Daniyal Biy

Daniyal Biy was the Uzbek ruler (atalyk) of Bukhara from 1758 to 1785. His father was Khudoyar biy.

Daniyal Biy
Atalyk Bukhara
Reign1758 – 1785
PredecessorMuhammad Rahim Khan
SuccessorShahmurad
Born1720
Bukhara
Died1785
Bukhara
Burial
Bukhara
HouseManghit Dynasty
FatherKhudoyar biy
ReligionIslam

Ruler of Bukharan Khanate Muhammad Rahim Khan died in 1758 and was succeeded by his uncle Daniayl Biy.

Internal policy

Information from sources about the internal situation of the Bukhara Khanate in the era of Danial-biy is extremely insufficient and contradictory. One of the Bukhara historians of the first quarter of the 19th century, Abdul-Karim Bukhari, noted that under Danial-biy, Bukhara was cheap and the country was distinguished by its improvement. Daniyal-biy, according to Muhammad Yakub Bukhari, like Muhammad Rahim-khan, enjoyed the fame of generosity and a humane ruler, although he did not delve into state affairs, especially financial matters. The position of the central government was fragile. The state was actually ruled by the supreme kushbegi Muhammad Davlat and the chief Bukharian judge Nizamiddin, who mainly cared only about their enrichment.[1]

Foreign policy

In 1761, Daniyal-biy sent an embassy to the Russian Empire headed by Quli-bek tupchi-bashi [2]

The embassies of Irnazar Maksudov contributed to the strengthening of Bukhara-Russian relations. In the conditions of economic isolation of Central Asia, the decline in the importance of the Great Silk Road, Irnazar Maksudov put forward a bold and complex idea - a project of turning trade relations between East Asia and Western Europe on their original path, into the Bukhara-Russian borders.[3]

Danial-biy strengthened state ties with the Ottoman Empire. They sent three embassies to Istanbul, headed by Irnazar Maksudov, which was passed through Russia and twice by Muhammad Sharif in 1783-1784, which were met by the Ottoman Sultan Abdul-Hamid I (1773-1789).[4] In response, Abdul-Hamid I sent an embassy headed by Mahmud Said to the Bukhara state, which arrived in Bukhara after the death of Danial-biy in 1786 and was received by his son Shahmurad.

Death

Daniyalbiy died in 1785 and was buried near the grave of Bahauddin Naqshband in Bukhara. After Danial-biy, his heir and eldest son Shahmurad came to power, who also passed on his title "Amir ul-umaro" and the post of atalik.

References
  1. Akhmad Donish, Puteshestviye iz Bukhary Peterburg. Dushanbe, 1960, p.24-27
  2. Priyem v Rossii i otpusk sredneaziatskikh poslov v XVII i XVIII stoletiyakh. Sostavil N.Veselovskiy. Spb.,1884,p.23
  3. Bukharskiye posolstva pri dvore Yekateriny II // Istoricheskiy vestnik, № 2. 1897, pp.537-538
  4. Bartol'd V. V. Raboty po istorii vostokovedeniya // Sochineniya : v 9 t. / Kononov A. N. — M. : Nauka, 1977. — T. 9, p.411

Literature
  • Akhmad Donish, Puteshestviye iz Bukhary Peterburg. Dushanbe, 1960.
  • Holzwarth, Wolfgang. "Community Elders and State Agents: Īlbēgīs in the Emirate of Bukhara around 1900." Eurasian Studies (2011).
  • Bregel, Y. (2009). The new Uzbek states: Bukhara, Khiva and Khoqand: C. 1750–1886. In N. Di Cosmo, A. Frank, & P. Golden (Eds.), The Cambridge History of Inner Asia: The Chinggisid Age (pp. 392-411). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
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