Elma Lewis

Elma Ina Lewis (September 15, 1921 – January 1, 2004) was an American arts educator and the founder of the National Center of Afro-American Artists and The Elma Lewis School of Fine Arts. She was one of the first recipients of a MacArthur Fellows Grant, in 1981, and received a Presidential Medal for the Arts by President Ronald Reagan in 1983. She is also an honorary member of Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority.[1][2][3]

Elma Lewis
Born
Elma Ina Lewis

(1921-09-15)15 September 1921
Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
Died1 January 2004(2004-01-01) (aged 82)
Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
OccupationArts educator, Activist
Parent(s)Clairmont Lewis
Edwardine Lewis

Early life and education

Lewis was born September 15, 1921, in Boston to parents Clairmont and Edwardine Lewis who had immigrated from Barbados.[4][5] Lewis had two older brothers, Darnley and George from her mother’s previous marriage.[6] She attended the Ruggles Street Nursery School in 1924 where she was told her IQ was higher than it would be when she grew older. That memory stayed with her and would eventually prompt her to start her own school later on. Her parents were followers of Marcus Garvey whose ideas she attributes her racial pride and desire to promote African culture.[7] Lewis attended Roxbury Memorial High School for Girls where she studied voice, piano, and dance.[8] She worked her way through college by acting in local theatre productions and graduated Emerson College (B.L.I., 1943), and Boston University School of Education (M.Ed., 1944). After graduating from Boston University, Lewis taught speech therapy at Massachusetts Mental Health Center, the New England Hospital, and the Habit Clinic of Boston. She also taught dance and drama at the Cambridge Community Center and fine arts at the Harriet Tubman House.[4] At age 23, Lewis and her parents moved from Dudley street in Roxbury to a house on Homestead street where she lived until her death. In 1951 Lewis’s mother, Edwardine died. Her brother Darnley then moved into the downstairs section of the house with his wife and kids.[8]

Arts education

The Elma Lewis School of Fine Arts (ELSFA)

In 1950 Lewis founded The Elma Lewis School of Fine Arts to provide arts education for the African-American community in Boston with a comprehensive program across the visual and performing arts. The teaching program at the school was focused on building character and multidisciplinary arts instruction through performance and exhibitions. Her school attracted many top professionals in the fine arts resulting in a very rigorous program. At its peak, the school enrolled 700 students and employed 100 teachers.[8] Many of the school's graduates went on to a successful career in entertainment. Many attribute the notoriety of Lewis’s school to the political culture of the time. Boston experienced a desegregation crisis in the mid 1970s after court-ordered desegregation of schools.[9] Due to financial problems, enrollment in the school begin to dwindle.[10] After years of battling financial crisis, and owing back taxes the school’s site was foreclosed on in 1997.[8]

National Center of Afro-American Artists (NCAAA)

Lewis founded the National Center of Afro-American Artists which served as an umbrella organization for the school, local arts groups, and a museum.[11] The site which overlooked Franklin Park, was previously the Temple Mishkan Tefila and adjoining school was turned over by Jewish Philanthropists. Before acquiring this site, the school had passed through multiple locations which caused financial problems. By the 1980s, the center was in debt up to $720,000.[10] The annual production of Langston Hughes’ Black Nativity became a staple of the organization and was directed every year by Lewis herself.

Technical Theatre Program

Lewis developed the Technical Theatre Program at Massachusetts Correctional Institute. The 750 Brothers of Norfolk who were enrolled in the program put on performances and learned skills such as musical composition. In 1972 the book “Black Voices from Norfolk Prison” describing their experiences was published with a foreword by Lewis.[12]

Later life

Awards and affiliations

Lewis was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1977.[13] She was involved in promoting African American culture through art forms. She served as a board member for various organizations, including the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Congressional Black Caucus, Metropolitan Cultural Alliance, and NAACP [14] "Miss Lewis also received the Commonwealth Award, Massachusetts’ highest award in the arts, and myriad other honors including nearly thirty honorary doctorates from universities including Harvard, Brown, Boston College, Colby College, Anna Maria College, Salem State College, Regis College, Merrimack College, and Clark University.[10] In October 2003, the National Visionary Leadership Project in ceremonies at Washington’s J. F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, named Miss Lewis, along with Ray Charles and John Hope Franklin, as a Visionary Elder." [15] She is commemorated on the Boston Women's Heritage Trail.[16] Lewis received a $350,000 grant from the Rockefeller foundation to update the school and pay the salaries of the school's staff.[17] In 1981, Lewis was awarded the genius grant by the John D. and Catherine MacArthur Foundation. This grant was part of a five-year program where 21 MacArthur Prize Fellows would be awarded a yearly sum for their achievements in creativity.[18] In 1983 she received the Presidential Medal for Arts from President Reagan. In 1986 Lewis received the Monarch Award from the National Council for Culture and Art. Each year the Council awarded two individuals for live achievements in the performing and visual arts.[19]

Community Involvement

Lewis became known as the Grande Dame of Arts in Roxbury due to her school, achievements in performing arts, and her community involvement.[18] Lewis often traveled around the world to speak at conferences and inform on the state of Black culture as well as her experiences in running the NCAAA.

In 1980, Lewis was diagnosed with chronic diabetes. However she continued to spearhead cultural programs throughout the city. She started the Elma Lewis Playhouse in Franklin Park during the summer months which boasted artists such as Duke Ellington and Arthur Fiedler. She further launched a clean-up campaign to “rid the park of drug users and debris” to make it once again a community staple. The Elma Lewis Playhouse was renamed the Elma lewis Theater at Franklin Park in 2003 after an anonymous donation of $46,000 to revamp the park.[10]

In September 1996, Roxbury hosted a salute to the “Grande Dame,” which was a three day birthday celebration of Lewis’s achievements and life. It included events at many venues around the city and attracted prominent members of society including poet Maya Angelou and the UN Ambassador. Lewis was beginning to suffer from severe complications of diabetes. For her 76th birthday, she collected papers, photographs, musical notes, and other memorabilia to give to Northeastern University for a living archive.

Death

On January 1, 2004, Elma Lewis died at the age of 82 in her Boston home from pulmonary complications stemming from diabetes.

References
  1. "Historical Note." Archives and Special Collections Finding Aids: Elma Ina Lewis Papers. Northeastern University Libraries, Archives and Special Collections. Web. Accessed 21 May 2014.
  2. Kahn, Joseph P.; Globe Staff; Edgar J. Driscoll Jr (2 January 2004). "Arts leader Elma Lewis dead at 82". Boston.com. Retrieved 21 May 2014.
  3. Dunning, Jennifer (26 January 2004). "Elma Lewis, 82, Arts Educator And Mentor". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 22 May 2014.
  4. Elma Lewis - Black Women's Heritage Trail
  5. Elma Lewis Archives at Northeastern University, Boston, MA
  6. Kirchhelmer, Anne. “Her Life Treasures Are Her Home, Family and Friends.” The Boston Globe, 2 Oct. 1981, p. 21.
  7. Elma Lewis - The History Makers
  8. Marcus, Jon. “At 75, Activist Reflects on Life's Work Promoting Black Culture.” Los Angeles Sentinel, 14 Aug. 1997, p. A16. Oct 26 2017. Subscription required.
  9. McClure, Daniel. "A woman of action: Elma Lewis, the arts, and the politics of culture in Boston, 1950-1986."
  10. Kahn, Joseph P. "ARTS LEADER ELMA LEWIS DEAD AT 82 LONG A CHAMPION OF BLACK CULTURE." Boston Globe. Jan 02 2004. Accessed Oct 26 2017. Subscription required.
  11. "Elma Lewis: Biography" The History Makers: The Nation's Largest African American Video Oral History Collection. Web. Accessed 21 May 2014
  12. Jenkins, Joseph. Black Voices from Norfolk Prison" Afro-American (1893-1988): 1. Nov 25 1972. Web. 27 Oct. 2017. Subscription required.
  13. "Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter L" (PDF). American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 29 July 2014.
  14. "Elma Lewis." National Visionary Leadership: Project Oral History Archive. Web. Accessed 21 May 2014
  15. Elma Lewis NCAAA.org http://www.ncaaa.org/ncaaa_elmalewis.html, The Museum of NCAAA: The National Center of African American Artists Web. Accessed 21 May 2014
  16. "Elma Lewis". Boston Women's Heritage Trail.
  17. Rockefeller Foundation Grant"Black Arts School Receives $350,000 Foundation Grant." Atlanta Daily World (1932-2003): 2. Jan 09 1973. Web. 27 Oct. 2017. Subscription required.
  18. MacArthur Fellows Grant Abdul, Raoul. "Elma Lewis: Recipient of $54,000 'Genius' Grant." New York Amsterdam News (1962-1993): 30. Jun 20 1981. Web. 30 Oct. 2017 Subscription required.
  19. NCCA Award "NCCA Salutes Simon Estes, Elma Lewis." New York Amsterdam News (1962-1993): 30. Sep 13 1986. Web. 30 Oct. 2017 . Subscription required.
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