Controlled airspace

Controlled airspace is airspace of defined dimensions within which ATC services are provided.[1][2] The level of control varies with different classes of airspace. Controlled airspace usually imposes higher weather minimums than are applicable in uncontrolled airspace.[3] It is the opposite of uncontrolled airspace.

Schematic representation of the main controlled airspace types and the air traffic control offices that respectively provide control service inside these airspaces.

Controlled airspace is established mainly for three different reasons:

  • high-volume air traffic areas, e.g. near airports
  • IFR traffic under ATC guidance
  • security, e.g. ADIZ

Controlled airspace usually exists in the immediate vicinity of busier airports, where aircraft used in commercial air transport flights are climbing out from or making an approach to the airport, or at higher levels where air transport flights would tend to cruise. Some countries also provide controlled airspace almost generally, however in most countries it is common to provide uncontrolled airspace in areas where significant air transport or military activity is not expected.

ICAO classifies airspace in seven classes from classes A to G. Controlled airspace is classes A to E, in order of decreasing ATC regulation of flights. Flight under instrument flight rules (IFR) is allowed in all controlled airspace (some countries also permit IFR in uncontrolled airspace); flight under visual flight rules (VFR) is permitted in all airspace except class A.[4]

See also

References
  1. "Aviation Glossary C". Transport Canada. Retrieved 2012-08-13.
  2. "Canadian Aviation Regulations (SOR/96-433) - Part I (General Provisions) - Subpart 1 (Interpretation)". Government of Canada. Retrieved 2016-11-30.
  3. "Canadian Aviation Regulations - Part VI - Section 602.114 - General Operating and Flight Rules". Transport Canada. Archived from the original on 2012-09-19. Retrieved 2012-08-13.
  4. "TP 14371 - Transport Canada Aeronautical Information Manual (TC AIM) - RAC - 2.0 AIRSPACE – REQUIREMENTS AND PROCEDURES". Transport Canada. 2012-04-11. Archived from the original on 2011-02-18. Retrieved 2012-08-13.
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