Gabriel Hallevy

Gabriel Hallevy (born 1973) is full professor of criminal law at the Faculty of Law, Ono Academic College, the largest faculty of law in Israel. He earned his LL.B. magna cum laude from Tel-Aviv University, and was on the Dean's List. He earned his LL.M. magna cum laude from Tel-Aviv University, and his Ph.D. summa cum laude from the University of Haifa. After obtaining his Ph.D. degree, he was promoted to Senior Lecturer (2008), to associate professor (2011) and to full professor (2013), and thus became the youngest law professor in Israel ever. At that year he was chosen as one of the 40 most promising Israelis under the age of 40 ("Top 40 Under 40") by the Israeli leading economic magazine in Israel, "Globes".[1] The Knesset, the Israeli Parliament, granted him a special honorary prize for the research in criminal law.

Professor Hallevy's articles and books on artificial intelligence and criminal law are well-known, and have been translated into a few languages, including Turkish,[2] Korean and Chinese.[3] In this issue he lectures not only to academic audience, but to general audience as well, including TED lecture[4] and in Brain Bar festivals.

Professor Hallevy lectures criminal law, criminal justice, evidence law, conflict of laws, bankruptcy law, corporate law, hi-tech law and game theory, he is a long-distance runner, member of the Israeli Bar, holds a pilot license and speaks Hebrew, English, French and German. He is frequently cited in the Israeli Supreme Court, which has embraced most of his original ideas in criminal law.[5]

Selected Scientific Books
  • Securities' Offences (Heb., 405 pp., 2002)
  • Complicity in Criminal Law' (Heb., 824 pp., 2008)
  • Theory of Criminal Law vol. I (Heb., 960 pp., 2009)
  • Theory of Criminal Law vol. II (Heb., 1,047 pp., 2009)
  • Theory of Criminal Law vol. III (Heb., 1016 pp., 2010)
  • Theory of Criminal Law vol. IV (Heb., 986 pp., 2010)
  • A Modern Treatise on the Principle of Legality in Criminal Law (Eng., 250 pp., 2010)
  • Theory of Criminal Justice vol. I (Heb., 713 pp., 2011)
  • Theory of Criminal Justice vol. II (Heb., 919 pp., 2011)
  • Theory of Criminal Justice vol. III (Heb., 700 pp., 2011)
  • Theory of Criminal Justice vol. IV (Heb., 886 pp., 2011)
  • The Matrix of Derivative Criminal Liability (Eng., 326 pp., 2012)
  • The Right to Be Punished - Modern Doctrinal Sentencing (Eng., 252 pp., 2013)
  • When Robots Kill - Artificial Intelligence under Criminal Law (Eng., 260 pp., 2013)
  • Theory of the Law of Evidence vol. I (Heb., 800 pp., 2013)
  • Theory of the Law of Evidence vol. II (Heb., 867 pp., 2013)
  • Theory of the Law of Evidence vol. III (Heb., 1,024 pp., 2013)
  • Theory of the Law of Evidence vol. IV (Heb., 954 pp., 2013)
  • Theory of the Conflict of Laws vol. I (Heb., 956 pp., 2014)
  • Theory of the Conflict of Laws vol. II (Heb., 987 pp., 2014)
  • Theory of the Conflict of Laws vol. III (Heb., 978 pp., 2014)
  • Theory of the Conflict of Laws vol. IV (Heb., 818 pp., 2015)
  • Liability for Crimes Involving Artificial Intelligence Systems (Eng., 265 pp., 2015)
  • The Matrix of Insanity in Modern Criminal Law (Eng., 214 pp., 2015)
  • Enforcement of Obligations Law vol. I (Heb., 1,026 pp., 2017)
  • Enforcement of Obligations Law vol. II (Heb., 1,070 pp., 2017)
  • Theory of Civil Procedure vol. I (Heb., 1,058 pp., 2017)
  • Theory of Civil Procedure vol. II (Heb., 1,074 pp., 2017)
  • Theory of Civil Procedure vol. III (Heb., 984 pp., 2019)
  • Cyber Law (Eng., 304 pp., 2019)
  • 加布里埃尔·哈列维, 犯罪机器人 - 人工智能 与 刑法 (Chinese, 304 pp., 2019)
  • Theory of Civil Procedure (Special Edition Adapted to the Civil Procedure Regulations, 2018) vol. I (Heb., 1,034 pp., 2019)
  • Theory of Civil Procedure (Special Edition Adapted to the Civil Procedure Regulations, 2018) vol. II (Heb., 1,040 pp., 2019)
  • Theory of Civil Procedure (Special Edition Adapted to the Civil Procedure Regulations, 2018) vol. III (Heb., 984 pp., 2019)
  • Theory of Civil Procedure (Special Edition Adapted to the Civil Procedure Regulations, 2018) vol. IV (Heb., 988 pp., 2019)


Selected Scientific Articles
  • "Therapeutic Victim-Offender Mediation within the Criminal Justice Process – Sharpening the Evaluation of Personal Potential for Rehabilitation while Righting Wrongs under the Alternative-Dispute-Resolution (ADR) Philosophy", 16 Harvard Negotiation Law Review. 65 (2011)
  • "Culture-based Crimes against Women in Societies Absorbing Immigrants – Rejecting the "Mistake of Law" Defense and Imposing Harsher Sentencing", 16 Cardozo Journal of Law & Gender 439 (2010)
  • "The Criminal Liability of Artificial Intelligence Entities – from Science Fiction to Legal Social Control", 4 Akron Intellectual Property Journal 171 (2010)
  • "'I, Robot – I, Criminal' – When Science Fiction Becomes Reality – Legal Liability of AI Robots Committing Criminal Offenses", 2010 Syracuse Science & Technology Law Reporter 1 (2010)
  • "Virtual Criminal Responsibility", 6 Original Law Review 121 (2010)
  • "Unmanned Vehicles – Subordination to Criminal Law under the Modern Concept of Criminal Liability", 21 Journal of Law, Information and Science 311 (2012)
  • "Ignoring the Law in the Name of Honor", GNLU Law Review (2010)
  • "The Impact of Defense Arguments Based on the Cultural Difference of the Accused in the Criminal Law of Immigrant Countries and Societies", Journal of Migration & Refugee Issues (2009)
  • "Victim's Complicity in Criminal Law", 22 International Journal of Punishment and Sentencing 76 (2006)
  • "The Defense Attorney as Mediator in Plea Bargains", 9 Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal 495 (2009)
  • "Rethinking the Legitimacy of Anglo-American High Courts' Judicial Review of Determining Factual Findings in Courts of the First Instance in Criminal Cases", 51 The High Court Quarterly Review 20 (2009)
  • "The Recidivist Wants to Be Punished – Punishment as an Incentive to Reoffend", 5 International Journal of Punishment and Sentencing 120 (2010)
  • "Is ADR (Alternative Dispute Resolution) Philosophy Relevant to Criminal Justice? – Plea Bargains as Mediation Process between the Accused and the Prosecution", Original Law Review (2009)
  • "The Privatization of the Criminal Prosecution – The Private Criminal Complaint as an Equilibrium between 'Privatization' and 'Publicization' under a Discourse of Economic Efficiency", Military Law Review (Heb., 2008)
  • "The Time Factor and Contemporaneity in Criminal Law", OAC Law Review (Heb., 2006)
  • "Developments Trends in Criminal Justice and Evidence Law in Israel", OAC Law Review (Heb., 2004)
  • "The External Element (Actus Reus) of the Sexual Offences – A Critical Analysis", IDF Law Review (Heb., 2003)
  • "The Renaissance of the Re-Trial in Israel", TAKDIM (Heb., 2004)
  • "Possession in Criminal Law", OAC Law Review (Heb., 2008)
  • "The Criminal Liability of Caregivers and their Institutes for the Death of the Dying Patient", Journal of Health Law & Bioethics (Heb., 2008)
  • "The Extra-Territorial Applicability of the Criminal Law of the Occupying State in Occupied Territories", Military Law Review (Heb., 2008)
  • "The Principle of Legality and Constitutionality in Criminal Law", OAC Law Review (Heb., 2009)
  • "The Private Prosecution in the Criminal Justice", OAC Law Review (Heb., 2011)
  • "The Influence of the Recidivism Factor on the Quantitative Assessment of Punishment", Book in Honor of Professor Shlomo Giora Shoham, Tel-Aviv University (Heb., 2010)
  • "Incapacitating Terrorism through Legal Fight – The Need to Redefine Inchoate Offenses under the Liberal Concept of Criminal Law", Alabama CL-CR L. Rev., Vol. 3, pp. 87–119 (2012)
  • "National Security under Liberal Substantive Criminal Law – When Do National Security Issues Become Criminal?", Creighton Int'l & Comp. L.J., Vol. 3, pp. 1–30 (2013)
  • "Legal Equalization of the Mentally Retarded Person to the Infant – Applicability of the General Defense of Infancy upon Mentally Retarded Persons", Journal of Health Law & Bioethics, Vol. 5 pp. 13–54 (Heb., 2013)
  • "The Structure of the Criminal Offense – Towards Recodification of the Law of Offenses (Special Part of the Israeli Penal Code) in Israel", OAC L. Rev., Vol. 10, pp. 43–77 (Heb., 2014)
  • "The Competence to Testify of Mentally Disordered and Mentally Retarded Persons," Alei Mishpat L. Rev. Vol. 12, pp. 29–66 (Heb., 2016)
  • "Algebraic Insights towards the Legal Transformation of Fault within in personam Defenses under Modern Criminal Law", Athens Journal of Law, Vol. 2.1 pp. 19–32 (2016)
  • "Culture Offenses instead of Cultural Defense – Criminalization of Oppression against Women in the Name of Honor", Cultural Essentialism in Intercultural Relations, Palgrave Macmillan Academic Press (2015)
  • "The Shadows of Normality: Legal Insanity under Modern Criminal Law", The Insanity Defense: Multidisciplinary Views on Its History, Trends and Controversies pp. 97–132, Praeger (2017)
  • "Criminal Liability for Intellectual Property Offenses of Artificial Intelligence Entities in Virtual and Augmented Reality Environments", RESEARCH HANDBOOK ON THE LAW OF VIRTUAL AND AUGMENTED REALITY, pp. 389-419, Edward Elgar Pub. (2018)
  • "Dangerous Robots – Artificial Intelligence vs. Human Intelligence", DANGEROUS IDEAS, South Korea (Korean, 2018)
  • "Criminal Law" THE ISRAELI LEGAL SYSTEM – AN INTRODUCTION, pp. 205-229, Hart Pub. (2019)



Selected Criticism on Professor Hallevy's Books and Articles
  • Rachel Charney, "Can Androids Plead Automatism – A Review of When Robots Kill: Artificial Intelligence under the Criminal Law by Gabriel Hallevy", 73 U. Toronto Fac. L. Rev. 69 (2015)
  • Rafal Michalczak, "Criminal Liability of Autonomous Software: Critique of Gabriel Hallevy's Conception", Machine Ethics & Machine Law 25 (Copernicus Center, 2016)
  • Christopher Faille, "Book Review: The Matrix of Insanity in Modern Criminal Law By Gabriel Hallevy", 62 Fed. Law. 73 (2015)
  • Dylan Matthews, How to Punish Robots When They Inevitably Turn Against Us, The Washington Post (March 5, 2013)
  • Leon Neyfakh, Should We Put Robots on Trial?, The Boston Globe (March 1, 2013)
  • David Wescott, Robots Behind Bars, The Chronicle Review (March 29, 2013)
  • Keveh Waddell, A Brave New World: Can Robots Be Sued?, AXIOS (June 24, 2018)
  • Zachary Crocket, What Happens When A Robot Kills Someone?, THE HUSTLE (July 27, 2018)
  • Dr. Amit Gurevich, "Complicity in Criminal Law / Dr. Gabriel Hallevy", The Israeli Lawyer ("Hapraklitim"), Vol. 22, pp. 41–42 (Heb. 2008)
  • Dr. Amit Gurevich, "Theory of Criminal Law, Vol. I / Dr. Gabriel Hallevy", The Israeli Lawyer ("Hapraklitim"), Vol. 25, pp. 41–42 (Heb. 2009)
  • Samuel Wolfman and Tali Shaked, "Mental Diseases in Civil Law in Light of Dynamic Psychiatry Concepts: Shifting from Categorization to Functional Criteria", J. OF HEALTH LAW & BIOETHICS, Vol. 3 pp. 44-76 (Heb. 2010)

References
  1. "Prof. Gabriel Hallevy - One of the Top 40 under 40". Globes.ac.il. 6 July 2011. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
  2. Gabriel Hallevy, Yapay Zekaya Sahip Varlıkların Cezai Sorumluluğu - Bilim Kurgudan Yasal Toplumsal Denetime, (Çeviren: Müslüm Fincan) Küresel Bakış Çeviri Hukuk Dergisi, Vol. 24, pp. 111-142 (2018)
  3. Gabriel Hallevy, 人工智能实体的刑事责任 (Translation: 赵增田 译, 同济大学) 同济大学 (Tongji University)
  4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pRNm6XKMO2Q
  5. "PROF. GABRIEL HALLEVY | הקריה האקדמית אונו". Ono.ac.il. 26 September 2011. Archived from the original on 26 March 2012. Retrieved 17 October 2011.
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