Coleochaete

Coleochaete is a genus of parenchymatous charophyte green algae in the order Coleochaetales.[1] They are haploid, reproduce both sexually and asexually, and have true multicellular organisation, with plasmodesmata communicating between adjacent cells. The plants form flat, sprawling discs on solid surfaces in freshwater streams worldwide, usually as epiphytes on aquatic plants or growing on the surface of stones. They are seen as one of two most probable sister groups to land plant species,[2][3][4] the second candidate group being the Characeae. The issue is still not resolved.[4] As they show some of the earliest and simplest features of multicellular plant growth, they are ideal model organisms in the field of synthetic biology. They are easy to culture and techniques that have been used to study Arabidopsis thaliana are now being applied to Coleochaete.[5]

Coleochaete
Coleochaete sp.
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
(unranked):
Archaeplastida
Kingdom:
Viridiplantae
(unranked):
Streptophyta
Division:
Charophyta
Class:
Coleochaetophyceae
Order:
Coleochaetales
Family:
Coleochaetaceae
Genus:
Coleochaete

Brebisson, 1844

Coleochaete has a sterile jacket of cells that surround the gametangia and zygotes that are protected by a layer of sterile cells after fertilization. However, unlike land plants, Coleochaete has zygotic meiosis, meiosis taking place directly in the zygote and not in diploid cells resulting from mitotic division of the zygote.[4]

Species
  • Coleochaete divergens (ITIS)
  • Coleochaete irregularis (ITIS)
  • Coleochaete nitellarum (ITIS)
  • Coleochaete orbicularis (ITIS)
  • Coleochaete pulvinata (ITIS)
  • Coleochaete sampsonii (ITIS)
  • Coleochaete scutata (ITIS)
  • Coleochaete soluta (ITIS)

References
  1. Delwiche, C.F.; Karol, K.G.; Cimino, M.T.; Sytsma, K.J. (2002), "Phylogeny of the genus Coleochaete (Coleochaetales, Charophyta) and related taxa inferred by analysis of the chloroplast gene rbc{L}", Journal of Phycology, 38: 394–403, doi:10.1046/j.1529-8817.2002.01174.x, S2CID 84483234
  2. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-08-21. Retrieved 2009-04-16.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Benefits of the Coleochaete system
  3. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-01-19. Retrieved 2009-04-16.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) A biomechanical model for the study of plant morphogenesis: Coleochaete orbicularis, a 2D study species. Lionel Dupuy, Jonathan Mackenzie and Jim Haseloff
  4. Becker, B.; Marin, B. (2009), "Streptophyte algae and the origin of embryophytes", Annals of Botany, 103 (7): 999–1004, doi:10.1093/aob/mcp044, PMC 2707909, PMID 19273476
  5. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-05-08. Retrieved 2009-04-16.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Experimental systems for plant morphogenesis


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