Freimut Börngen

Freimut Börngen (German: [ˈfʁaɪmuːt ˈbœʁŋən]; born 17 October 1930) is a German astronomer and a prolific discoverer of minor planets.[2] A few sources give his first name wrongly as "Freimuth". The Minor Planet Center credits him as F. Borngen.

Minor planets discovered: 538 [1]
see § List of discovered minor planets

He has studied galaxies with the Schmidt telescope at the Karl Schwarzschild Observatory in Tautenburg, Germany. In 1995 he retired, but continues to work as a freelancer for the observatory. As a by-product of his work, he has discovered numerous asteroids (519, as of July 2006). The research on asteroids had to be done in his spare time, as the search for small objects was not considered prestigious enough by the GDR research managers. During the GDR regime, Börngen restricted himself to politically neutral names for his asteroids, such as topics related to Thuringia or famous scientists and composers. Examples include 2424 Tautenburg, 3181 Ahnert, 3245 Jensch, or 3941 Haydn. After the German reunification, he chose systematically historical, cultural, scientific and geographical namings, and at times honored amateur astronomers. Other names include references to resistance fighters against the Nazi suppression, or document a religious interest.[3]

Freimut Börngen has achieved great reputation in the international scientific community for his human qualities and the well-substantiated choice of names. In 2006, he was awarded the Bundesverdienstkreuz am Bande (Cross of Merit on ribbon) by German Federal President Horst Köhler.

The main-belt asteroid 3859 Börngen, discovered by astronomer Edward Bowell at the U.S. Anderson Mesa Station in 1987, was named in his honor.[2] The naming and its citation was proposed and written by his college Lutz Schmadel, and published on 20 February 1989 (M.P.C. 14207).[4]

List of discovered minor planets

Freimut Börngen is credited by the Minor Planet Center with the discovery of 538 numbered minor planets made between 1961 and 1995.[1]

2424 Tautenburg27 October 1973list [A]
2861 Lambrecht3 November 1981list [A]
3181 Ahnert8 March 1964list
3245 Jensch27 October 1973list
3338 Richter28 October 1973list
3499 Hoppe3 November 1981list [A]
3539 Weimar11 April 1967list
3540 Protesilaos27 October 1973list
3802 Dornburg7 August 1986list
3808 Tempel24 March 1982list
3826 Handel27 October 1973list
3917 Franz Schubert15 February 1961list
3941 Haydn27 October 1973list
3943 Silbermann3 September 1981list
3954 Mendelssohn24 April 1987list
3955 Bruckner9 September 1988list
3975 Verdi19 October 1982list
3992 Wagner29 September 1987list
4003 Schumann8 March 1964list
4076 Dörffel19 October 1982list
4098 Thraen26 November 1987list
4117 Wilke24 September 1982list
4134 Schütz15 February 1961list
4246 Telemann24 September 1982list
4330 Vivaldi19 October 1982list
4347 Reger13 August 1988list
4382 Stravinsky29 November 1989list
4406 Mahler22 December 1987list
4559 Strauss11 January 1989list
4579 Puccini11 January 1989list
4727 Ravel24 October 1979list
4734 Rameau19 October 1982list
4802 Khatchaturian23 October 1989list
4850 Palestrina27 October 1973list
4872 Grieg25 December 1989list
4889 Praetorius19 October 1982list
4972 Pachelbel23 October 1989list
5004 Bruch8 September 1988list
5039 Rosenkavalier11 April 1967list
5063 Monteverdi2 February 1989list
5157 Hindemith27 October 1973list
5177 Hugowolf10 January 1989list
5210 Saint-Saëns7 March 1989list
5224 Abbe21 February 1982list
5312 Schott3 November 1981list
5375 Siedentopf11 January 1989list
5409 Saale30 September 1962list
5478 Wartburg23 October 1989list
5509 Rennsteig8 September 1988list
5616 Vogtland29 September 1987list
5628 Preussen13 September 1991list [B]
5689 Rhön9 September 1991list [B]
5792 Unstrut18 January 1964list
5816 Potsdam11 January 1989list
5820 Babelsberg23 October 1989list
5835 Mainfranken21 September 1992list
5846 Hessen11 January 1989list
5866 Sachsen13 August 1988list
5904 Württemberg10 January 1989list
6044 Hammer-Purgstall13 September 1991list [B]
6068 Brandenburg10 October 1990list [B]
6070 Rheinland10 December 1991list
6099 Saarland30 October 1991list
6120 Anhalt21 August 1987list
6124 Mecklenburg29 September 1987list
6157 Prey9 September 1991list [B]
6209 Schwaben12 October 1990list [B]
6293 Oberpfalz26 November 1987list
6305 Helgoland6 April 1989list
6320 Bremen15 January 1991list
6332 Vorarlberg30 March 1992list
6396 Schleswig15 January 1991list
6402 Holstein9 April 1991list
6439 Tirol13 February 1988list
6442 Salzburg8 September 1988list
6451 Kärnten9 April 1991list
6457 Kremsmünster2 September 1992list [B]
6482 Steiermark10 January 1989list
6488 Drebach10 April 1991list
6563 Steinheim11 December 1991list
6653 Feininger10 December 1991list
6717 Antal10 October 1990list [B]
6718 Beiglböck14 October 1990list [B]
6776 Dix6 April 1989list
6864 Starkenburg12 September 1991list [B]
6966 Vietoris13 September 1991list [B]
7054 Brehm6 April 1989list
7117 Claudius14 February 1988list
7121 Busch10 January 1989list
7127 Stifter9 September 1991list [B]
7130 Klepper30 April 1992list
7256 Bonhoeffer11 November 1993list
7280 Bergengruen8 September 1988list
7414 Bosch13 October 1990list [B]
7571 Weisse Rose7 March 1989list
7580 Schwabhausen13 October 1990list [B]
7583 Rosegger17 January 1991list
7584 Ossietzky9 April 1991list
7586 Bismarck13 September 1991list [B]
7655 Adamries28 December 1991list
7698 Schweitzer11 January 1989list
7700 Rote Kapelle13 October 1990list [B]
7767 Tomatic13 September 1991list [B]
7873 Böll15 January 1991list
7945 Kreisau13 September 1991list [B]
8019 Karachkina14 October 1990list [B]
8020 Erzgebirge14 October 1990list [B]
8089 Yukar13 October 1990list [B]
8108 Wieland30 January 1995list
8130 Seeberg27 February 1976list
8158 Herder23 October 1989list
8171 Stauffenberg5 September 1991list [B]
8268 Goerdeler29 September 1987list
8282 Delp10 September 1991list
8284 Cranach8 October 1991list
8381 Hauptmann21 September 1992list
8382 Mann23 September 1992list
8501 Wachholz13 October 1990list [B]
8502 Bauhaus14 October 1990list [B]
8661 Ratzinger14 October 1990list [B]
8666 Reuter9 April 1991list
8667 Fontane9 April 1991list
8684 Reichwein30 March 1992list
8827 Kollwitz13 August 1988list
8831 Brändström2 February 1989list
8847 Huch12 October 1990list [B]
8853 Gerdlehmann9 April 1991list
8860 Rohloff5 October 1991list [B]
8861 Jenskandler3 October 1991list [B]
9052 Uhland30 October 1991list
9187 Walterkröll12 September 1991list [B]
9189 Hölderlin10 September 1991list
9204 Mörike4 August 1994list
9307 Regiomontanus21 August 1987list
9315 Weigel13 August 1988list
9322 Lindenau10 January 1989list
9336 Altenburg15 January 1991list
9344 Klopstock12 September 1991list [B]
9351 Neumayer2 October 1991list [B]
9413 Eichendorff21 September 1995list
9577 Gropius2 February 1989list
9610 Vischer2 September 1992list [B]
9645 Grünewald5 January 1995list
9742 Worpswede26 November 1987list
9761 Krautter13 September 1991list [B]
9762 Hermannhesse13 September 1991list [B]
9764 Morgenstern30 October 1991list
9833 Rilke21 February 1982list
9854 Karlheinz15 January 1991list
9861 Jahreiss9 September 1991list [B]
9863 Reichardt13 September 1991list [B]
9872 Solf27 February 1992list
9956 Castellaz5 October 1991list [B]
9957 Raffaellosanti6 October 1991list
9962 Pfau28 December 1991list
10055 Silcher22 December 1987list
10067 Bertuch11 January 1989list
10095 Carlloewe9 September 1991list [B]
10100 Bürgel10 December 1991list
10114 Greifswald4 September 1992list [B]
10116 Robertfranz21 September 1992list [B]
10331 Peterbluhm9 April 1991list
10340 Jostjahn10 September 1991list
10348 Poelchau29 April 1992list
10543 Klee27 February 1992list
10740 Fallersleben8 September 1988list
10745 Arnstadt11 January 1989list
10746 Mühlhausen10 February 1989list
10747 Köthen1 February 1989list
10749 Musäus6 April 1989list
10753 van de Velde28 November 1989list
10761 Lyubimets12 October 1990list [B]
10762 von Laue12 October 1990list [B]
10763 Hlawka12 October 1990list [B]
10764 Rübezahl12 October 1990list [B]
10774 Eisenach15 January 1991list
10775 Leipzig15 January 1991list
10778 Marcks9 April 1991list
10781 Ritter6 August 1991list
10782 Hittmair12 September 1991list [B]
10786 Robertmayer7 October 1991list [B]
10787 Ottoburkard4 October 1991list [B]
10801 Lüneburg23 September 1992list
10825 Augusthermann18 September 1993list
10835 Fröbel12 November 1993list
10839 Hufeland3 April 1994list
10847 Koch5 January 1995list
10856 Bechstein4 March 1995list
10857 Blüthner5 March 1995list
11037 Distler2 February 1989list
11043 Pepping25 December 1989list
11050 Messiaën13 October 1990list [B]
11061 Lagerlöf10 September 1991list
11075 Dönhoff23 September 1992list
11313 Kügelgen3 April 1994list
11485 Zinzendorf8 September 1988list
11496 Grass10 January 1989list
11508 Stolte12 October 1990list [B]
11537 Guericke29 April 1992list
11547 Griesser31 October 1992list
11573 Helmholtz20 September 1993list [B]
11588 Gottfriedkeller28 October 1994list
11847 Winckelmann20 January 1988list
11853 Runge7 September 1988list
11854 Ludwigrichter8 September 1988list
11855 Preller8 September 1988list
11886 Kraske10 October 1990list [B]
11887 Echemmon14 October 1990list [B]
11899 Weill9 April 1991list
11916 Wiesloch24 September 1992list [B]
12182 Storm27 October 1973list
12240 Droste-Hülshoff13 August 1988list
12241 Lefort13 August 1988list
12244 Werfel8 September 1988list
12298 Brecht6 August 1991list
12318 Kästner30 April 1992list
12323 Haeckel4 September 1992list [B]
12327 Terbrüggen21 September 1992list [B]
12329 Liebermann23 September 1992list
12350 Feuchtwanger23 April 1993list
12401 Tucholsky21 July 1995list
12659 Schlegel27 October 1973list
12661 Schelling27 February 1976list
12694 Schleiermacher7 March 1989list
12729 Berger13 September 1991list [B]
12782 Mauersberger5 March 1995list
13024 Conradferdinand11 January 1989list
13055 Kreppein14 October 1990list [B]
13084 Virchow2 April 1992list
13086 Sauerbruch30 April 1992list
13092 Schrödinger24 September 1992list [B]
13093 Wolfgangpauli21 September 1992list
13149 Heisenberg4 March 1995list
13478 Fraunhofer27 February 1976list
13530 Ninnemann9 September 1991list [B]
13531 Weizsäcker13 September 1991list [B]
13559 Werth4 September 1992list [B]
13610 Lilienthal5 October 1994list
13954 Born13 October 1990list [B]
13977 Frisch29 April 1992list
14014 Münchhausen14 January 1994list
14025 Fallada2 September 1994list
14041 Dürrenmatt21 September 1995list
14365 Jeanpaul8 September 1988list
14366 Wilhelmraabe8 September 1988list
14367 Hippokrates8 September 1988list
14372 Paulgerhardt9 January 1989list
14412 Wolflojewski9 September 1991list [B]
14413 Geiger5 September 1991list [B]
14836 Maxfrisch14 February 1988list
14845 Hegel3 November 1988list
14871 Pyramus13 October 1990list [B]
14940 Freiligrath4 March 1995list
15262 Abderhalden12 October 1990list [B]
15263 Erwingroten13 October 1990list [B]
15264 Delbrück11 October 1990list [B]
15265 Ernsting12 October 1990list [B]
15282 Franzmarc13 September 1991list [B]
15301 Marutesser21 September 1992list [B]
15342 Assisi3 April 1994list
15346 Bonifatius2 September 1994list
15710 Böcklin11 January 1989list
15724 Zille12 October 1990list [B]
15727 Ianmorison10 October 1990list [B]
15728 Karlmay11 October 1990list [B]
15761 Schumi24 September 1992list [B]
15762 Rühmann21 September 1992list
15808 Zelter3 April 1994list
15811 Nüsslein-Volhard10 July 1994list
16355 Buber29 October 1975list
16398 Hummel24 September 1982list
16418 Lortzing29 September 1987list
16438 Knöfel11 January 1989list
16441 Kirchner7 March 1989list
16459 Barth28 November 1989list
16505 Sulzer12 October 1990list [B]
16522 Tell15 January 1991list
16524 Hausmann17 January 1991list
16544 Hochlehnert9 September 1991list [B]
16590 Brunowalter21 September 1992list [B]
16705 Reinhardt4 March 1995list
16714 Arndt21 September 1995list
17458 Dick13 October 1990list [B]
17459 Andreashofer13 October 1990list [B]
17460 Mang10 October 1990list [B]
17484 Ganghofer13 September 1991list [B]
17486 Hodler10 September 1991list
17488 Mantl2 October 1991list [B]
17489 Trenker2 October 1991list [B]
17492 Hippasos10 December 1991list
17496 Augustinus29 February 1992list
17579 Lewkopelew5 October 1994list
17597 Stefanzweig4 March 1995list
18286 Kneipp27 October 1973list
18359 Jakobstaude13 October 1990list [B]
18360 Sachs10 October 1990list [B]
18395 Schmiedmayer21 September 1992list [B]
18396 Nellysachs21 September 1992list [B]
18398 Bregenz23 September 1992list
18430 Balzac14 January 1994list
18458 Caesar5 March 1995list
19126 Ottohahn22 August 1987list
19136 Strassmann10 January 1989list
19139 Apian6 April 1989list
19162 Wambsganss10 October 1990list [B]
19178 Walterbothe9 September 1991list [B]
19182 Pitz7 October 1991list [B]
19183 Amati5 October 1991list [B]
19185 Guarneri4 October 1991list
19189 Stradivari28 December 1991list
19208 Starrfield2 September 1992list [B]
19263 Lavater21 July 1995list
19914 Klagenfurt27 October 1973list
19970 Johannpeter8 September 1988list
19992 Schönbein10 October 1990list [B]
19993 Gunterseeber10 October 1990list [B]
20006 Albertus Magnus11 April 1991list
20012 Ranke13 September 1991list [B]
20016 Rietschel8 October 1991list
20074 Laskerschueler14 January 1994list
21010 Kishon13 August 1988list
21050 Beck10 October 1990list [B]
21059 Penderecki9 April 1991list
21074 Rügen12 September 1991list [B]
21075 Heussinger12 September 1991list [B]
21076 Kokoschka12 September 1991list [B]
21109 Sünkel4 September 1992list [B]
21110 Karlvalentin4 September 1992list [B]
21118 Hezimmermann24 September 1992list [B]
21125 Orff30 December 1992list
22291 Heitifer2 February 1989list
22322 Bodensee13 September 1991list [B]
22348 Schmeidler24 September 1992list [B]
22354 Sposetti31 October 1992list
22369 Klinger18 September 1993list [B]
23472 Rolfriekher10 October 1990list [B]
23473 Voss11 October 1990list [B]
23490 Monikohl12 September 1991list [B]
23514 Schneider2 September 1992list [B]
23520 Ludwigbechstein23 September 1992list
23578 Baedeker22 February 1995list
24665 Tolerantia8 September 1988list
24666 Miesvanrohe8 September 1988list
24671 Frankmartin10 January 1989list
24699 Schwekendiek13 October 1990list [B]
24711 Chamisso6 August 1991list
24712 Boltzmann12 September 1991list [B]
24713 Ekrutt12 September 1991list [B]
24748 Nernst26 September 1992list [B]
24749 Grebel24 September 1992list [B]
24750 Ohm24 September 1992list [B]
24751 Kroemer21 September 1992list
26119 Duden7 October 1991list
26821 Baehr17 March 1988list
26842 Hefele2 October 1991list [B]
27710 Henseling7 September 1988list
27712 Coudray3 November 1988list
27758 Michelson12 September 1991list [B]
27764 von Flüe10 September 1991list
27765 Brockhaus10 September 1991list
27845 Josephmeyer5 October 1994list
27846 Honegger5 October 1994list
27864 Antongraff5 March 1995list
29185 Reich13 October 1990list [B]
29197 Gleim15 January 1991list
29203 Schnitger9 April 1991list
29204 Ladegast11 April 1991list
29208 Halorentz9 September 1991list [B]
29212 Zeeman10 September 1991list
29214 Apitzsch2 October 1991list [B]
29227 Wegener29 February 1992list
29246 Clausius2 September 1992list [B]
29250 Helmutmoritz24 September 1992list [B]
29329 Knobelsdorff5 October 1994list
30778 Döblin29 September 1987list
30788 Angekauffmann8 September 1988list
30798 Graubünden2 February 1989list
30826 Coulomb10 October 1990list [B]
30827 Lautenschläger10 October 1990list [B]
30828 Bethe12 October 1990list [B]
30829 Wolfwacker10 October 1990list [B]
30830 Jahn14 October 1990list [B]
30836 Schnittke15 January 1991list
30837 Steinheil15 January 1991list
30847 Lampert13 September 1991list [B]
30850 Vonsiemens7 October 1991list [B]
30851 Reißfelder2 October 1991list [B]
30852 Debye2 October 1991list [B]
30882 Tomhenning21 September 1992list [B]
30883 de Broglie24 September 1992list [B]
30933 Grillparzer17 October 1993list
32808 Bischoff10 October 1990list [B]
32809 Sommerfeld10 October 1990list [B]
32810 Steinbach10 October 1990list [B]
32811 Apisaon14 October 1990list [B]
32821 Posch9 September 1991list [B]
32853 Döbereiner21 September 1992list [B]
32855 Zollitsch24 September 1992list [B]
32899 Knigge4 August 1994list
35229 Benckert24 March 1995list
37573 Enricocaruso23 October 1989list
37582 Faraday12 October 1990list [B]
37583 Ramonkhanna13 October 1990list [B]
37584 Schleiden10 October 1990list [B]
37592 Pauljackson3 October 1991list [B]
37608 Löns24 September 1992list [B]
39464 Pöppelmann27 October 1973list
39536 Lenhof10 October 1990list [B]
39540 Borchert11 April 1991list
39549 Casals27 February 1992list
39571 Pückler21 September 1992list
42482 Fischer-Dieskau8 September 1988list
42487 Ångström9 September 1991list [B]
42492 Brüggenthies3 October 1991list [B]
42516 Oistrach11 November 1993list
43724 Pechstein29 October 1975list
43751 Asam19 October 1982list
43775 Tiepolo2 February 1989list
43790 Ferdinandbraun12 October 1990list [B]
43804 Peterting10 September 1991list [B]
43806 Augustepiccard13 September 1991list [B]
43813 Kühner7 October 1991list [B]
46563 Oken12 September 1991list [B]
48415 Dehio21 August 1987list
48422 Schrade3 November 1988list
48425 Tischendorf2 February 1989list
48434 Maxbeckmann23 October 1989list
48435 Jaspers23 October 1989list
48447 Hingley10 October 1990list [B]
48456 Wilhelmwien12 September 1991list [B]
48457 Joseffried12 September 1991list [B]
48458 Merian13 September 1991list [B]
48471 Orchiston7 October 1991list [B]
48472 Mössbauer2 October 1991list [B]
48480 Falk28 December 1991list
48492 Utewielen24 September 1992list [B]
48588 Raschröder2 September 1994list
52271 Lecorbusier8 September 1988list
52291 Mott10 October 1990list [B]
52292 Kamdzhalov10 October 1990list [B]
52293 Mommsen12 October 1990list [B]
52294 Detlef12 October 1990list [B]
52301 Qumran9 September 1991list [B]
52308 Hanspeterröser7 October 1991list [B]
52309 Philnicolai7 October 1991list
52334 Oberammergau30 March 1992list
52337 Compton2 September 1992list [B]
52341 Ballmann21 September 1992list [B]
55733 Lepsius27 November 1986list
55735 Magdeburg22 August 1987list
55749 Eulenspiegel15 January 1991list
55753 Raman13 September 1991list [B]
55759 Erdmannsdorff10 December 1991list
55772 Loder30 December 1992list
58152 Natsöderblom12 August 1988list
58163 Minnesang23 October 1989list
58186 Langkavel13 September 1991list [B]
58191 Dolomiten28 December 1991list
58215 von Klitzing21 September 1992list [B]
58217 Peterhebel24 September 1992list [B]
65675 Mohr-Gruber11 January 1989list
65685 Behring10 October 1990list [B]
65692 Trifu12 September 1991list [B]
65694 Franzrosenzweig10 September 1991list
65708 Ehrlich4 September 1992list [B]
65712 Schneidmüller24 September 1992list [B]
65769 Mahalia4 March 1995list
69264 Nebra14 August 1988list
69275 Wiesenthal28 November 1989list
69286 von Liebig10 October 1990list [B]
69287 Günthereichhorn10 October 1990list [B]
69288 Berlioz11 October 1990list [B]
69295 Stecklum2 October 1991list [B]
69312 Rogerbacon24 September 1992list [B]
73686 Nussdorf10 October 1990list [B]
73687 Thomas Aquinas10 October 1990list [B]
73692 Gürtler12 September 1991list [B]
73693 Dorschner12 September 1991list [B]
73699 Landaupfalz4 October 1991list [B]
73700 von Kues5 October 1991list [B]
73701 Siegfriedbauer3 October 1991list [B]
79087 Scheidt17 October 1977list
79129 Robkoldewey11 October 1990list [B]
79138 Mansfeld13 September 1991list [B]
85179 Meistereckhart11 October 1990list [B]
85190 Birgitroth12 September 1991list [B]
85195 von Helfta7 October 1991list [B]
85196 Halle4 October 1991list [B]
85197 Ginkgo5 October 1991list [B]
85198 Weltenburg2 October 1991list [B]
85199 Habsburg3 October 1991list [B]
85214 Sommersdorf21 September 1992list [B]
85215 Hohenzollern26 September 1992list [B]
85216 Schein24 September 1992list [B]
85217 Bilzingsleben31 October 1992list
85299 Neander5 October 1994list
85317 Lehár30 January 1995list
85320 Bertram4 March 1995list
90703 Indulgentia8 September 1988list
90709 Wettin12 October 1990list [B]
90711 Stotternheim10 October 1990list [B]
90712 Wittelsbach12 October 1990list [B]
(90718) 1991 RW312 September 1991list [B]
96205 Ararat24 September 1992list [B]
96206 Eschenberg24 September 1992list [B]
100019 Gregorianik23 October 1989list
100027 Hannaharendt12 October 1990list [B]
100028 von Canstein10 October 1990list [B]
100029 Varnhagen10 October 1990list [B]
100033 Taizé9 April 1991list
100046 Worms2 October 1991list [B]
100047 Leobaeck2 October 1991list [B]
(100084) 1992 SY1326 September 1992list [B]
100268 Rosenthal5 October 1994list
118173 Barmen11 April 1991list
118178 Rinckart23 September 1992list
120460 Hambach13 October 1990list [B]
(120461) 1990 TK910 October 1990list [B]
120481 Johannwalter24 September 1992list [B]
134348 Klemperer31 October 1992list
150118 Petersberg18 September 1993list [B]
152559 Bodelschwingh12 October 1990list [B]
(160018) 1991 TY27 October 1991list [B]
160512 Franck-Hertz11 October 1990list [B]
(160513) 1990 TD1312 October 1990list [B]
162001 Vulpius10 October 1990list [B]
(162002) 1990 TC1010 October 1990list [B]
168321 Josephschmidt12 September 1991list [B]
(173120) 1990 TL910 October 1990list [B]
178294 Wertheimer11 October 1990list [B]
190283 Schielicke12 September 1991list [B]
192293 Dominikbrunner10 October 1990list [B]
(204967) 1991 TH73 October 1991list [B]
279723 Wittenberg12 September 1991list [B]
(282028) 1990 TV910 October 1990list [B]
322510 Heinrichgrüber10 October 1990list [B]
350178 Eisleben30 March 1992list
(373394) 1990 TQ910 October 1990list [B]
Co-discovery made with:
A K. Kirsch
B L. D. Schmadel

References
  1. "Minor Planet Discoverers (by number)". Minor Planet Center. 4 September 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(3859) Börngen". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (3859) Börngen. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 327. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_3850. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
  3. As, e.g., in naming Asteroid 12694 Schleiermacher after German theologian Friedrich Schleiermacher.
  4. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 6 August 2016.
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