FASTKD5

FAST kinase domain-containing protein 5 (FASTKD5) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FASTKD5 gene on chromosome 20.[5][6] This protein is part of the FASTKD family, which is known for regulating the energy balance of mitochondria under stress.[7][8] FASTKD5 is also required for RNA granules to process precursor mRNAs not flanked by tRNAs.[9]

FASTKD5
Identifiers
AliasesFASTKD5, dJ1187M17.5, FAST kinase domains 5
External IDsOMIM: 614272 MGI: 2139469 HomoloGene: 36400 GeneCards: FASTKD5
Gene location (Human)
Chr.Chromosome 20 (human)[1]
Band20p13Start3,146,519 bp[1]
End3,159,865 bp[1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

60493

380601

Ensembl

ENSG00000215251

ENSMUSG00000079043

UniProt

Q7L8L6

Q7TMV3

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_021826

NM_001146084
NM_198176
NM_001377124
NM_001377125

RefSeq (protein)

NP_068598

NP_001139556
NP_937819
NP_001364053
NP_001364054

Location (UCSC)Chr 20: 3.15 – 3.16 MbChr 2: 130.61 – 130.63 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Structure

FASTKD5 shares structural characteristics of the FASTKD family, including an amino terminal mitochondrial targeting domain and three C-terminal domains: two FAST kinase-like domains (FAST_1 and FAST_2) and a RNA-binding domain (RAP).[7][8] The mitochondrial targeting domain directs FASTKD5 to be imported into the mitochondria. Though the functions of the C-terminal domains are unknown, RAP possibly binds RNA during trans-splicing.[7] This protein forms a 103 kDa protein complex with unidentified proteins.[9]

Function

As a member of the FASTKD family, FASTKD5 localizes to the mitochondria to modulate their energy balance, especially under conditions of stress. Though ubiquitously expressed in all tissues, FASTKD5 appears more abundantly in skeletal muscle, heart muscle, and other tissues enriched in mitochondria.[7] FASTKD5 also localizes to RNA granules, membraneless bodies containing mRNAs and associated RNA-binding proteins, where it facilitates posttranscriptional RNA processing. This protein is required for the maturation of precursor mRNAs that are not flanked by tRNAs, and thus cannot be processed by the canonical mRNA maturation pathway.[9]

Clinical significance

Though the link to FASTKD5 remains uncharacterized, the accumulation of abnormal RNA granules can lead to some neurodegenerative diseases.[9]

Interactions

FASTKD5 has been shown to interact with:

References
  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000215251 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000079043 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. UniProt: Q7L8L6
  6. "Entrez Gene: FAST kinase domains 5".
  7. Simarro M, Gimenez-Cassina A, Kedersha N, Lazaro JB, Adelmant GO, Marto JA, Rhee K, Tisdale S, Danial N, Benarafa C, Orduña A, Anderson P (Oct 2010). "Fast kinase domain-containing protein 3 is a mitochondrial protein essential for cellular respiration". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 401 (3): 440–6. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.09.075. PMC 2963690. PMID 20869947.
  8. Yeung KT, Das S, Zhang J, Lomniczi A, Ojeda SR, Xu CF, Neubert TA, Samuels HH (Jun 2011). "A novel transcription complex that selectively modulates apoptosis of breast cancer cells through regulation of FASTKD2". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 31 (11): 2287–98. doi:10.1128/MCB.01381-10. PMC 3133243. PMID 21444724.
  9. Antonicka H, Shoubridge EA (Feb 2015). "Mitochondrial RNA Granules Are Centers for Posttranscriptional RNA Processing and Ribosome Biogenesis". Cell Reports. 10 (6): 920–932. doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2015.01.030. PMID 25683715.
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