Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal

Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO₂R) is the removal of carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the bloodstream in people who have elevated levels of carbon dioxide as a result of respiratory failure.[1]

The use of extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal is currently considered experimental, but it has been studied in a number of situations, specifically severe exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and in adult respiratory distress syndrome where conventional mechanical ventilation would cause excessive lung damage.[1][2]

It requires the insertion of a tube similar to a dialysis catheter into a large vein. Blood is pumped through a machine where the carbon dioxide is filtered out.[1]

References

Morelli, Andrea; Del Sorbo, Lorenzo; Pesenti, Antonio; Ranieri, V. Marco; Fan, Eddy (28 January 2017). "Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R) in patients with acute respiratory failure". Intensive Care Medicine. 43 (4): 519–530. doi:10.1007/s00134-016-4673-0. PMID 28132075.
Pisani, L; Corcione, N; Nava, S (February 2016). "Management of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure". Current Opinion in Critical Care. 22 (1): 45–52. doi:10.1097/MCC.0000000000000269. PMID 26627537.

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[Morelli2017-1] Morelli, Andrea; Del Sorbo, Lorenzo; Pesenti, Antonio; Ranieri, V. Marco; Fan, Eddy (28 January 2017). "Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R) in patients with acute respiratory failure". Intensive Care Medicine. 43 (4): 519–530. doi:10.1007/s00134-016-4673-0. PMID 28132075.

[2] Pisani, L; Corcione, N; Nava, S (February 2016). "Management of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure". Current Opinion in Critical Care. 22 (1): 45–52. doi:10.1097/MCC.0000000000000269. PMID 26627537.