GPAA1

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor attachment 1 protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPAA1 gene.[5][6]

GPAA1
Identifiers
Aliases	GPAA1, GAA1, hGAA1, glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor attachment 1, GPIBD15
External IDs	OMIM: 603048 MGI: 1202392 HomoloGene: 37852 GeneCards: GPAA1
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 8 (human)[1] Band 8q24.3 Start 144,082,590 bp[1] End 144,086,216 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 15 (mouse)[2] Band 15|15 D3 Start 76,331,231 bp[2] End 76,334,907 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • tubulin binding • GPI-anchor transamidase activity • GPI anchor binding • GO:0001948 protein binding Cellular component • integral component of membrane • endoplasmic reticulum membrane • GPI-anchor transamidase complex • endoplasmic reticulum • membrane Biological process • protein retention in ER lumen • GPI anchor biosynthetic process • attachment of GPI anchor to protein • macromolecular complex assembly Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	8733	14731
Ensembl	ENSG00000197858	ENSMUSG00000022561
UniProt	O43292	Q9WTK3
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_003801	NM_010331
RefSeq (protein)	NP_003792	NP_034461
Location (UCSC)	Chr 8: 144.08 – 144.09 Mb	Chr 15: 76.33 – 76.33 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Posttranslational glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor attachment serves as a general mechanism for linking proteins to the cell surface membrane. The protein encoded by this gene presumably functions in GPI anchoring at the GPI transfer step. The mRNA transcript is ubiquitously expressed in both fetal and adult tissues. The anchor attachment protein 1 contains an N-terminal signal sequence, 1 cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation site, 1 leucine zipper pattern, 2 potential N-glycosylation sites, and 8 putative transmembrane domains.[6]

Interactions

GPAA1 has been shown to interact with PIGT[7][8] and PIGK.[8][9]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000197858 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000022561 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Hiroi Y, Komuro I, Matsushita I, Aburatani H, Hosoda T, Nakahori Y, et al. (December 1998). "Assignment of the human GPAA1 gene, which encodes a product required for the attachment of glycosylphosphatidylinositols to proteins, at 8q24". Genomics. 54 (2): 354–5. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5490. PMID 9828142.
6. "Entrez Gene: GPAA1 glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor attachment protein 1 homolog (yeast)".
7. Ohishi K, Inoue N, Kinoshita T (August 2001). "PIG-S and PIG-T, essential for GPI anchor attachment to proteins, form a complex with GAA1 and GPI8". The EMBO Journal. 20 (15): 4088–98. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.15.4088. PMC 149153. PMID 11483512.
8. Vainauskas S, Maeda Y, Kurniawan H, Kinoshita T, Menon AK (August 2002). "Structural requirements for the recruitment of Gaa1 into a functional glycosylphosphatidylinositol transamidase complex". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (34): 30535–42. doi:10.1074/jbc.M205402200. PMID 12052837.
9. Ohishi K, Inoue N, Maeda Y, Takeda J, Riezman H, Kinoshita T (May 2000). "Gaa1p and gpi8p are components of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) transamidase that mediates attachment of GPI to proteins". Molecular Biology of the Cell. 11 (5): 1523–33. doi:10.1091/mbc.11.5.1523. PMC 14864. PMID 10793132.

Further reading

• Hiroi Y, Komuro I, Chen R, Hosoda T, Mizuno T, Kudoh S, et al. (January 1998). "Molecular cloning of human homolog of yeast GAA1 which is required for attachment of glycosylphosphatidylinositols to proteins". FEBS Letters. 421 (3): 252–8. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(97)01576-7. PMID 9468317. S2CID 30327972.
• Inoue N, Ohishi K, Endo Y, Fujita T, Takeda J, Kinoshita T (1999). "Human and mouse GPAA1 (Glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor attachment 1) genes: genomic structures, chromosome loci and the presence of a minor class intron". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 84 (3–4): 199–205. doi:10.1159/000015258. PMID 10393431. S2CID 23878595.
• Ohishi K, Inoue N, Maeda Y, Takeda J, Riezman H, Kinoshita T (May 2000). "Gaa1p and gpi8p are components of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) transamidase that mediates attachment of GPI to proteins". Molecular Biology of the Cell. 11 (5): 1523–33. doi:10.1091/mbc.11.5.1523. PMC 14864. PMID 10793132.
• Ohishi K, Inoue N, Kinoshita T (August 2001). "PIG-S and PIG-T, essential for GPI anchor attachment to proteins, form a complex with GAA1 and GPI8". The EMBO Journal. 20 (15): 4088–98. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.15.4088. PMC 149153. PMID 11483512.
• Vainauskas S, Maeda Y, Kurniawan H, Kinoshita T, Menon AK (August 2002). "Structural requirements for the recruitment of Gaa1 into a functional glycosylphosphatidylinositol transamidase complex". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (34): 30535–42. doi:10.1074/jbc.M205402200. PMID 12052837.
• Ohishi K, Nagamune K, Maeda Y, Kinoshita T (April 2003). "Two subunits of glycosylphosphatidylinositol transamidase, GPI8 and PIG-T, form a functionally important intermolecular disulfide bridge". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (16): 13959–67. doi:10.1074/jbc.M300586200. PMID 12582175.
• Hong Y, Ohishi K, Kang JY, Tanaka S, Inoue N, Nishimura J, et al. (May 2003). "Human PIG-U and yeast Cdc91p are the fifth subunit of GPI transamidase that attaches GPI-anchors to proteins". Molecular Biology of the Cell. 14 (5): 1780–9. doi:10.1091/mbc.E02-12-0794. PMC 165076. PMID 12802054.
• Vainauskas S, Menon AK (February 2004). "A conserved proline in the last transmembrane segment of Gaa1 is required for glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) recognition by GPI transamidase". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (8): 6540–5. doi:10.1074/jbc.M312191200. PMID 14660601.
• Vainauskas S, Menon AK (April 2005). "Endoplasmic reticulum localization of Gaa1 and PIG-T, subunits of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol transamidase complex". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 280 (16): 16402–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M414253200. PMID 15713669.
• Ho JC, Cheung ST, Patil M, Chen X, Fan ST (September 2006). "Increased expression of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol anchor attachment protein 1 (GPAA1) is associated with gene amplification in hepatocellular carcinoma". International Journal of Cancer. 119 (6): 1330–7. doi:10.1002/ijc.22005. PMID 16642471. S2CID 33616131.