Colin Moyle

Colin James Moyle CBE (born 18 July 1929) is a former politician of the New Zealand Labour Party. He was a Government Minister in the Third Labour and Fourth Labour Governments. In the Fourth Labour Government he oversaw the removal of farming subsidies and the establishment of a fisheries quota system.

The Honourable Colin Moyle CBE
Moyle in 1968
26th Minister of Agriculture
In office 26 July 1984 – 9 February 1990
Prime Minister	David Lange Geoffrey Palmer
Preceded by	Duncan MacIntyre
Succeeded by	Jim Sutton
In office 8 December 1972 – 12 December 1975
Prime Minister	Norman Kirk Bill Rowling
Preceded by	Douglas Carter
Succeeded by	Duncan MacIntyre
3rd Minister of Fisheries
In office 26 July 1984 – 9 February 1990
Prime Minister	David Lange Geoffrey Palmer
Preceded by	Duncan MacIntyre
Succeeded by	Ken Shirley
18th Minister of Forestry
In office 8 December 1972 – 12 December 1975
Prime Minister	Norman Kirk Bill Rowling
Preceded by	Duncan MacIntyre
Succeeded by	Venn Young
14th Minister for Science
In office 8 December 1972 – 12 December 1975
Prime Minister	Norman Kirk Bill Rowling
Preceded by	Les Gandar
Succeeded by	Les Gandar
Member of the New Zealand Parliament for Otara
In office 14 July 1984 – 27 October 1990
Preceded by	New electorate
Succeeded by	Trevor Rogers
Member of the New Zealand Parliament for Hunua
In office 28 November 1981 – 14 July 1984
Preceded by	Winston Peters
Succeeded by	Seat abolished
Member of the New Zealand Parliament for Mangere
In office 29 November 1969 – 24 December 1976
Preceded by	New electorate
Succeeded by	David Lange
Member of the New Zealand Parliament for Manukau
In office 30 November 1963 – 29 November 1969
Preceded by	Leon Götz
Succeeded by	Roger Douglas
Personal details
Born	Colin James Moyle 18 June 1929 Thames, New Zealand
Political party	Labour
Spouse(s)	Millicent
Alma mater	University of Auckland

Early life

Moyle was born on 18 July 1929 in Thames.[1] His parents were both teachers so he had an itinerant childhood travelling around the Thames, Rotorua and Bay of Islands districts. He went to high school first in Kaikohe and later in Kawakawa followed by one year at Auckland Grammar School. He then attended university at Auckland Teachers College, leaving just short of earning a full degree.[2]

Aged 23 and newly married, Moyle returned to the far north and took over a rough farm in Hokianga next to his parents-in-law's property. He broke in the land and created a dairy farm large enough to accommodate 50 cows. He had no tractor and after milking the cows he had to carry the cans of milk in cans tied to a yoke on his back. He also augmented his income by winching out "sinkers" (logs of kauri wood) that had disappeared underneath semi-reclaimed mangrove swamps.[2] Additionally he later farmed sheep as well.[3] As well as being a farmer he taught full-time during the day as a secondary school teacher at Okaihau College.[3] As well as teaching there he drove the school bus on its 59-mile route every day. He eventually gave up his farm, selling it to his neighboring father-in-law, as part of an amalgamation deal in order to move to Whangarei for a teaching job.[2]

Moyle joined the Labour Party as a teenager and while still in sixth form was a campaign volunteer for Hugh Watt in the Onehunga electorate. He attended University of Auckland and was a member of the university's socialist club alongside other future Labour MPs Martyn Finlay and Bob Tizard.[4] After moving to Hokianga in 1952 he founded the Labour Party's branch there at the same time that a nearby friend (future Prime Minister Bill Rowling) founded a branch in Hobson.[2] Moyle was then president of the Hobson Labour Representation Committee for two years. He then became secretary of the Labour Party's Regional Advisory Committee and from 1959 a national organiser for the party. He also helped organise the publishing of the party newspaper The Statesman which had a circulation of 100,000 at its peak.[5]

Member of Parliament

New Zealand Parliament
Years	Term	Electorate		Party
1963–1966	34th	Manukau		Labour
1966–1969	35th	Manukau		Labour
1969–1972	36th	Mangere		Labour
1972–1975	37th	Mangere		Labour
1975–1977	38th	Mangere		Labour
1981–1984	40th	Hunua		Labour
1984–1987	41st	Otara		Labour
1987–1990	42nd	Otara		Labour

MP and Minister, 1963–75

Moyle stood unsuccessfully for the Hobson electorate in 1957

He first entered parliament in the 1963 general election, as a Labour MP for the South Auckland electorate of Manukau. In 1969 the Mangere electorate was created in the same general area, and Moyle moved his candidacy there, allowing Roger Douglas to take over Manukau. Moyle was elected for Mangere in the 1969 election, and would hold the electorate for another eight years.[6] He was soon appointed to the Shadow Cabinet as Shadow Minister of Agriculture and Lands.[7]

In the 1972 general election, the Labour Party came to power for the first time in over a decade, forming the Third Labour Government led by Norman Kirk. Moyle was appointed to the Ministerial positions of Agriculture and Fisheries, Forests, and Science. In September 1975 he also became Minister responsible for the newly formed Rural Banking and Finance Corporation.[8] The corporation was created by separating the rural division of the extant State Advances Corporation into its own entity and expanding its role in farming finance (which Labour had promised to do in its 1972 manifesto).[2] He was generally well-regarded, especially as Minister of Agriculture. He was 'enduringly popular with the farming community',[9] and was instrumental in opening up New Zealand's meat trade with the Middle East.[10] His main goals in the agriculture portfolio was to oversee Labour's campaign commitments to achieve better cost stability for farmers and to convert bulk-commodity-based farming practices to become more market-oriented.[2] His implementation of the government policies saw a rise in profitability of both beef, wool and butterfat exports and countered the opposition National Party's claims that the Labour Party didn't understand farming.[11] As Minister of Forests, Moyle also helped preserve the remaining stands of giant kauri.[12]

In August 1974, Kirk died suddenly, and Bill Rowling took over as Prime Minister and Labour Party leader. He stood for the position of deputy to Bill Rowling in 1974 after Hugh Watt decided to not to stand again. He was eliminated on the second ballot with Bob Tizard winning on the fourth ballot.[13] Moyle supported Rowling for the leadership and worked around the caucus to secure votes for his election. He subsequently rose in the cabinet ranking and was awarded with a seat on the frontbench by Rowling.[11] He thought his main failure was failing to convince Rowling to hold a snap election in October 1974 which he was convinced Labour would have won with the loss of only one or two seats.[14]

Opposition and the Moyle affair

The Moyle affair captured national headlines for months

Labour unexpectedly lost power in the 1975 general election, bringing to power the Third National Government led by Robert Muldoon. Moyle remained on the frontbench and was appointed Shadow Minister of Agriculture and Shadow Minister of Science & Technology by Rowling.[15] Many within Labour were dissatisfied with their party's performance under Rowling, and began a campaign to replace him. According to political commentator Bruce Jesson, Moyle was the preferred candidate due to his strong performance as Minister of Agriculture.[16] However any potential leadership coup was derailed due to what became known as 'the Moyle Affair' of 1977.

Muldoon accused Moyle in Parliament of having been questioned by the police on suspicion of homosexual activities, which were then illegal in New Zealand. After changing his story several times, Moyle resigned from Parliament. He later said that he had not been obliged to resign, but had done so because "the whole thing just made me sick".[10] It has been suggested that Muldoon saw him as a leadership threat and acted accordingly.[17] Moyle agreed with this assertion, stating in 1989; "In a sense of straight political astuteness I was perceived in those days as one of the up and coming members of the Labour Party and to destroy me was to strike a considerable blow against the chances of the Labour government coming back. And I guess if one talks about the politics of denigration, which I think reached their nadir at that time, they were remarkably successful."[14]

Initially Moyle intended to stand for re-election to vindicate himself of the allegations, but withdrew his name from the nominations only three days before the selection meeting.[18] Ironically, the subsequent 1977 by-election was won by David Lange, and the attention that this got him helped propel him to the leadership of the Labour Party and his landslide victory over Muldoon in the 1984 election. In a 1990 interview, Moyle said that the scandal had made him a "sadder and wiser person".[10]

Moyle then turned his attention to nominating for the nearby seat of Papatoetoe, which was newly created and incorporated parts of Mangere. He garnered much local support but the selection resulted in a deadlock between himself and former Eden MP Mike Moore.[19] He then put his name forward for another new seat in south Auckland electorate, Hunua, but lost to Malcolm Douglas.[20] In the 1978 election, Moyle stood for and failed to win the Whangarei electorate. In between his spells in parliament he returned to farming.[14]

Re-election and new Ministerial career

In the 1981 election, Moyle stood for and won the Hunua electorate. This was abolished before the 1984 election, and Moyle stood for, and won, the new electorate of Otara, which he held until his retirement in 1990.[6] He gained admiration for his courage in re-entering politics especially as Muldoon was still Prime Minister upon his return.[14] Soon after his return to Parliament he was returned to the Shadow Cabinet in February 1982, becoming Shadow Minister of Overseas Trade and Shadow Minister of Rural Banking.[21] When David Lange replaced Rowling as leader he appointed Moyle as Shadow Minister of Agriculture once again.[22]

In 1984 Labour was again returned to power, forming the Fourth Labour Government under David Lange. As one of the few Labour MPs with Ministerial experience, Moyle was reappointed to Cabinet, again holding the portfolios of Agriculture and Fisheries (now separate departments) and regaining charge of the Rural Banking and Finance Corporation.[23] The government's policy was market liberal and reformist. Driven by Finance Minister Roger Douglas, it embarked on a programme, known as Rogernomics, aimed at deregulating the economy. Moyle's portfolio of Agriculture was strongly affected by this, as the farming sector had been one of New Zealand's most heavily subsidised. In the 1982-83 financial year, for example, it has been estimated that farm subsidies cost 'well over' a billion New Zealand dollars.[24] Under the Fourth Labour Government, virtually all state financial assistance was removed from agriculture.[25] Moyle was a supporter of the reforms,[10] but was not associated with them to the same extent as many of his colleagues despite their effect on his portfolio.[26] During this time Moyle was never afraid to front up to decisions and during the painful restructuring of the farming industry he turned up at public meetings even when opposition to decisions reached the point of fists being shaken in his face.[14]

The fishing industry was also overhauled at this time. In particular, a Quota Management System was introduced in order to manage the country's fishing stocks. Because this initially made little provision for traditional or other Māori fishing rights, it was challenged by the Waitangi Tribunal and several iwi.[27] Under Moyle, a Maori Fisheries Act was introduced to deal with this, recognising Māori rights to a share of fisheries and the fishing industry.[28] He also supported the New Zealand Wool Board in its expansion into conducting commercial activities, albeit whilst continuing with their regulatory functions as well. Earlier in December 1972 he had encouraged this during the third Labour Government, but the Wool Board had been restricted by new regulations passed in February 1978 by the Muldoon Government.[29]

Although involved in several important reforms, Moyle had a low profile in the government, avoiding publicity.[10] At the 1987 election he had announced that he would probably retire from parliament at the 1990 election, and in 1989 he confirmed this.[30] Along with other Ministers who had announced their retirement, Moyle was dropped from Cabinet by Prime Minister Geoffrey Palmer in early 1990. He had wanted to keep his Ministerial position until that year's election in order to complete the restructuring of the meat industry.[10]

In the 1990 Queen's Birthday Honours, Moyle was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire, for public services.[31]

Life after politics

Moyle retired to a 300 hectare sheep and cattle farm at Waimate North in the Bay of Islands with his wife Millicent and son Greg who is his co-farmer.[32]

During the 2015 Northland by-election Moyle voted for Winston Peters, whom he defeated in Hunua in 1981; it was the first time in his life he hadn't voted for Labour.[33] For the by-election Labour did not oppose strategic voting, preferring Peters win than the National Party candidate.[34]

Personal life

Moyle is a convert to Roman Catholicism.[3]

Notes

1. Lambert 1981, p. 453.
2. Wilson, Boyd (5 February 1973). "Bright ideas — and he won't shirk decisions". Auckland Star.
3. Hayward 1981, p. 103.
4. Grant 2014, p. 222.
5. "Lives of 11 New Members". The New Zealand Herald. 2 December 1963. p. 5.
6. Wood 1996, p. 98.
7. Grant 2014, p. 152.
8. Wood 1996, p. 59.
9. Calder and Tyson 1999, p. 19.
10. "Interview with Colin Moyle". The Evening Post. 25 August 1990. p. 25.
11. Templeton, Ian (16 August 1975). "New star in Labour firmament". Auckland Star. p. 4.
12. Hayward 1981, p. 131.
13. Freer 2004, pp. 197–9.
14. McBride, Gordon (10 September 1989). "Wounds heal but scars show - 'Moyle affair' distorts fine record of popular Labour man". Auckland Star. p. A4.
15. "Surprises Among Party Spokesmen". The New Zealand Herald. 30 January 1976. p. 10.
16. Metro: 142. November 1988. Missing or empty |title= (help)
17. Lange 2005, pp. 105-6.
18. "Moyle goes, and Jelicich-Moore race seems on". Auckland Star. 12 February 1977. p. 1.
19. "Walkout risk may upset seat choice". Auckland Star. 6 August 1977. p. 1.
20. "Candidate". The Press. 5 November 1977. p. 6.
21. "How They Line-up". The New Zealand Herald. 20 February 1982. p. 3.
22. "Labour leader allocates responsibilities". The Press. 17 March 1983. p. 3.
23. Wood 1996, p. 68.
24. McLauchlan 2006, p. 154.
25. Rudd 1990, pp. 93f.
26. Lange 2005, p. 253.
27. Sharp 1990, p. 262.
28. Johnson 2004, p. 395–397.
29. Edwards, Brent (5 September 1989). "Moyle supports Wool Board's new activities". The Evening Post. p. 2.
30. Goulter, John (5 September 1989). "Moyle says retirement is definite". The Evening Post. p. 1.
31. "No. 52174". The London Gazette. 16 June 1990. p. 30.
32. Hubbard, Anthony (10 January 1999). "Yesterday's faces living out of the spotlight". Sunday Star-Times. p. A8.
33. @patrickgowernz (25 March 2015). "Colin Moyle has voted for Winston Peters. 1st time in life hasn't voted Labour. Moyle beat Peters Hunua 1981" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
34. Kirk, Stacey (9 March 2015). "Andrew Little prods Northland to vote for Winston Peters". Stuff.co.nz. Retrieved 2 May 2017.

References

• Calder, Mick; Tyson, Janet (1999). Meat Acts: The New Zealand Meat Industry 1972–1997. Wellington: Meat New Zealand.
• Freer, Warren (2004). A Lifetime in Politics: the memoirs of Warren Freer. Wellington: Victoria University Press. ISBN 0-86473-478-6.
• Grant, David (2014). The Mighty Totara: The life and times of Norman Kirk. Auckland: Random House. ISBN 9781775535799.
• Hayward, Margaret (1981). Diary of the Kirk Years. Queen Charlotte Sound and Wellington: Cape Catley.
• Johnson, David (2004). Hooked: The Story of the New Zealand Fishing Industry. Christchurch: Hazard Press.
• Lambert, Max, ed. (1981). Who's Who in New Zealand (12th ed.). Wellington: Reed.
• Lange, David (2005). My Life. ISBN 0-670-04556-X.
• McLauchlan, Gordon (2006). The Farming of New Zealand (2nd ed.). Auckland: Penguin.
• Rudd, Chris (1990). "The role of the state in the New Zealand economy". In Holland, Martin; Boston, Jonathan (eds.). The Fourth Labour Government: Politics and Policy in New Zealand (2nd ed.). Auckland: Oxford University Press.
• Sharp, Andrew (1990). "The problem of Maori Affairs, 1984–1989". In Holland, Martin; Boston, Jonathan (eds.). The Fourth Labour Government: Politics and Policy in New Zealand (2nd ed.). Auckland: Oxford University Press.
• Wood, G. A. (1996). Ministers and Members in the New Zealand Parliament. Dunedin: Oxford University Press.