Fasciclin domain

In molecular biology, the fasciclin domain (FAS1 domain) is an extracellular domain of about 140 amino acid residues. It has been suggested that the FAS1 domain represents an ancient cell adhesion domain common to plants and animals;[1] related FAS1 domains are also found in bacteria.[2]

Fasciclin
solution structure of the antigenic tb protein mpt70/mpb70
Identifiers
Symbol	Fasciclin
Pfam	PF02469
InterPro	IPR000782
SCOP2	1o70 / SCOPe / SUPFAM
Available protein structures: Pfam   structures / ECOD   PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

The crystal structure of FAS1 domains 3 and 4 of fasciclin I from Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) has been determined, revealing a novel domain fold consisting of a seven-stranded beta wedge and at least five alpha helices; two well-ordered N-acetylglucosamine groups attached to a conserved asparagine are located in the interface region between the two FAS1 domains.[3] Fasciclin I is an insect neural cell adhesion molecule involved in axonal guidance that is attached to the membrane by a GPI-anchored protein.

FAS1 domains are present in many secreted and membrane-anchored proteins. These proteins are usually GPI anchored and consist of: (i) a single FAS1 domain, (ii) a tandem array of FAS1 domains, or (iii) FAS1 domain(s) interspersed with other domains.

Proteins known to contain a FAS1 domain include:

• Fasciclin I (4 FAS1 domains).
• Human TGF-beta induced Ig-H3 (BIgH3) protein (4 FAS1 domains), where the FAS1 domains mediate cell adhesion through an interaction with alpha3/beta1 integrin; mutation in the FAS1 domains result in corneal dystrophy.[4]
• Volvox major cell adhesion protein (2 FAS1 domains).[1]
• Arabidopsis thaliana fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins (2 FAS1 domains).[5]
• Mammalian stabilin protein, a family of fasciclin-like hyaluronan receptor homologues (7 FAS1 domains).[6]
• Human extracellular matrix protein periostin (4 FAS1 domains).
• Bacterial immunogenic protein MPT70 (1 FAS1 domain).[7]

The FAS1 domains of both human periostin and BIgH3 proteins were found to contain vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxyglutamate residues.[8] Gamma-carboxyglutamate residues are more commonly associated with GLA domains, where they occur through post-translational modification catalysed by the vitamin K-dependent enzyme gamma-glutamylcarboxylase.

See also

• Fasciclin 2

References

1. Huber O, Sumper M (September 1994). "Algal-CAMs: isoforms of a cell adhesion molecule in embryos of the alga Volvox with homology to Drosophila fasciclin I". EMBO J. 13 (18): 4212–22. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06741.x. PMC 395348. PMID 7925267.
2. Ulstrup JC, Jeansson S, Wiker HG, Harboe M (February 1995). "Relationship of secretion pattern and MPB70 homology with osteoblast-specific factor 2 to osteitis following Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination". Infect. Immun. 63 (2): 672–5. doi:10.1128/IAI.63.2.672-675.1995. PMC 173047. PMID 7822037.
3. Clout NJ, Tisi D, Hohenester E (February 2003). "Novel fold revealed by the structure of a FAS1 domain pair from the insect cell adhesion molecule fasciclin I". Structure. 11 (2): 197–203. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(03)00002-9. PMID 12575939.
4. Kim JE, Kim SJ, Lee BH, Park RW, Kim KS, Kim IS (October 2000). "Identification of motifs for cell adhesion within the repeated domains of transforming growth factor-beta-induced gene, betaig-h3". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (40): 30907–15. doi:10.1074/jbc.M002752200. PMID 10906123.
5. Faik A, Abouzouhair J, Sarhan F (November 2006). "Putative fasciclin-like arabinogalactan-proteins (FLA) in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and rice (Oryza sativa): identification and bioinformatic analyses". Mol. Genet. Genomics. 276 (5): 478–94. doi:10.1007/s00438-006-0159-z. PMID 16944204. S2CID 24825276.
6. Kzhyshkowska J, Gratchev A, Martens JH, Pervushina O, Mamidi S, Johansson S, Schledzewski K, Hansen B, He X, Tang J, Nakayama K, Goerdt S (December 2004). "Stabilin-1 localizes to endosomes and the trans-Golgi network in human macrophages and interacts with GGA adaptors". J. Leukoc. Biol. 76 (6): 1151–61. doi:10.1189/jlb.0504300. PMID 15345724. S2CID 20040432.
7. Matsumoto S, Matsuo T, Ohara N, Hotokezaka H, Naito M, Minami J, Yamada T (March 1995). "Cloning and sequencing of a unique antigen MPT70 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and expression in BCG using E. coli-mycobacteria shuttle vector". Scand. J. Immunol. 41 (3): 281–7. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1995.tb03565.x. PMID 7871388. S2CID 12514892.
8. Coutu DL, Wu JH, Monette A, Rivard GE, Blostein MD, Galipeau J (June 2008). "Periostin, a member of a novel family of vitamin K-dependent proteins, is expressed by mesenchymal stromal cells". J. Biol. Chem. 283 (26): 17991–8001. doi:10.1074/jbc.M708029200. PMID 18450759.

This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro: IPR000782