C. D. Howe Institute

The C. D. Howe Institute (French: Institut C. D. Howe) is a Canadian nonprofit policy research organization[2] in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The Institute is supported by membership fees paid by corporations as well as individuals in the business, professional and academic fields. As a registered charity, membership fees are eligible for tax refunds from the government of Canada. It is located in the Trader's Bank Building in downtown Toronto.

MottoEssential Policy Intelligence
Formation1958
TypePublic policy think tank, charity
Headquarters67 Yonge Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Key people
William B.P. Robson[1]
President and chief executive officer
Websitewww.cdhowe.org

The institute publishes research that is national in scope and hosts events across Canada on a wide variety of issues in economic and social policy. As a non-profit, politically independent organization, its official mandate is to improve the standard of living for Canadians through public policy solutions.[3]

Institute

The C. D. Howe Institute's origins go back to Montreal in 1958 when a group of prominent business and labour leaders organized the Private Planning Association of Canada (PPAC) to research and promote educational activities on issues related to public economic policy. In 1973, the PPAC's assets and activities became part of the C. D. Howe Memorial Foundation, created in 1961 to memorialize the late Right Honourable Clarence Decatur Howe. The new organization operated as the C. D. Howe Research Institute until 1982, when the Memorial Foundation chose to focus directly on memorializing C. D. Howe; the institute then adopted its current name: the C. D. Howe Institute.[4]

The institute's research has been cited by Liberal,[5] New Democrat[6] and Conservative[7] members of parliament. The media has described the institute as a centrist,[8] Right-wing[9] , conservative,[10][11][12] non-partisan,[13][14][15][16] think tank. It has a history of publishing research on both sides of the ideological spectrum, provided it is supported with empirical evidence.[17] It has been described as having a "deep intellectual grounding to its public-policy approach".[18]

The institute derives the majority of its funding from membership fees paid by corporations as well as individuals in the business, professional and academic fields.[19]

The institute has had considerable impact on Canadian public policy. Institute policy work has laid the intellectual groundwork in such areas as these:

  • The development of free trade;
  • The development of rigorous inflation targets and related monetary policy;
  • The reform of the Canada and Quebec Pension Plans;
  • Lower corporate tax rates;[20]
  • The development of the Tax-Free Savings Account (TFSA).[21]

Research
The C. D. Howe Institute's national offices at 67 Yonge Street, Toronto
The C. D. Howe Institute's groundbreaking study of immigration policy reform entitled "Toward Improving Canada's Skilled Immigration Policy: An Evaluation Approach", by Charles M. Beach, Alan G. Green and Christopher Worswick won the 2012 Doug Purvis Memorial Prize.

The institute publishes over 60 research reports per year.[22]

Major areas of policy research are:

  • Business Cycle[23]
  • Demographics and Immigration[24]
  • Education, Skills and Labour Market[25]
  • Energy and Natural Resources[26]
  • Financial Services and Regulation[27]
  • Fiscal and Tax Policy[28]
  • Health Policy[29]
  • Industry Regulation and Competition Policy[30]
  • Innovation and Business Growth[31]
  • Monetary Policy[32]
  • Public Governance and Accountability[33]
  • Public Investments and Infrastructure[34]
  • Retirement Saving and Income[35]
  • Trade and International Policy[36]

Researchers

Over 100 economists and academics contribute to the research program. Notable researchers (past and present) include:

  • Richard Blundell, professor, Department of Economics, University College London
  • Marcel Boyer, professor emeritus of industrial economics, Université de Montréal
  • Willem Buiter, chief economist, Citigroup Centre
  • Marshall A. Cohen, past Deputy Canadian Minister of Finance, honorary director of C. D. Howe Institute
  • John Crow, former governor of the Bank of Canada
  • Janet Currie, Henry Putnam Prof. of Economics & Public Affairs, Princeton University
  • David A. Dodge, former governor of the Bank of Canada
  • Don Drummond (economist), Stauffer-Dunning Fellow, School of Policy Studies, Queen's University
  • Ivan Fellegi, former Chief Statistician of Canada and senior fellow, C. D. Howe Institute
  • Konrad von Finckenstein, former chairman of the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) and senior fellow, C. D. Howe Institute
  • Claude Forget, former Minister of Health, Quebec
  • Peter Howitt, Lyn Crost Professor of Social Sciences, Brown University; C. D. Howe Institute Academic Adviser on Economic Growth and Innovation
  • David Laidler, emeritus professor, Department of Economics, University of Western Ontario
  • John McCallum, Minister of Immigration, Citizenship and Refugees
  • Robert Mundell, Nobel Prize-winning professor of economics at Columbia University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong
  • Sylvia Ostry, former Chief Statistician of Canada and former head of the Department of Economics and Statistics of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
  • Christoper Ragan, associate professor, McGill University
  • Grant Reuber, senior fellow, C. D. Howe Institute
  • John Richards, professor, School of Public Policy, Simon Fraser University; Roger Phillips Scholar of Social Policy, C. D. Howe Institute
  • William B. P. Robson, chief executive officer, C. D. Howe Institute
  • Marshall Rothstein, former Puisne Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada
  • Robert J. Shiller, Nobel Prize-winning professor at Yale University
  • Joel Slemrod, Paul W. McCracken Collegiate Professor of Business Economics and Public Policy, University of Michigan
  • John Stackhouse, former editor-in-chief of The Globe and Mail, and senior fellow, C. D. Howe Institute
  • Gordon Thiessen, former governor of the Bank of Canada
  • Howard Wetston, former chair & CEO, Ontario Securities Commission and senior fellow, C. D. Howe Institute
  • Lawrence J. White, deputy chair, Economics, New York University
  • Jean-Yves Duclos, Minister of Families, Children and Social Development

Recent research
  • Business Cycle – "Mortgage Insurance as a Macroprudential Tool: Dealing with the Risk of a Housing Market Crash in Canada"
  • Demographics and Immigration – " The Benefits of Hindsight: Lessons from the QPP for Other Pension Plans"
  • Education, Skills and Labour Market – "What to Do about Canada's Declining Math Scores"
  • Fiscal and Tax Policy – "By the Numbers: The Fiscal Accountability of Canada's Senior Governments, 2015"
  • Innovation and Business Growth – "Simplifying the Rule Book: a Proposal to Reform and Clarify Canada's Policy on Inward Foreign Direct Investment"

Events

The institute hosts public policy roundtables and conferences featuring prominent Canadian and International policymakers, business leaders and public servants. The institute holds over 80 events per year.[22]

Past speakers include political leaders (including two current or former Prime Ministers), policy makers, business leaders and senior diplomats.[37]

  • Members of the institute attend the 2012 Benefactors Lecture, featuring Charles Evans, president and CEO of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
  • Former Bank of Canada Governors John Crow, Gordon Thiessen and David Dodge standing alongside William Robson, president and CEO of the C. D. Howe Institute, and Ross Hornby, former Canadian ambassador to the European Union.
  • Former prime minister of Canada, Stephen Harper, participates in a public policy roundtable at the C. D. Howe Institute.
  • Former prime minister of Canada, Paul Martin, standing with former chairman of the C. D. Howe Institute, Bill Morneau.

Awards

Five Institute publications have won the Doug Purvis Memorial Prize, which is awarded annually by the Canadian Economics Association[38] to the authors of a highly significant written contribution to Canadian economic policy.[39] One Institute publication received the Donner Prize (three were runners-up),[40] which is awarded annually by the Donner Canadian Foundation for the best public policy book by a Canadian.[41]

References
  1. "William B.P. Robson. Chief Executive Officer". Cdhowe.org. Retrieved 2011-06-30.
  2. "C. D. Howe Institute". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved 14 September 2014.
  3. "About the C. D. Howe Institute". cdhowe.org. Archived from the original on 2012-07-29. Retrieved 2012-07-29.
  4. "History". C. D. Howe Institute.
  5. "41st PARLIAMENT, 2nd SESSION". Parliament of Canada. Government of Canada. Retrieved 12 May 2015.
  6. "41st PARLIAMENT, 1st SESSION". Parliament of Canada. Government of Canada. Retrieved 12 May 2015.
  7. "41st PARLIAMENT, 1st SESSION". Parliament of Canada. Government of Canada.
  8. Craig, Sean. "'No Netflix tax', but the future of Cancon is up for debate, says heritage minister Melanie Joly". Financial Post. Financial Post. Retrieved 5 July 2016.
  9. MacRae, Gavin. "Whose Canada Infrastructure Bank?". Watershed Sentinel. Retrieved 2020-06-10.
  10. Thunert, Martin (Feb 28, 2003). "Conservative Think Tanks in the United States and Canada". In Schultze, Rainer-Olaf; Sturm, Roland; Eberle, Dagmar (eds.). Conservative Parties and Right-Wing Politics in North America: Reaping the Benefits of an Ideological Victory?. Springer-Verlag. p. 235. ISBN 3810038121.
  11. Raj, Althia (February 24, 2014). "Bill Morneau, Chair Of C. D. Howe Institute, Steps Down After Partisan Speech To Liberals". The Huffington Post Canada. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  12. Stafford, Brent (April 1997). "Think tanks in the news". NewsWatch Canada. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  13. "Temporary Foreign Worker Program linked to joblessness: report". CBC. CBC. Retrieved 22 December 2014.
  14. Elliot, Howard. The Hamilton Spectator. The Hamilton Spectator http://www.thespec.com/opinion-story/4768117-the-spectator-s-view-evidence-ideology-and-alcohol-sales/. Retrieved 26 January 2015. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  15. Keller, James. "Foreign worker debate continues in B.C." Global News. Canadian Press. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
  16. Dehass, Josh. "Ever heard of these big student tax breaks?". Maclean's. Maclean's. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
  17. Gerson, Jen. "Your think-tank lineup card: Who are these groups that hold so much sway over policy?". National Post. National Post. Retrieved 22 December 2014.
  18. Parkinson, David. "Steep learning curve ahead for Morneau". Globe and Mail. Globe and Mail. Retrieved 4 November 2015.
  19. "C. D. Howe Institute". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved 14 September 2014.
  20. "C. D. Howe Institute Commentary – 2007 Tax Competitiveness Report" (PDF). The C. D. Howe Institute. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 June 2013. Retrieved 20 September 2014.
  21. "Policy Impact". C. D. Howe Institute. Retrieved 28 August 2014.
  22. "C. D. Howe Institute 2013 Annual Report" (PDF). www.cdhowe.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 September 2014. Retrieved 28 August 2014.
  23. https://www.cdhowe.org/research-main-categories/business-cycle. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  24. https://www.cdhowe.org/research-main-categories/demographics-and-immigration. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  25. [Education, Skills and Labour Market Education, Skills and Labour Market] Check |url= value (help). Missing or empty |title= (help)
  26. "Energy and Natural Resources".
  27. "Financial Services and Regulation".
  28. "Fiscal and Tax Policy".
  29. "Health Policy".
  30. "Industry Regulation and Competition Policy".
  31. "Innovation and Business Growth".
  32. https://www.cdhowe.org/research-main-categories/monetary-policy. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  33. "Public Governance and Accountability".
  34. "Public Investments and Infrastructure".
  35. "Retirement Saving and Income".
  36. "Trade and International Policy".
  37. "Past Speakers and Events". www.cdhowe.org. C.D. Howe Institute. Retrieved 28 August 2014.
  38. "About CEA". Canadian Economics Association. Archived from the original on 21 October 2016. Retrieved 22 December 2014.
  39. Canadian Economics Association. "Doug Purvis Memorial Prize". Retrieved 2021-02-02.
  40. "Past Winners". The Donner Prize. Archived from the original on 2014-09-16. Retrieved 2014-08-28.
  41. "The Donner Prize". Retrieved 28 August 2014.
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