GZMB

Granzyme B is a serine protease that in humans is encoded by the GZMB gene.[3] Granzyme B is expressed by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells.

GZMB
Available structures PDB Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1FQ3, 1IAU
Identifiers
Aliases	GZMB, CCPI, CGL-1, CGL1, CSP-B, CSPB, CTLA1, CTSGL1, HLP, SECT, granzyme B, C11
External IDs	OMIM: 123910 HomoloGene: 108184 GeneCards: GZMB
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 14 (human)[1] Band 14q12 Start 24,630,954 bp[1] End 24,634,267 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • peptidase activity • GO:0001948 protein binding • serine-type peptidase activity • serine-type endopeptidase activity • hydrolase activity Cellular component • cytosol • membrane • immunological synapse • cell nucleus • mitochondrion • secretory granule • cytoplasm Biological process • cytolysis • proteolysis • positive regulation of protein insertion into mitochondrial membrane involved in apoptotic signaling pathway • natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity • apoptotic process • granzyme-mediated apoptotic signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	3002	n/a
Ensembl	ENSG00000100453	n/a
UniProt	P10144	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_004131 NM_001346011	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001332940 NP_004122	n/a
Location (UCSC)	Chr 14: 24.63 – 24.63 Mb	n/a
PubMed search	[2]	n/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

CTL and NK cells share the remarkable ability to recognize specific infected target cells. They are thought to protect their host by inducing apoptosis of cells that bear on their surface 'nonself' antigens, usually peptides or proteins resulting from infection by intracellular pathogens. The protein encoded by this gene is crucial for the rapid induction of target cell apoptosis by CTL in cell-mediated immune response.[4]

See also

• The Proteolysis Map
• Granzyme

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000100453 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
3. Dahl CA, Bach FH, Chan W, Huebner K, Russo G, Croce CM, Herfurth T, Cairns JS (May 1990). "Isolation of a cDNA clone encoding a novel form of granzyme B from human NK cells and mapping to chromosome 14". Hum Genet. 84 (5): 465–70. doi:10.1007/bf00195821. PMID 2323780.
4. "Entrez Gene: GZMB granzyme B (granzyme 2, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated serine esterase 1)".

Further reading

• Trapani JA (1996). "Target cell apoptosis induced by cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells involves synergy between the pore-forming protein, perforin, and the serine protease, granzyme B.". Australian and New Zealand journal of medicine. 25 (6): 793–9. doi:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1995.tb02883.x. PMID 8770355.
• Cohen GM (1997). "Caspases: the executioners of apoptosis". Biochem. J. 326 (1): 1–16. doi:10.1042/bj3260001. PMC 1218630. PMID 9337844.
• Trapani JA, Sutton VR (2004). "Granzyme B: pro-apoptotic, antiviral and antitumor functions". Curr. Opin. Immunol. 15 (5): 533–43. doi:10.1016/S0952-7915(03)00107-9. PMID 14499262.

External links

• The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: S01.010