E. R. Dodds

Eric Robertson Dodds (26 July 1893 – 8 April 1979) was an Irish classical scholar.[1] He signed all his publications E. R. Dodds.

E. R. Dodds
Born(1893-07-26)26 July 1893
Banbridge, County Down, Ireland
Died8 April 1979(1979-04-08) (aged 85)
Old Marston, Oxford, England
OccupationClassics scholar, writer

Life

Dodds was born in Banbridge, County Down, the son of schoolteachers.[2] His father Robert was from a Presbyterian family and died of alcoholism when Dodds was seven. His mother Anne was of Anglo-Irish ancestry. When Dodds was ten, he moved with his mother to Dublin, and he was educated at St Andrew's College (where his mother taught) and at Campbell College in Belfast. He was expelled from the latter for "gross, studied and sustained insolence".

In 1912, Dodds won a scholarship at University College, Oxford to read classics, or Literae Humaniores (a two-part four-year degree program consisting of five terms' study of Latin and Greek texts followed by seven terms' study of ancient history and ancient philosophy). Friends at Oxford included Aldous Huxley and T. S. Eliot. In 1916, he was asked to leave Oxford due to his support for the Easter Rising, but he returned the following year to take his final examinations in Literae Humaniores, and was awarded a first class degree to match the first-class awarded him in 1914 in Honour Moderations, the preliminary stage of his degree. His first tutor at Oxford was A. B. Poynton.[3]

After graduation, Dodds returned to Dublin and met W. B. Yeats and AE (George William Russell). He taught briefly at Kilkenny College and in 1919 was appointed as a lecturer in classics at the University of Reading, where in 1923 he married a lecturer in English, Annie Edwards Powell (1886–1973). They had no children.

In 1924, Dodds was appointed Professor of Greek at the University of Birmingham, and came to know W. H. Auden (whose father George, Professor of Public Medicine and an amateur classicist, was a colleague). Dodds was also responsible for Louis MacNeice's appointment as a lecturer at Birmingham in 1930. He assisted MacNeice with his translation of Aeschylus, Agamemnon (1936), and later became the poet's literary executor. Dodds published one volume of his own poems, Thirty-Two Poems, with a Note on Unprofessional Poetry (1929).

On 22nd December 1926 he was fell walking in the Lake District and reached the top of Helvellyn. He was surprised when an Avro aircraft flown by their test pilot Bert Hinkler landed next to him. He helped to hold the aircraft stationary against the wind and found an old receipt in his pocket, signing it to verify that he had witnessed the landing. He then helped to steady the aircraft as it lined up to take off, diving over Red Tarn to gain flying speed.

In 1936, Dodds became Regions Professor of Greek at the University of Oxford, succeeding Gilbert Murray. Murray had decisively recommended Dodds to Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin (the chair was in the gift of the Crown) and it was not a popular appointment – he was chosen over two prominent Oxford dons (Maurice Bowra of Wadham College and John Dewar Denniston of Hertford College). His lack of service in the First World War (he had worked briefly in an army hospital in Serbia but later invoked the exemption from military service granted Irish residents) and his support for Irish republicanism and socialism in addition to his scholarship on the non-standard field of Neoplatonism, also did not make him initially popular with colleagues.[4] He was treated particularly harshly by Denys Page at whose college (Christ Church) the Regius Chair of Greek was based.

Dodds had a lifelong interest in mysticism and psychic research, being a member of the council of the Society for Psychical Research from 1927 and its president from 1961 to 1963.

He died in Old Marston, northeast of Oxford.[5]

Work

Among his works are The Greeks and the Irrational (1951), which charts the influence of irrational forces in Greek culture up to the time of Plato, and Pagan and Christian in an Age of Anxiety, a study of religious life in the period between Marcus Aurelius and Constantine I.

For a bibliography of Dodds' publications see Quaderni di Storia no. 48 (1998) 175-94 (with addenda in the same journal, no. 61, 2005), and for general information on him and studies of some of his works see the bibliography to the entry for him in The Dictionary of British Classicists (2004), vol. 1, 247–51. Add the articles on his work on Neoplatonism in Dionysius 23 (2005) 139-60 and Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 103 (2007) 499–542.

He was also editor of three major classical texts for the Clarendon Press, Proclus: Elements of Theology, Euripides' Bacchae and Plato's Gorgias, all published with extensive commentaries, and a translation in the case of the first. His autobiography, Missing Persons, was published in 1977.

He edited Louis MacNeice's unfinished autobiography The Strings are False (1965) and MacNeice's Collected Poems (1966).

Cultural references

The Berkeley, San Francisco punk band The Mr. T Experience recorded a song for their 1988 album, Night Shift at the Thrill Factory, entitled "The History of the Concept of the Soul", which is a two-minute, musical version of lead singer Frank Portman's (also known as Dr. Frank) master's thesis.[6] Dodds' The Greeks and the Irrational is specifically referenced at the end of the song as "footnotes"[7] (including an Ibid) sung by Portman.

Publications
  • Thirty-Two Poems: With a Note On Unprofessional Poetry (1929)
  • Why I Do Not Believe in Survival (1934)
  • Humanism and Technique in Greek Studies (1936)
  • Maenadism in the Bacchae (1940)
  • Minds in the Making (1941)
  • The Greeks and the Irrational (1951)
  • Morals and Politics in the Oresteia (1960)
  • Classical Teaching in an Altered Climate (1964)
  • Pagan and Christian in an Age of Anxiety (1965)
  • Supernormal Phenomena in Classical Antiquity (1971)
  • The Ancient Concept of Progress and Other Essays on Greek Literature and Belief (1973)
  • Missing Persons: An Autobiography (1977)

See also

References
  1. D. A. F. M. Russell, Eric Robertson Dodds, 1893–1979. Oxford University Press, 1983. ISBN 0-85672-446-7. From the Proceedings of the British Academy, London, Volume LXVII, 1981.
  2. Hugh Lloyd-Jones, Eric Robertson Dodds. In Gnomon, 52. Bd., H. 1, pages 78–83, 1980. Published by Verlag C.H. Beck. JSTOR.
  3. Eikasmos, Volume 15, pages 463–476, 2004.
  4. Leslie Mitchell, Maurice Bowra: A Life. Oxford University Press, 2009. ISBN 978-0-19-929584-5. Pages 33, 84–85.
  5. Eric Robertson Dodds, International Dictionary of Intellectual Historians.
  6. The Mr T Experience, Epitonic.com.
  7. The Mr. T Experience — The history of the concept of the soul Lyrics.
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