Chilean icebreaker Almirante Óscar Viel

Almirante Óscar Viel[1] is an icebreaker in service with the Chilean Navy since 1995. Originally in service with the Canadian Coast Guard as CCGS Norman McLeod Rogers, it was named for former Canadian Member of Parliament and cabinet minister Norman McLeod Rogers (1894–1940). It is currently named for Counter Admiral Óscar Viel y Toro (1837–1892), who was the commander of the Chilean naval forces from 1881–1883 and 1891.

Almirante Óscar Viel along coast of Antarctica.
History
Canada
Name: Norman McLeod Rogers
Namesake: Norman McLeod Rogers
Operator: Canadian Coast Guard
Builder: Vickers Armstrong, Montreal
Launched: 25 May 1968
In service: October 1969
Out of service: 1993
Identification: IMO number: 6822137
Fate: Sold to Chile, 1994
Chile
Name: Almirante Óscar Viel[1]
Namesake: Oscar Viel Toro
Operator: Chilean Navy
Acquired: 20 December 1994
In service: 14 January 1995
Status: Active
General characteristics (as built)
Type: Icebreaker and buoy tender
Tonnage:
Displacement: 6,320 long tons (6,420 t)
Length: 294.9 ft (89.9 m)
Beam: 62.5 ft (19.1 m)
Draught: 20 ft (6.1 m)
Propulsion:
  • CODAG
    • 2 diesel engines and 4 gas turbines, 2 shafts
    • 12,000 shp (8,900 kW)
Speed: 15 knots (28 km/h)
Range: 12,000 nmi (22,000 km) at 12 kn (22 km/h)
Complement: 55
Aircraft carried: 1 helicopter
Aviation facilities: Flight deck

Design and description

Contraalmirante Oscar Viel Toro is 294.9 feet (89.9 m) long overall with a beam of 62.5 feet (19.1 m) and a draught of 20 feet (6.1 m). As built, the ship had a fully loaded displacement of 6,320 long tons (6,420 t), gross register tonnage (GRT) of 4,179, net tonnage of 1,847 and deadweight tonnage (DWT) of 2,347 tons.[2][3]

As built, the vessel was equipped with a CODAG system composed of four diesel engines and two gas turbines powering two electric motors driving two shafts. This created 12,000 shaft horsepower (8,900 kW) and gave the ship a maximum speed of 15 knots (28 km/h). It was the first application of the system in icebreakers in the world.[4] In 1982, the gas turbines were replaced with diesels and the icebreaker's propulsion system is currently four Fairbanks-Morse 38D8-1/8 diesel engines (8,496 hp, 6,335 kW sustained) with four GE generators generating 4.8 megawatts (6,400 hp) and two Ruston RK3CZ diesel engines (7,250 hp, 5,410 kW sustained) with two GE generators generating 2.6 megawatts (3,500 hp) driving two shafts creating 12,000 hp total. The ship maintained the same speed after the alteration and has a range of 12,000 nautical miles (22,000 km) at 12 knots (22 km/h).[2][5]

The ship can operate one helicopter.[4] In Canadian service, the icebreaker had a complement of 55 but after entering Chilean service in 1995, this was reduced to 33.[2][4] Other changes to the ship following the Chilean takeover was the addition of two Oerlikon 20 mm cannon and the operation of the Chilean Navy MBB Bo 105 helicopters.[2]

Service

Canadian Coast Guard

The icebreaker was constructed by Canadian Vickers at their shipyard in Montreal, Quebec with the yard number 289 and was launched on 25 May 1968.[3] Norman McLeod Rogers entered into service with the Canadian Coast Guard in October 1969 for use mainly as an icebreaker but to also tend to the large buoys that were replacing lightships.[4][5]

In 1974, Norman McLeod Rogers performed hydrographic survey work in the Arctic, surveying around Bathurst Island for possible gas pipeline construction.[6] In 1975, while on a scientific mission in Ungava Bay, the icebreaker went to the aid of Aigle d'Ocean, a small cargo ship that overturned in a storm. Norman McLeod Rogers dispatched its helicopter to investigate before arriving on the scene. Contact with the helicopter was soon lost, but the icebreaker arrived at the scene of the sinking merchant vessel in time to rescue five people. A Hercules aircraft was sent to search for the helicopter, which had crashed into a hillside killing both crewmembers.[7]

In 1982, the Coast Guard, unhappy with Norman McLeod Rogers's experimental diesel and gas-powered propulsion system, had the gas turbines removed and diesel engines put in their place. Norman McLeod Rogers was transferred to the West Coast of Canada in 1990.[5] The ship was placed in reserve soon after and transferred to Crown Assets Distribution for disposal in 1994. The ship was renamed 1220 in 1994 before being sold to the Chilean Navy on 20 December 1994.[3][1]

Chilean Navy

The ship entered into service with the Chilean Navy on 14 January 1995.[1] The icebreaker was renamed Almirante Óscar Viel[1] and was placed into service as a replacement for the discarded Piloto Pardo.[2] The ship's primary use with the Chilean Navy is as the Antarctic patrol and survey ship, making its first patrol in Antarctica in 1995.[1][2]

References

Notes
  1. "AP-46 "Almirante Oscar Viel"". Armada de Chile (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 September 2014.
  2. Saunders, p. 110
  3. "Norman McLeod Rogers (6822137)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
  4. Moore, p. 85
  5. Maginley and Collin, p. 153
  6. Maginley, p. 124
  7. Maginley, pp. 142–143

Sources
  • Maginley, Charles D. (2003). The Canadian Coast Guard 1962–2002. St. Catharines, Ontario: Vanwell Publishing Limited. ISBN 1-55125-075-6.
  • Maginley, Charles D. & Collin, Bernard (2001). The Ships of Canada's Marine Services. St. Catharines, Ontario: Vanwell Publishing Limited. ISBN 1-55125-070-5.
  • Moore, John, ed. (1981). Jane's Fighting Ships 1981–82. New York: Jane's Publishing Incorporated. ISBN 0-531-03977-3.
  • Saunders, Stephen, ed. (2004). Jane's Fighting Ships 2004–2005. Alexandria, Virginia: Jane's Information Group. ISBN 0-7106-2623-1.


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