. Culture, Tourism & Antiquities Department | Book | لطيفي سئر. Government of Sindh.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  17. Advani, Bherumal Maherchand (1995). Gurbukshania varo Shah jo Risalo Unknown Binding. Roshni Publication.
  18. "Bahār-i nas̲aru = choicest selections from modern prose / muʾallifu, Bherūmalu Mahircandu Ād̤vāṇī. - British Library". explore.bl.uk. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  19. Advani, Bherumal Maherchand (1928). Cunḍa kalām : Shāhu, Sāmī, Saccalu, Dilpatu, Bedil Bekasu, Rūḥalu ʻain Dīvān-i Gula mān cunḍa. Karachi, Sindh. pp. 96 pages. OCLC 499756004.
  20. "D̤e ʿain vaṭhu / ṭhāhiyalu, Bherūmalu Maharcandu Ād̤vāṇī. - British Library". explore.bl.uk. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  21. Advani, B.M. (1929). Gulzār-i nas̲aru : choicest selections from modern prose. Karachi, Sindh. OCLC 499740269.
  22. Advani, Behumal Maherchand (1933). Mahan-jo-Daro, one of the most ancient sites of the East which has aroused world-wide interest. pp. 93 pages.
  23. "Sindhu ʿain Sindhī / Bherūmalu Mahircand Ād̤vāṇī. - British Library". explore.bl.uk. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  24. "Sindhu jo selānī / muṣannifu, Bherūmalu Mahircandu. Phāṅo pahriyon. - British Library". explore.bl.uk. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
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