Coleman v. Tollefson

Coleman, aka Coleman-Bey v. Tollefson et al.
Coleman, aka Coleman-Bey v. Tollefson et al.
	Supreme Court of the United States
Argued February 23, 2015; Decided May 18, 2015
Full case name	Andre Lee Coleman, aka Andre Lee Coleman-Bey, Petitioner v. Todd Tollefson et al.
Docket no.	13-1333
Citations	575 U.S. ___ (more) 135 S. Ct. 1759; 191 L. Ed. 2d 803
Opinion announcement	Opinion announcement
Case history
Prior	733 F.3d 175 (6th Cir. 2013); cert. granted, 135 S. Ct. 43 (2014).
Holding
	28 U.S.C. § 1915(g) prevents prisoners from proceeding in forma pauperis if three previous lawsuits have been dismissed on the grounds that it is frivolous, malicious, or fails to state a claim upon which relief may be granted, even if an appeal is pending for one of those suits.
Court membership
	Chief Justice John Roberts Associate Justices Antonin Scalia · Anthony Kennedy; Clarence Thomas · Ruth Bader Ginsburg; Stephen Breyer · Samuel Alito; Sonia Sotomayor · Elena Kagan
Case opinion
Majority	Breyer, joined by unanimous
Laws applied
	28 U.S.C. § 1915

Coleman v. Tollefson, 575 U.S. ___ (2015), is a United States Supreme Court case dealing with a prisoner's inability to file lawsuits in forma pauperis after filing 3 lawsuits which are dismissed because they are "frivolous, malicious, or [fail] to state a claim upon which relief may be granted."[1]

Background

28 U.S.C. § 1915[2] allows federal litigants who are too poor to pay court fees to proceed in forma pauperis, allowing them to file without prepaying court costs. § 1915(g)[3] provides an exception for prisoners who have "on 3 or more occasions, while incarcerated..., brought an action or appeal in a court of the United States that was dismissed on the grounds that it is frivolous, malicious, or fails to state a claim upon which relief may be granted." Coleman was a prisoner who had 3 actions dismissed by a Federal Court on those grounds, and while his appeal of the third was pending, filed four new federal lawsuits. Coleman's motion to proceed in forma pauperis was denied on the basis of §1915(g), and Coleman appealed on the basis that the third dismissal did not count because his appeal of it was pending. The decision to deny Coleman's in forma pauperis motion was affirmed by the District Court, and the Sixth Circuit.[4] Coleman appealed to the United States Supreme Court, who granted certiorari, referring to Henslee v. Keller,[5] which lists (and agrees with) seven other circuit courts who disagreed with the Sixth Circuit.

Opinion of the Court

The Supreme Court affirmed the Sixth Circuit's decision, stating that a dismissal counts "even if the dismissal is the subject of an appeal". The court acknowledged the risk that a prisoner might be wronged deprived of in forma pauperis status for lawsuits filed after a third dismissal but before reversal of said dismissal on appeal. However, the court considers this risk minor because the Solicitor General could only find two cases where an Court of Appeals reversed a prisoner's third dismissal by a District Court. Coleman also presents the hypothetical situation where in forma pauperis status is denied for an appeal of the third dismissal because of the third dismissal, stating that such a situation would be unfair. Although the Solicitor General (arguing on behalf of the government) agreed with Coleman regarding this point, the Supreme Court declined on decide on the point, stating that if "the situation Coleman hypothesizes does arise, the courts can consider the problem in context."

References

Coleman v. Tollefson, No. 13-1333, 575 U.S. ___ (2015).
28 U.S.C. § 1915.
28 U.S.C. § 1915. The full text of 28 U.S.C. § 1915(g) is "In no event shall a prisoner bring a civil action or appeal a judgment in a civil action or proceeding under this section if the prisoner has, on 3 or more prior occasions, while incarcerated or detained in any facility, brought an action or appeal in a court of the United States that was dismissed on the grounds that it is frivolous, malicious, or fails to state a claim upon which relief may be granted, unless the prisoner is under imminent danger of serious physical injury."
Coleman v. Tollefson, 733 F.3d 175 (6th Cir. 2013).
Henslee v. Keller, 681 F.3d 538, 541 (4th Cir. 2012).

External links

Text of Coleman v. Tollefson, 575 U.S. ___ (2015) is available from: Justia Oyez (oral argument audio) Supreme Court (slip opinion)

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] Coleman v. Tollefson, No. 13-1333, 575 U.S. ___ (2015).

[2] 28 U.S.C. § 1915.

[3] 28 U.S.C. § 1915. The full text of 28 U.S.C. § 1915(g) is "In no event shall a prisoner bring a civil action or appeal a judgment in a civil action or proceeding under this section if the prisoner has, on 3 or more prior occasions, while incarcerated or detained in any facility, brought an action or appeal in a court of the United States that was dismissed on the grounds that it is frivolous, malicious, or fails to state a claim upon which relief may be granted, unless the prisoner is under imminent danger of serious physical injury."

[4] Coleman v. Tollefson, 733 F.3d 175 (6th Cir. 2013).

[5] Henslee v. Keller, 681 F.3d 538, 541 (4th Cir. 2012).