Eriophyllum

Eriophyllum, commonly known as the woolly sunflower, is a North American genus of plants in the sunflower family. The genus is native to western North America (USA, Canada, northwestern Mexico), with a concentration of narrow endemics in California.[3][4][5]

Woolly sunflower
E. confertiflorum
Voorhis Ecological Reserve
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Eudicots
(unranked):
Asterids
Order:
Asterales
Family:
Asteraceae
Tribe:
Heliantheae
Genus:
Eriophyllum

Type species
Eriophyllum staechadifolium
Synonyms[2]
  • Trichophyllum Nutt.
  • Actinolepis DC.
  • Eremonanus I.M.Johnst.

Eriophyllum species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Phymatopus californicus.

Description

Eriophyllum is an annual or perennial shrub or subshrub, some species growing to a height of 200 cm (6.7 feet). Leaves present generally alternate and entire to nearly compound, with woolly hairs on some of the species. The inflorescence contains numerous yellow flower heads in flat-topped clusters. The involucre structure is obconic to hemispheric. Phyllaries are either free or more or less fused; the receptacle presents typically flat, but naked. The ray flowers are present in some species but not in others. Fruits are angled in the outer flowers, but are generally club-shaped for the inner flowers; the pappus is somewhat jagged.[6][7]

Selected species

References
  1. lectotype designated by Constance, Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 18: 69. 2 Apr 1937.
  2. Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist
  3. Lagasca y Segura, Mariano. 1816. Genera et species plantarum 28
  4. Tropicos, Eriophyllum Lag.
  5. Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps
  6. Mooring, Madroño 38:213–226, (1991)
  7. Flora of North America Eriophyllum Lagasca


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