Elihan Tore

Elihan Tore (Uyghur: ئەلىخان تۆرە; Chinese: 艾力汗·吐烈; 21 March 1884 – 28 February 1976) was the 1st president of the Second East Turkestan Republic. He was born in Tokmok, formerly known as Balasagun, Kyrgyzstan and in 1920 he escaped from the Soviet Union to Kashgar in East Turkestan. In April 1944, Elihan Tore along with Abdulkerim Abbas and ten others formed a liberation organization in Ghulja (Yining) to free East Turkestan of Chinese Nationalist rule.[5] On 11 November 1944, they launched the Ili Rebellion with the support of the Soviet Union.[5]

Elihan Tore
Alihan Tore
President of Republic of East Turkestan's Provisional Government
In office
12 November 1944 – 16 June 1946
Preceded byRepublic established
Succeeded byEhmetjan Qasim (as President of Council of Ili Region)[1][2][3][4]
Personal details
Born21 March 1884
Tokmok, Russian Turkestan, Russian Empire (modern day Kyrgyzstan)
Died28 February 1976 (age 92)
Tashkent, Uzbek SSR, Soviet Union (modern day Uzbekistan)
ProfessionPolitician, Poet, Scholar
Military service
RankMarshal of National Army

Biography

Elihan Tore was elected as President of the Eastern Turkestan Republic (ETR) next day after victory of Revolt in Ghulja city on 12 November 1944. He had a military rank of Marshal of Ili National Army, formed on 8 April 1945.

Elihan Tore was the only person in the ETR leadership who opposed Joseph Stalin's order to terminate offensive of Ili National Army on Urumchi and start negotiations with Kuomintang in October 1945.

On 12 June 1946, six days after signing in Urumchi of the "Peace Agreement" between representatives of Eastern Turkestan Republic and Kuomintang, that concluded the difficult eight months negotiations being started on 14 October 1945 under Soviets mediation with accordance of the offer of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek to peacefully resolve the Sinkiang crisis, he was forcibly brought back to the USSR by the KGB and confined here. The rest of his life he spent under house arrest in Tashkent, where he wrote a book Türkistan kaygısı (Turkistan Tragedy) about Xinjiang.

The Turkistan Islamic Party mentioned Elihan Tore in issue 1 of its magazine, Islamic Turkistan, in an article about the region's history.[6]

Works
  • Türkistan kaygısı, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, East Publishing House, 2003
  • Tarihiy Muhammadiy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Publisher: Kutlukkhan Shakirov
  • Drifter Saghuniy

References
  1. 王柯 (15 January 2013). 《東突厥斯坦獨立運動: 1930年代至1940年代》. 香港中文大學出版社. p. 第331頁. ISBN 978-962-996-500-6.
  2. 劉學銚，新疆史論，知書房，2013年2月，ISBN 978-986-5870-51-5，第192頁
  3. 王柯，《東突厥斯坦獨立運動: 1930年代至1940年代》，香港中文大學出版社，2013年，ISBN 978-962-996-500-6，第158頁
  4. 杜榮坤、紀大椿、任一飛、劉文遠，新疆三區革命史鑑，中國社會科學出版社，第161頁
  5. (Chinese) 动荡之源：新疆三区革命的国际背景 《西域研究》 2013 No. 3 Archived 30 August 2014 at Archive.today 10 January 2014
  6. "ماذا تعرف عن تركستان الشرقية". تركستان الإسلامية. No. العددالأول. السنة الأولي شعبان 1429 يوليو 2008. p. ١٩. Check date values in: |date= (help)
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