Front of Patriotic and National Parties
The Front of Patriotic and National Parties – FPNP (Arabic: جبهة الأحزاب الوطنية والقومية | Jabhat al-Ahzab al-Wataniyya wal-Qawmiyya) or Front Patriotique des Parties Nacionaux (FPPN) in French, was a Syrian-backed coalition of Lebanese Political parties and militias formed in the late 1970s.
| Front of Patriotic and National Parties جبهة الأحزاب الوطنية والوطنية | |
|---|---|
| no Image Front of Patriotic and National Parties logo (1976-1982). | |
| Leaders | Musa al-Sadr, Kamal Shatila |
| Dates of operation | Until 1982 |
| Headquarters | Beirut |
| Allies | Syrian Army |
| Opponents | Lebanese Front, Lebanese National Movement (LNM), Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) |
| Battles and wars | Lebanese civil war (1975-1990) |
Origins
It was formed in late March 1976 at West Beirut by breakaway sections of the Lebanese National Movement (LNM), which included the pro-Syrian factions of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party in Lebanon (SSNP) and the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Lebanon Region, the Shia Amal Movement led by Musa al-Sadr, Kamal Shatila's Union of Working People's Forces (UWPF) and the Kurdish Razkari Party.
Decline and demise
The alliance lasted until mid-1982, when it collapsed together with their LNM rival in the wake of the Israeli invasion of Lebanon.
References
- Edgar O'Ballance, Civil War in Lebanon, 1975-92, Palgrave Macmillan, 1998. ISBN 0-333-72975-7
- Rex Brynen, Sanctuary and Survival: the PLO in Lebanon, Boulder: Westview Press, Oxford 1990. ISBN 0 86187 123 5 –