Fosen Vind

Fosen Vind is a complex of six onshore wind farms under construction in Fosen, Norway, scheduled for a gradual commissioning in 2018-20. With a nameplate capacity of 1 GW the project will become Europe's largest onshore wind farm and more than double Norway's capacity for wind power generation.[1][2]

Fosen Vind
Location of Fosen Vind on the Fosen peninsula
CountryNorway
LocationFosen peninsula, Trøndelag
Coordinates63°43′N 10°15′E
StatusUnder construction
Construction beganAugust 2016
Construction cost1.1 billion €
Owner(s)Statkraft (52.1%), TrønderEnergi (7.9%), Nordic Wind Power DA (40.0%)
Wind farm
TypeOnshore
Hub height87 m
Rotor diameter117 m, 112 m
Power generation
Make and modelVestas V117-3.6 MW (248), V112-3.6 MW (30)
Units under const.278 × 3.6 MW
Nameplate capacity1,000 MW
Capacity factor39% (projected)
Annual net output3,400 GW·h

Layout

Due to its size and the geography of the chosen area, Fosen Vind is partitioned into a group of six individually named wind farms.[2][3]

NameUnitsPower (MW)Construction start
Harbaksfjellet301082018[4]
Roan71255.62016[5]
Storheia802882016[6]
Kvenndalsfjellet28100.82018[7]
Geitfjellet43154.82018[8]
Hitra 22693.62018[9]

Technology

The site has been chosen for its wind pattern with annual yields of more than 3,600 full load hours close to 9 m/s, similar to offshore sites.[10]

The complex of six wind farms will comprise 278 wind turbines from Vestas, 248 V117 and 30 V112, each with its capacity optimized from 3.45 MW to 3.6 MW, for a total capacity of 1,000 MW.[1] Each turbine has a nacelle height of 87 m and a wing span of either 117 m[2] or 112 m.

The transmission lines will use transmission towers of composite materials with foundations that do not require the use of explosives, reducing the environmental impact of the construction work.[11]

The 71 turbine foundations for the Roan part of the farm will use rock anchor foundation technology and will be delivered by the Norwegian subsidiary of Peikko Group from April 2017 to the spring of 2018.[12]

Economy

The expected cost of the project is 1.1 billion €. The investors are Statkraft (52.1%), TrønderEnergi (7.9%) and a consortium Nordic Wind Power DA (40.0%) backed by Credit Suisse.[10]

The levelised cost of energy (LCoE) is estimated in the range 35 €/MWh to 40 €/MWh, which is below a typical Norwegian wind farm price of 44 €/MWh and described as a rock-bottom price obtained via economies of scale.[10]

The project will receive government subsidies in the form of tradeable green certificates, which are typically valued at 15 €/MWh. Together with a current system price around 18 €/MWh to 20 €/MWh, the operator will likely receive the lower estimate of the LCoE.[10]

Of the expected annual production of 3.4 TWh (corresponding to 3,400 full load hours), about one third will actually be sold to Norsk Hydro as baseload supply for their aluminium production under a power purchase agreement. Specifically, the agreement stipulates delivery of around 0.6 TWh in 2020, around 1.0 TWh annually from 2021-2035 and 0.7 TWh annually from 2036-2039, for a total of about 18 TWh over a 20-year period.[13]

Criticism

Five days into the construction, on 20 August 2016 two hundred people gathered at the construction site to protest against the project. Norges Naturvernforbund criticizes the choice of site as an important reindeer habitat of great importance to southern Sami reindeer herders. The reindeer herders have demanded that the district court stop the construction work, citing violations of human rights and rights of indigenous people. Fosen Vind have responded that they have all necessary permits and declined to stop the construction work.[3]

See also

References
  1. Weston, David (2016-02-23). "Statkraft revives 1GW Fosen site". windpowermonthly.com. Retrieved 2016-08-21.
  2. "Fosen Vind, Europe's largest onshore wind power project". dovregroup.com. 2016. Retrieved 2016-08-21.
  3. Kleven, Rita (2016-08-20). "Krever stans i bygging av vindmøllepark" [Demand for Wind Farm Construction Stop]. NRK (in Norwegian). Retrieved 2016-08-21.
  4. "Harbaksfjellet vindpark" [Harbaksfjellet Wind Farm] (PDF). TrønderEnergi (in Norwegian). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2017-03-10.
  5. "Roan vindpark" [Roan Wind Farm] (PDF). TrønderEnergi (in Norwegian). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2017-03-10.
  6. "Storheia vindpark" [Storheia Wind Farm] (PDF). TrønderEnergi (in Norwegian). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2017-03-10.
  7. "Kvenndalsfjellet vindpark" [Kvenndalsfjellet Wind Farm] (PDF). TrønderEnergi (in Norwegian). Retrieved 2017-03-10.
  8. "Geitfjellet vindpark" [Geitfjellet Wind Farm] (PDF). TrønderEnergi (in Norwegian). Retrieved 2017-03-10.
  9. "Hitra II" (PDF). TrønderEnergi (in Norwegian). Retrieved 2017-03-10.
  10. "Europe's biggest and cheapest onshore wind project". norwea.no. 2016-06-07. Archived from the original on 2016-08-29. Retrieved 2016-08-21.
  11. "Nettilkobling og fiberoptikk til de første vindparkene leveres av trønderske LinjePartner og GrunnPartner" [Grid connectivity and fiber optics for the first wind farms delivered by LinjePartner and GrunnPartner of Trøndelag]. mynewsdesk.com (in Norwegian). 2017-01-12. Retrieved 2017-01-12.
  12. Dybvik, Terje (2017-02-13). "Fikk storkontrakt på møllefundamenter" [Large turbine foundation contract awarded]. fosna-folket.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 2017-03-10.
  13. "Norsk Hydro: Hydro signs new long-term power contract for Norwegian aluminium portfolio". hydro.com. 2016-02-23. Archived from the original on 2016-08-22. Retrieved 2016-08-21.
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