Causeway Bay Books

Causeway Bay Books (銅鑼灣書店) is an independent bookstore in Taipei, Taiwan which until December 2015 was an upstairs bookstore located in Causeway Bay, Hong Kong.[1][2] The first bookstore in Hong Kong was popular with tourists from mainland China looking for books on Chinese politics and politicians which were not available in mainland China. In late 2015, five people associated with the store disappeared, sparking international concern.[3][4][5] The first bookstore closed after the disappearance of its last staff member, Lee Bo, in December 2015. A second version of the bookstore was opened by Lam Wing-kee in Taipei, Taiwan in April 2020.[6]

The first bookstore (1994-2015) at 531 Lockhart Road, Causeway Bay
Showcase at street level
Stairwell with bookstore posters
The first bookstore’s gate was drawn in December 2015 after the disappearance of its last staff member, Lee Bo. This site has since been abandoned.
Causeway Bay Books
Traditional Chinese銅鑼灣書店
Simplified Chinese铜锣湾书店

First bookstore in Hong Kong

The first version of the bookstore in Hong Kong was founded in 1994 by Lam Wing-kee. Located on Hong Kong Island on the second floor of 531 Lockhart Road, Causeway Bay, the first bookstore occupied an area of nearly 300 square feet (28 m2).[1] In addition to general literary history books, the first bookstore also sold books on topics that are considered sensitive and therefore banned in China.[7] Many mainland Chinese people that came to Hong Kong as tourists made a special trip to the bookstore to purchase books on politics.[8]

In 2014, Lam Wing-kee sold the first bookstore to Mighty Current Media Ltd., but stayed on as its manager. From September 2014, the company had three shareholders: Gui Minhai (34%), Sophie Choi (34%) and Lui Bo (32%).[9] According to industry sources, Mighty Current is a prolific publisher with a number of publishing subsidiaries, and this group may be responsible for 30 to 60 percent of the output of salacious books about Chinese political figures that are widely available at newsstands and book stores, including one at Hong Kong International Airport.[10]

2015 Disappearances at the first bookstore
Main article: Causeway Bay Books disappearances

In 2015, major figures associated to the first bookstore disappeared, with some later confirmed to have been abducted by the Chinese government.

  • Lui Bo (呂波, born 1970), the manager and one of the three shareholders of Mighty Current, whose last known location was in the bookstore. On 14 October 2015, he logged in for the last time onto the bookstore computer. Unconfirmed sources state that he was taken away from his wife's home in Shenzhen.[11]
  • Gui Minhai (桂民海, born 1966), a Swedish national and one of the three shareholders of Mighty Current,[11] was taken away from his home in Pattaya, Thailand by an unknown man on 17 October 2015.[12][13] Gui had written some 200 books during his ten years as author/publisher.[14] He was last heard from on 6 November when he called his wife to tell her that he was safe but was unwilling to reveal his whereabouts.[15] Gui's family contacted the Swedish embassy, and the Swedish police filed a report through Interpol.[14] The Thai authorities have no record of him leaving the country.[16]
According to Bei Ling, there were rumours that a book was the main reason of Gui's disappearance.[17] Lee Bo thought so too.[18] The publication is an e-book entitled Xi Jinping and his Mistresses.[19] There are two versions, the first version has 135 pages, the second version has 155 pages. They are published at the end of January and the start of February 2016.[20][21]
  • Lam Wing-kee (林榮基, born 1955), the founder of Causeway Bay Books, went missing on 24 October 2015.[22] He habitually spent long hours at the bookshop and occasionally slept there.[23] According to Lam, he went across the border to Shenzhen, where he was abducted by mainland Police, blindfolded and interrogated for months.[24] His wife filed a missing persons report with the police on 5 November and his family received a telephone call from him several hours later;[23] Lam returned to Hong Kong from the mainland eight months after he disappeared and immediately went to the police station to cancel his missing person's report, refusing all other comment.[25] Three days later, on the day he was due to return to the mainland, he held a press briefing during which he claimed that he was detained by the mainland officials at the Hong Kong-China border control in Shenzhen on 24 October 2015.[26] Without being told what offence he had committed, he was stripped of his rights of access to a lawyer and to inform family members of his detention and taken to Ningbo and held under 24-hour guard by the Central Task Force, which reports to central leadership.[27][28][29] After March 2016, Lam was transferred to Shaoguan, where he worked in a library, but he was prevented from leaving the mainland.[29][30] In June 2016, he was given permission to return to Hong Kong so he could collect a hard drive containing information of the bookstore’s customers. However, he used the opportunity to flee mainland Chinese custody and publicly announced details of how he had been abducted.[24] He also stated that his confession on mainland TV in February 2016 was scripted, and that Lee Bo's televised confession was similarly forced.[26][29] In April 2019, Lam moved to Taiwan over the possibility at the time he could be extradited to mainland China, due to the proposal of a now-withdrawn extradition bill.[24]
  • Cheung Jiping (張志平, born 1983), a manager of Mighty Current, was taken away from his wife's home in Fenggang, Dongguan by at least a dozen men in plainclothes.[11]
  • Lee Bo (aka Paul Lee, 李波, born 1950),[31] a British citizen and the husband of Sophie Choi, who is in turn one of the three shareholders of Mighty Current.[11] Lee regularly helped out in the bookstore. Lee worked at Joint Publishing until he started at the bookstore.[32] Since the disappearances of four of his colleagues, he had been doing anonymous interviews with BBC and various media. Lee was last seen on 30 December 2015, while delivering books in Chai Wan to a certain unknown client.[33] Choi, who had been expecting Lee home for dinner at around 7.15 pm on 30 December, raised the alarm when he failed to return home.[34][35][36] After he, the first bookstore’s last staff member, disappeared, the first version of the bookstore shut down.

FCO report to UK Parliament

In its semi-annual report on Hong Kong for the second half of 2015, the British Foreign Secretary said: "The unexplained disappearance of five individuals associated with a Hong Kong bookstore and publishing house has raised questions in Hong Kong. I am particularly concerned by the situation of Mr Lee Po, a British citizen. The full facts of the case remain unclear, but our current information indicates that Mr Lee was involuntarily removed to the mainland without any due process under Hong Kong SAR law. This constitutes a serious breach of the Sino-British Joint Declaration on Hong Kong and undermines the principle of “One Country, Two Systems” which assures Hong Kong residents of the protection of the Hong Kong legal system. We have called, in our contacts with the Chinese government at the highest level, for Mr Lee's immediate return to Hong Kong. We urge the Chinese and Hong Kong SAR governments to reassure the people of Hong Kong that law enforcement in the Hong Kong SAR is exclusively the responsibility of the Hong Kong SAR authorities, and that the fundamental rights and freedoms of Hong Kong residents will continue to be fully protected, and respected by all, in accordance with the Joint Declaration and Basic Law."[37][38]

Destruction of first bookstore’s stocks

Up until the disappearances, the first bookstore maintained a stock of books for sale – in excess of 100,000 units – in two warehouses. One of the warehouses, containing some 45,000 books, was emptied according to the instructions of shareholder Sophie Choi, and one helper at the bookshop said that Choi ordered the stock destroyed in the hope that the return of Lee Bo, her husband, would be expedited.[39]

Second bookstore in Taipei

Lam Wing-kee opened a second version of the bookstore in Taipei, Taiwan, which opened on 25 April 2020.,[24][6] located on the 10th floor of a commercial building near the Zhongshan metro station. A few days earlier on 20 April, a company accused Lam of infringing on their trademark on the Chinese name for the bookstore (銅鑼灣書店), which Lam claimed was a fake bookstore opened elsewhere in Taipei to target his. On 21 April, Lam was splashed with red paint and three suspects were arrested the next day.[40] President Tsai Ing-wen sent flowers and a congratulatory note on the day of the Taipei bookshop's opening,[41] and Legislative Yuan speaker You Si-kun and Democratic Progressive Party secretary-general Luo Wen-jia were in attendance.[42]

References
  1. 港專社會科學研究中心 (2014). "《樓上書店》" (PDF).
  2. 紫荊 (in Chinese). 串智有限公司. 2007. p. 27. 香港的三條主要書店街旺角西洋菜街、銅鑼湾 5000 背後的駱克道、中環街巿的域 多利皇後街,都有這些銷售內地圆書的"樓上書店"。如時代廣場對面的"人民書店" , 銅鑼湾 8000 背後的"銅鑼灣書店"、"尚書房"、"大陸書店"、"國風堂"、"文星"等等。
  3. 蔡晓颖 (2 January 2016). "香港书店股东失踪：政务司司长称警方已在调查". BBC中文网. Archived from the original on 4 January 2016. Retrieved 3 January 2016.
  4. Zeng, Vivienne (8 January 2016). "The curious tale of five missing publishers in Hong Kong". Hong Kong Free Press.
  5. "不理會央視桂民海片段 瑞典政府堅持尋真相". Apple Daily (in Chinese). 19 January 2016. Archived from the original on 29 January 2017. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  6. Chang, Shu-lin; Ko, Lin (12 April 2020). "Hong Kong's Causeway Bay Books to reopen in Taipei April 25". Central News Agency. Retrieved 23 April 2020.
  7. "銅鑼灣書店老闆失蹤 女兒收父奇怪短訊". Apple Daily (in Chinese). 15 November 2015. Archived from the original on 4 January 2016. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
  8. "【話你知】銅鑼灣書店多售政治八卦書". Apple Daily (in Chinese). 31 December 2015. Archived from the original on 4 January 2016. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
  9. "專訪失蹤書商妻子：疑被擄到內地，回鄉證在香港家中抽屜". 端傳媒. 2 January 2016. Archived from the original on 4 January 2016. Retrieved 3 January 2016.
  10. "Disappearance of 5 Tied to Publisher Prompts Broader Worries in Hong Kong". The New York Times. 5 January 2016.
  11. "香港禁書書店老闆「被消失」奇案". The Initium. 10 November 2015. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
  12. "桂民海發神秘訊息予女　員工料失蹤或因新書". Oriental Daily (in Chinese). 14 November 2015. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
  13. "銅鑼灣書店東主失蹤後　曾有四人搜掠其住所　BBC：桂民海擬出版習近平內幕書" (in Chinese). The Stand News. 13 November 2015. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
  14. Oliver Holmes (8 December 2015). "Gui Minhai: the strange disappearance of a publisher who riled China's elite". The Guardian.
  15. "【書店5人失蹤】巨流傳媒瑞典籍股東桂民海疑泰國失蹤　瑞典外交部：嚴正看待". Ming Pao (in Chinese). 5 January 2016. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
  16. "Thai authorities investigating case of missing bookseller Gui Minhai after it emerges there is no record of him leaving Thailand". South China Morning Post.
  17. "Disappearance of 5 Tied to Publisher Prompts Broader Worries in Hong Kong". The New York Times. 5 January 2016. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  18. Ilaria Maria Sala (5 January 2016). "'Smear campaign' against Chinese president linked to disappearance of Hong Kong booksellers". The Guardian. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  19. 偽造習情人書反覆騙錢. 內幕. 22 February 2016.
  20. 常博洋 (25 January 2016). "习近平与他的情人们: 铜锣湾书店的滑铁卢之书". China Independent Writers Publishing Inc. – via Google Books.
  21. 西诺 (2 February 2016). "习近平与他的情人们: 一本令铜锣湾书店遭受滑铁卢之书". Uniepress INC. – via Google Books.
  22. "基於私隱條例入境處拒透露林榮基有否離境" (in Chinese). RTHK. 6 January 2016. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
  23. "林榮基子：警拒透露父離境紀錄 警曾稱林已報平安不再查 「好似唔想跟」". Ming Pao (in Chinese). 6 January 2016.
  24. "Hong Kong bookseller Lam Wing-kee who fled to Taiwan says he's ready to reopen in Taipei".
  25. "Eight months on, fourth bookseller finally allowed to return to Hong Kong". South China Morning Post.
  26. Ng, Kang-chung; Fung, Owen (16 June 2016). "Bookseller Lam Wing-kee details his detention on mainland, claims Lee Po told him he was "taken away from Hong Kong"". South China Morning Post.
  27. "【書商失蹤】中央專案組為中共高層親兵 始於文革 主責特別任務". 香港01. 16 June 2016.
  28. "新聞百科：中央專案組極秘密　權力凌駕公檢法".
  29. "林榮基證李波在港被捉走 感激港人上街聲援". 香港01. 16 June 2016.
  30. "Returned bookseller says he was detained by 'special unit' in China, TV 'confession' was scripted". 16 June 2016.
  31. "UK asks China what it knows of missing Hong Kong Briton". BBC News. 5 January 2016.
  32. Cheng, Kris (11 January 2016). "Missing bookseller's wife's column in pro-Beijing newspaper suspended". Hong Kong Free Press.
  33. "香港書店股東失蹤：政務司司長稱警方已在調查" (in Chinese). BBC. 2 January 2016. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
  34. "【李波被綁架】疑早有伏線 出事當晚妻接兩通神秘電話". Apple Daily (in Chinese). 1 January 2016.
  35. "Missing Hong Kong bookseller 'assisting in investigation': wife". Hong Kong Free Press. Agence France-Presse. 3 January 2016.
  36. "The 'unprecedented' case of the missing Hong Kong bookseller". BBC News. 4 January 2016.
  37. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/499940/The_Six_Monthly_Report_on_Hong_Kong_-_1_July_to_31_December_2015.pdf
  38. "英外相發表報告：李波被非自願遣送中國　聯絡北京最高層促放人 | 立場報道 | 立場新聞".
  39. "At least 45,000 banned books were destroyed, says last person to work at Causeway Bay Books".
  40. Huang Li-yun; Lo Lin; Evelyn Kao (22 April 2020). "Three arrested for attack on Hong Kong bookseller - Focus Taiwan". focustaiwan.tw.
  41. Lee, Yimou (25 April 2020). "Taiwan shows solidarity as bookseller who fled Hong Kong opens shop". Reuters. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
  42. Lim, Emerson; Miao, Chung-han (25 April 2020). "HK bookstore selling books critical of Beijing reopens in Taipei (with video)". Central News Agency. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
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