Emma Kauikeōlani Wilcox

Emma Kauikeōlani Napoleon Mahelona Wilcox (November 25, 1851 – October 22, 1931), was a socialite, philanthropist and civic leader from Hawaii. She is the namesake of Kauikeōlani Children's Hospital, and the founder of the Samuel Mahelona Memorial Hospital.

Portrait of Emma Kauikeōlani Wilcox by Charles W. Bartlett, 1929

Background

She was born of Corsican, Tahitian and Native Hawaiian ancestry in the Mililani area of the island of Oahu, and was raised in a house on Queen Street in Honolulu. She was the first of fifteen children born to Pamahoa and Temanihi “Nihi” Napoleon, a Honolulu fish merchant. Her mother Pamahoa was of Hawaiian ancestry, related to the family of Charles Kanaʻina, the father of King Lunalilo.[1] Emma was educated at Kawaiahaʻo Seminary for Girls, becoming a teacher there after graduation. Early on in her life, Emma was motivated to help ease difficulties faced by the native Hawaiian population.[2]

Possibly Emma Napoleon, photograph by Joseph W. King, 1869

Emma married the first time in 1882 to Samuel Kahekili Mahelona, the son of Judge Samuel Waimalu Mahelona. Educated at the Royal School, he had been an employee of Allen & Robinson on Kauai.[3] Emma and Samuel were the parents of Samuel Hooker Kaleokalani, Ethel Kulamanu, Cushman Nehenuiokalani and Allen Clesson Kualuheimalama. The couple had ties to the monarchy and the political power structure of the Kingdom of Hawaii. Upon her husband's death in 1892, his funeral was attended by Queen Liliʻuokalani and her ladies in waiting, Governor of Oahu Archibald Scott Cleghorn and other kingdom dignitaries.[4] In widowhood, she resumed her teaching career at Kawaiahaʻo.[5]

In 1898, she married wealthy Kauai business man and politician Albert Spencer Wilcox, the son of missionaries Abner Wilcox and Lucy Eliza Hart.[6][7] Their Kawaiahaʻo Church wedding ceremony was officiated by Rev. Henry Hodges Parker, and attended by the socially elite: Republic of Hawaii President Sanford B. Dole, Princess Kaʻiulani, Chief Justice Albert Francis Judd, politician Joseph Ballard Atherton, former Minister of Finance Peter Cushman Jones, the Rev. Charles McEwen Hyde and sugar baron Paul Isenberg.[8] When Albert Wilcox died in 1919, less than $50,000 of his estimated $6 million estate was bequeathed to charitable organizations. Emma received half of the remainder, with the rest divided among his children. According to the terms of his will, the trustees of the estate were to see that Emma received "not less than $30,000 a year".[9]

Charitable endeavors

Kauikeōlani Children's Hospital

Her husband Albert supported her philanthropic community activities, and in 1908 donated land and $50,000 to erect the Kauikeōlani Children's Hospital in her honor. The institution was given her Hawaiian name which means “place in the skies (of) heaven”.[10] In 1928, she donated a therapy swimming pool for the hospital's Shriner's Ward for crippled children.[11][12] That year, she also donated $10,000, which was used to create a fund for needy patients who could not afford medical care on their own.[13] A portrait of Emma painted by Charles W. Bartlett was donated to the hospital in 1929.[14]

Samuel Mahelona Memorial Hospital

Her son Samuel Kaleookalani Mahelona died of tuberculosis at age 28 in 1912. To honor his memory, she founded the Samuel Mahelona Memorial Hospital on Kauai in 1917. Seed money was provided by Albert Wilcox and other business leaders of Hawaii.[15][16]

Other

She was an active member of the Daughters of Hawaii, and a director of the YWCA in Honolulu. The Haili Church in Hilo was the recipient of a pipe organ through her generosity.[12]

When Honolulu police officer William Kama was killed in the line of duty in 1928, leaving behind a widow and small children, Emma and Princess Abigail Campbell Kawānanakoa paid off the mortgage on the Kama house.[17]

Death

Emma Wilcox died of a cerebral hemhorrage on October 22, 1931. A memorial service was held in her home that same day, and her body was shipped back to Kauai that evening for burial.[5]

Her estate was valued at just under $800,000. Of that, $60,000 was bequeathed to various charities.[18][19]

References
  1. "In The Petition of Kalakaua and Others To Quiet Title In The Lands Of The Late Charles Kanaʻina". The Pacific Commercial Advertiser. September 14, 1878. p. Image 4, col. 4. Retrieved November 21, 2018. Genealogy provided by Pamahoa Napoleon, daughter of Kupae
  2. Peterson 1984, p. 401.
  3. "Death of Samuel Mahelona Sr. 1892". Evening Bulletin at Newspapers.com. May 25, 1892. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
  4. "S. Mahelona's Burial 1892 - Newspapers.com". Evening Bulletin at Newspapers.com. May 27, 1892. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
  5. "Succumbs To Brief Illness". The Honolulu Advertiser at Newspapers.com. October 23, 1931. p. 1. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
  6. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society (1901). Portraits of American Protestant missionaries to Hawaii. Honolulu: Hawaiian gazette company. p. 70.
  7. David W. Forbes (2003). Hawaiian National Bibliography, 1780–1900. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 232–233. ISBN 978-0-8248-2636-9.
  8. "Wilcox-Mahelona: A Pretty Wedding Held at the Kawaiahao Seminary". The Pacific Commercial Advertiser at Newspapers.com. June 8, 1898. p. 3, col. 3. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
  9. "Will of Albert Spencer Wilcox 1919". Honolulu Star-Bulletin at Newspapers.com. August 28, 1919. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
  10. Pukui, Elbert & Mookini 1974, p. 92.
  11. "Shriner Ward Pool Given By Emma Wilcox". Honolulu Star-Bulletin at HonoNewspapers.com. December 22, 1928. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
  12. Peterson 1984, p. 402.
  13. "'Mother' Wilcox Gives $10,000 To Children". The Honolulu Advertiser at Newspapers.com. November 27, 1928. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
  14. "1929 Charles W. Bartlett of Emma Wilcox donated to Kauikeolani Children's Hospital". Honolulu Star-Bulletin at Newspapers.com. November 30, 1929. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
  15. "The Samuel Mahelona Memorial Hospital". The Garden Island at Newspapers.com. July 24, 1917. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
  16. "Mrs. Wilcox Dies After Short Illness (cont. from page 1)". The Honolulu Advertiser at Newspapers.com. October 23, 1931. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
  17. "Emma Wilcox and Kawananakoa pay off home mortgage of slain police officer William Kama". Honolulu Advertiser at Newspapers.com. October 16, 1928. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
  18. "Emma Wilcox Estate Value Said $800,000". The Honolulu Advertiser at Newspapers.com. April 12, 1932. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
  19. "$60, 000 Left By Mrs. Wilcox In Bequests 1931". The Honolulu Advertiser at Newspapers.com. October 31, 1931. Retrieved November 21, 2018.

Bibliography
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