Edith May (poet)

Anne Drinker (3 December 1827 - 23 February 1903; alternatively Annie or Anna or Drinkwater[1][2][3]), known by her pen name Edith May, was an American writer of verse and other matter for the literary journals and magazines.[4] Born and raised in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, she summered in Montrose[5] where she resided chiefly during most of her life.[2][6] In her early days, she was an esteemed member of society in Philadelphia, New York City, and Washington, D.C.[4] For ten years, she was confined against her will in a state lunatic asylum. Persisting on her behalf, and with the passage of improved legislation, she was released and became a recluse.

Annie Drinker (Edith May)

Early life and education

Anne Drinker was born in Philadelphia, December 3, 1827.[5] Her parents were Joseph D. Drinker (1796-1881), a wealthy Philadelphia merchant, and Eleanor/Elinor Skyrin Drinker (died 1877, daughter of John and Ann (Drinker) Skyrin, a land-owner.[5][7]

May was the eldest of eight children, including the siblings Joseph ("Joe"), Charles Frances, Frances, Eleanor.[7] Her lineage dates back to an old English family of the same name. The first of the Drinkers to arrive in the United States came about 15-18 years subsequent to the landing of the Pilgrims on Plymouth Rock. This was Philip Drinker. With his wife and several chlidren, he took up his residence in New England, and immediately identified himself with the life of the Puritans in that section of the country. Prosperity followed his course and he became rich and influential. One of his sons became Governor of Cape Colony, and during the early days of the Colonial history preceding the breaking out of the Revolution, others of the name occupied conspicuous positions. The passing of years and the growth of the country brought about divisions in the family. Some remained in New England, others tarried around New York, while the remainder passed over into Pennsylvania. The first of the Drinkers to settle in Philadelphia was John Drinker. With his wife, Ruth Balch, he came there a few years before the founding of the city by William Penn in 1682, when the river front was occupied by a few Swedish settlers and by Native Americans. Edward Drinker was born in Philadelphia in 1680. His children married into some of the best families of the period. Among these were the Benezets, of distinguished French ancestry. It was a daughter of this family who was the mother of Edith May.[8]

Her great-grandfather, Henry Drinker, founded the family estate of 500,000 acres (200,000 ha) in Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania and neighboring counties of the state.[9] She was also a descendant of Elizabeth Sandwith Drinker, the diarist;[10]

May was reared amid refined surroundings, and as she got older, she received the best education that the private schools of her native city could provide. Following her education in Philadelphia, she was sent abroad, where special attention was given to her musical development and also to the study of German, French and Spanish. When she returned to Philadelphia, she was prepared to make her formal entrance into society. Though she was received into the most exclusive circles, this admiration did not affect May. Thoughtful and studious, she devoted her attention to the poor, needy, and sick of the city.[8]

Career

Beginning in 1848, her literary ambitions were first encouraged by Nathaniel Parker Willis, of the Home Journal, although she also wrote for Peterson's Magazine and other periodicals, such as Sartain's Magazine. Using the nom de plume of Edith May, the poems she wrote at an early age were considered to have the strength and finish of a more experienced writer.[11] Spofford & Gibbon (1893) described them as being "fellicities of expression, dramatic faculty, and occasional imaginative power".[2][2]

She published three books: Poems by Edith May (Philadelphia 1854), Tales and Verses for Children (1855), and Katy's Story or Poems and Tales.[2][1]

Confinement

May's family pressured her to marry. She became attached to a prominent young society man, the editor, Nathaniel Parker Willis, who had been one of her most earnest suitors. This match was broken off after the discovery by May that he was carrying on a relationship with another woman. This instilled a resolve in May that she would forever remain unmarried.[8] Her subsequent depression led her, in 1874, to check into a private asylum in Philadelphia, seeking rest. Elinor Drinker, May's mother, died in 1877 and left all her land to her children.[5] Hher father mortgated the family home. Though May's social reign continued, as the years passed, her life became less harmonious.[8]

By one account (Press Sun Bulletin , 1984), the father's greed may have led him to want May to be declared insane and incapable of handling her estate,[9] as in 1878, May was declared insane in a Montrose court at the request of her father. He died in 1881.[5] By another account (The Philadelphia Inquirer, 1903), William Cooper, May's guardian, had her committed to a sanitarium on the ground that she was insane. What means he took to accomplish this or what evidence there was of insanity was unknown. Some hinted that it was disappointment in love, while others maintained that back of it was a plot by which Cooper hoped to gain possession of the girl's share in the estate.[8]

On night in 1884, May's brother, Joe, lay in wait for Cooper on one of the main streets in Montrose, and as Cooper passed, Joe fired a shot from a pistol. The banker fell. Almost instantly, another shot was fired and Joe fell a victim of his own bullet, following which Joe also swallowed poison. Cooper was taken to a hospital, where he died two weeks later, but Joe recovered.[8] At the time, May was inside the Danville Insane Asylum (now, Danville State Hospital). May was one of Joe's reasons, as given by himself, for shooting Cooper as the latter did not use his influence years earlier to prevent the incarceration of his sister. The papers wrote that the same psychological disorder that affected May's reasoning prompted her brother to shoot Cooper in order to avenge his sister.[12]

In 1885, the asylum's authorities granted her a month's leave of absence, and she was taken to the convalescent's retreat at the Pennsylvania State Lunatic Hospital (now, Harrisburg State Hospital). Since her arrival there, she showed no symptoms of insanity, and the leave of absence was extended indefinitely. Persisting on her behalf, and with the passage of improved legislation, May was released from the Pennsylvania State Lunatic Hospital later that year, having been confined for a total of ten years.[4]

Then came Joe's trial on the charge of murder. He boldly asserted his fearlessness of death and said he had avenged his sister and was satisfied. May came at once to her brother's side and spent the greater part of her inheritance to save Joe's life. The jury rendered a verdict of insanity. Joe was sent to an insane asylum and May retired from society,[8] but continued to write poetry, including a poem in 1887 celebrating the centennial of the Montrose historical society.[9]

Death and legacy
Annie Drinker home in Edgemont, Pennsylvania (1903)

In her later years, May possessed sufficient income to enjoy a good life, and became reclusive. She died in Edgemont, Pennsylvania, 1903,[5] and was buried at the Episcopal Churchyard in Rockdale, Pennsylvania.[8]

May's portrait was painted by Thomas Sully in 1850.[10]

A play honoring May's life, The Rage of Society, written by playwright Jan Quackenbush, was produced in 1984 in Susquehanna, Pennsylvania.[5]

References
  1. Carty 2015, p. 410.
  2. Spofford & Gibbon 1893, p. 111.
  3. Shifrin 2017, p. 169.
  4. "Annie Drinker". Mississippian. 20 October 1885. p. 3. Retrieved 16 January 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  5. Treneman, Ann (4 October 1984). "Play recalls troubled life of Montrose's 'mad' poetess". Press and Sun-Bulletin. p. 25. Retrieved 16 January 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  6. Adams 1904, p. 105.
  7. Biddle 1893, p. 22.
  8. "Once Society Belle a Recluse at Death. Daughter of Distinguished Philadelphia Ancestry Left Scenes of Social Triumphs to End Her Days in Solitude After Dramatic Life". The Philadelphia Inquirer. 2 March 1903. p. 16. Retrieved 16 January 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  9. "Annie's poetry lives on". Press and Sun-Bulletin. 4 October 1984. p. 30. Retrieved 16 January 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  10. "EDITH MAY aka Annie Drinker (b. 1827)". librarycompany.org. Retrieved 16 January 2021.
  11. Read 1849, p. 289.
  12. "The Brother of Edith May". The Boston Globe. 24 June 1884. p. 1. Retrieved 16 January 2021 – via Newspapers.com.

Attribution

Bibliography
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